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Di Meo A, Ma L, Yau K, Abe KT, Colwill K, Gingras AC, Kozak R, Hladunewich MA, Yip PM. Evaluation of commercial assays for the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in hemodialysis patients. Clin Biochem 2023; 121-122:110681. [PMID: 37913837 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemodialysis patients exhibit variable immunogenicity following administration of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the use of two commercial assays in the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in hemodialysis patients and to compare their utility to commonly used SARS-CoV-2 serological assays developed in Canada. METHODS We evaluated serologic antibody response in 85 hemodialysis patients up to 6 months after receiving both doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. In addition, antibody response was assessed in 46 chronic kidney disease patients and 40 COVID-19 naïve health care workers (HCW) up to 3 months and 9 months, respectively. Anti-spike (S) and anti-nucleocapsid (N) levels were measured using Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays on the Roche analyzer and compared to ELISA-based detection of anti-S, anti-receptor binding domain (RBD), and anti-N. RESULTS The Elecsys anti-N immunoassay showed 93 % concordance with the anti-N ELISA. The Elecsys anti-S immunoassay showed 97 % concordance with the anti-S ELISA and 89 % concordance with the anti-RBD ELISA. HCWs exhibited significantly higher anti-S levels relative to hemodialysis patients. Anti-S levels decreased significantly over a 6-month period (p < 0.001) in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. In addition, anti-S levels decreased significantly over a 9-month (p < 0.001) and 3-month period (p < 0.001) in HCWs and CKD patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There is high concordance between commercial SARS-CoV-2 serological assays and SARS-CoV-2 serological assays developed in Canada. Hemodialysis patients exhibited varying immunogenicity following two doses of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine with anti-S levels decreasing over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Di Meo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liyan Ma
- Precision Medicine & Therapeutics Program (Laboratory Medicine), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin Yau
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kento T Abe
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Colwill
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Kozak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Precision Medicine & Therapeutics Program (Laboratory Medicine), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle A Hladunewich
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul M Yip
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Precision Medicine & Therapeutics Program (Laboratory Medicine), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Lin YCJ, Evans DH, Robbins NF, Orjuela G, Abe KT, Rathod B, Colwill K, Gingras AC, Tuite A, Yi QL, O’Brien SF, Drews SJ. Diminished Neutralization Capacity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 in Donor Plasma Collected from January to March 2021. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0525622. [PMID: 37289096 PMCID: PMC10434250 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05256-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The 50% plaque reduction neutralization assay (PRNT50) has been previously used to assess the neutralization capacity of donor plasma against wild-type and variant of concern (VOC) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Emerging data suggest that plasma with an anti-SARS-CoV-2 level of ≥2 × 104 binding antibody units/mL (BAU/mL) protects against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 infection. Specimens were collected using a cross-sectional random sampling approach. For PRNT50 studies, 63 previously analyzed specimens by PRNT50 versus SARS-CoV-2 wild-type, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta were analyzed by PRNT50 versus Omicron BA.1. The 63 specimens plus 4,390 specimens (randomly sampled regardless of serological evidence of infection) were also tested using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (anti-spike [S]; Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA; Abbott Quant assay). In the vaccinated group, the percentages of specimens with any measurable PRNT50 versus wild-type or VOC were wild type (21/25 [84%]), Alpha (19/25 [76%]), Beta (18/25 [72%]), Gamma (13/25 [52%]), Delta (19/25 [76%]), and Omicron BA.1 (9/25 [36%]). In the unvaccinated group, the percentages of specimens with any measurable PRNT50 versus wild type or VOC were wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (16/39 [41%]), Alpha (16/39 [41%]), Beta (10/39 [26%]), Gamma (9/39 [23%]), Delta (16/39 [41%]), and Omicron BA.1 (0/39) (Fisher's exact tests, vaccinated versus unvaccinated for each variant, P < 0.05). None of the 4,453 specimens tested by the Abbott Quant assay had a binding capacity of ≥2 × 104 BAU/mL. Vaccinated donors were more likely than unvaccinated donors to neutralize Omicron when assessed by a PRNT50 assay. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 Omicron emergence occurred in Canada during the period from November 2021 to January 2022. This study assessed the ability of donor plasma collected earlier (January to March 2021) to generate any neutralizing capacity against Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2. Vaccinated individuals, regardless of infection status, were more likely to neutralize Omicron BA.1 than unvaccinated individuals. This study then used a semiquantitative binding antibody assay to screen a larger number of specimens (4,453) for individual specimens that might have high-titer neutralizing capacity against Omicron BA.1. None of the 4,453 specimens tested by the semiquantitative SARS-CoV-2 assay had a binding capacity suggestive of a high-titer neutralizing capacity against Omicron BA.1. These data do not imply that Canadians lacked immunity to Omicron BA.1 during the study period. Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is complex, and there is still no wide consensus on correlation of protection to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chan J. Lin
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - David H. Evans
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | | | - Kento T. Abe
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mt. Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bhavisha Rathod
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mt. Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Colwill
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mt. Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mt. Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashleigh Tuite
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qi-Long Yi
- Epidemiology and Surveillance, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila F. O’Brien
- Epidemiology and Surveillance, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven J. Drews
- Canadian Blood Services, Microbiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Offergeld R, Preußel K, Zeiler T, Aurich K, Baumann-Baretti BI, Ciesek S, Corman VM, Dienst V, Drosten C, Görg S, Greinacher A, Grossegesse M, Haller S, Heuft HG, Hofmann N, Horn PA, Houareau C, Gülec I, Jiménez Klingberg CL, Juhl D, Lindemann M, Martin S, Neuhauser HK, Nitsche A, Ohme J, Peine S, Sachs UJ, Schaade L, Schäfer R, Scheiblauer H, Schlaud M, Schmidt M, Umhau M, Vollmer T, Wagner FF, Wieler LH, Wilking H, Ziemann M, Zimmermann M, der Heiden MA. Monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Prevalence of Antibodies in a Large, Repetitive Cross-Sectional Study of Blood Donors in Germany—Results from the SeBluCo Study 2020–2022. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040551. [PMID: 37111436 PMCID: PMC10144823 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 serosurveillance is important to adapt infection control measures and estimate the degree of underreporting. Blood donor samples can be used as a proxy for the healthy adult population. In a repeated cross-sectional study from April 2020 to April 2021, September 2021, and April/May 2022, 13 blood establishments collected 134,510 anonymised specimens from blood donors in 28 study regions across Germany. These were tested for antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleocapsid, including neutralising capacity. Seroprevalence was adjusted for test performance and sampling and weighted for demographic differences between the sample and the general population. Seroprevalence estimates were compared to notified COVID-19 cases. The overall adjusted SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence remained below 2% until December 2020 and increased to 18.1% in April 2021, 89.4% in September 2021, and to 100% in April/May 2022. Neutralising capacity was found in 74% of all positive specimens until April 2021 and in 98% in April/May 2022. Our serosurveillance allowed for repeated estimations of underreporting from the early stage of the pandemic onwards. Underreporting ranged between factors 5.1 and 1.1 in the first two waves of the pandemic and remained well below 2 afterwards, indicating an adequate test strategy and notification system in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Offergeld
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karina Preußel
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Zeiler
- German Red Cross Blood Service West, 58097 Hagen, Germany
| | - Konstanze Aurich
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Sauerbruchstrasse, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute for Medical Virology, German Centre for Infection Research, External Partner Site Frankfurt, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 39120 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Victor M. Corman
- Institute of Virology, German National Reference Laboratory for Coronavirus, Charité—University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, German National Reference Laboratory for Coronavirus, Charité—University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Siegfried Görg
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck/Kiel, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Sauerbruchstrasse, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | - Hans-Gert Heuft
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology/Blood Bank, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | | | - Ilay Gülec
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessen, Sandhofstraße 1, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - David Juhl
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck/Kiel, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Monika Lindemann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Silke Martin
- Bavarian Red Cross Blood Service, Herzog-Heinrich-Str. 2, 80336 München, Germany
| | | | | | - Julia Ohme
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Eldagsener Straße 38, 31832 Springe, Germany
| | - Sven Peine
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich J. Sachs
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Haemotherapy, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Langhansstr. 7, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lars Schaade
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Schlaud
- Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg—Hessen, Sandhofstraße 1, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Umhau
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Vollmer
- Heart and Diabetes Centre NRW, Institute for Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Franz F. Wagner
- German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Eldagsener Straße 38, 31832 Springe, Germany
| | | | | | - Malte Ziemann
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck/Kiel, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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Lin YJ, Evans DH, Robbins NF, Orjuela G, Hu Q, Samson R, Abe KT, Rathod B, Colwill K, Gingras AC, Tuite A, Yi QL, O'Brien SF, Drews SJ. Utilization of the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant Assay To Identify High-Titer Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Plasma against Wild-Type and Variant SARS-CoV-2 Viruses. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0281122. [PMID: 36125288 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02811-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that COVID-19 convalescent plasma may improve outcomes of patients with impaired immune systems; however, more clinical trials are required. Although we have previously used a 50% plaque reduction/neutralization titer (PRNT50) assay to qualify convalescent plasma for clinical trials and virus-like particle (VLP) assays to validate PRNT50 methodologies, these approaches are time-consuming and expensive. Here, we characterized the ability of the Abbott severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG II Quant assay to identify high- and low-titer plasma for wild-type and variant (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta) SARS-CoV-2 characterized by both VLP assays and PRNT50. Plasma specimens previously tested in wild-type, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta VLP neutralization assays were selected based on availability. Selected specimens were evaluated by the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay [Abbott anti-Spike (S); Abbott, Chicago, IL], and values in units per milliliter were converted to binding antibody units (BAU) per milliliter. Sixty-three specimens were available for analysis. Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay values in BAU per milliliter were significantly different between high- and low-titer specimens for wild-type (Mann-Whitney U = 42, P < 0.0001), Alpha (Mann-Whitney U = 38, P < 0.0001), Beta (Mann-Whitney U = 29, P < 0.0001), Gamma (Mann-Whitney U = 0, P < 0.0001), and Delta (Mann-Whitney U = 42, P < 0.0001). A conservative approach using the highest 95% confidence interval (CI) values from wild-type and variant of concern (VOC) SARS-CoV-2 experiments would identify a potential Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay cutoff of ≥7.1 × 103 BAU/mL. IMPORTANCE The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) to treat hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in August 2020. However, by 4 February 2021, the FDA had revised the convalescent plasma EUA. This revision limited the authorization for high-titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma and restricted patient groups to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 early in their disease course or hospitalized patients with impaired humoral immunity. Traditionally our group utilized 50% plaque reduction/neutralization titer (PRNT50) assays to qualify CCP in Canada. Since that time, the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (Abbott, Chicago IL) was developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of IgG against the SARS-CoV-2. Here, we characterized the ability of the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay to identify high- and low-titer plasma for wild-type and variant (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta) SARS-CoV-2.
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5
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Drews SJ, O’brien SF. Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic and How Blood Operators Can Prepare for the Next Pandemic. Viruses 2022; 14:2126. [PMID: 36298680 PMCID: PMC9608827 DOI: 10.3390/v14102126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans interact with virus-infected animal hosts, travel globally, and maintain social networks that allow for novel viruses to emerge and develop pandemic potential. There are key lessons-learned from the coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that blood operators can apply to the next pandemic. Warning signals to the COVID-19 pandemic included outbreaks of Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1) and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in the prior two decades. It will be critical to quickly determine whether there is a risk of blood-borne transmission of a new pandemic virus. Prior to the next pandemic blood operators should be prepared for changes in activities, policies, and procedures at all levels of the organization. Blood operators can utilize “Plan-Do-Study-Act” cycles spanning from: vigilance for emerging viruses, surveillance activities and studies, operational continuity, donor engagement and trust, and laboratory testing if required. Occupational health and donor safety issues will be key areas of focus even if the next pandemic virus is not transfusion transmitted. Blood operators may also be requested to engage in new activities such as the development of therapeutics or supporting public health surveillance activities. Activities such as scenario development, tabletop exercises, and drills will allow blood operators to prepare for the unknowns of the next pandemic.
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6
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Colwill K, Galipeau Y, Stuible M, Gervais C, Arnold C, Rathod B, Abe KT, Wang JH, Pasculescu A, Maltseva M, Rocheleau L, Pelchat M, Fazel-Zarandi M, Iskilova M, Barrios-Rodiles M, Bennett L, Yau K, Cholette F, Mesa C, Li AX, Paterson A, Hladunewich MA, Goodwin PJ, Wrana JL, Drews SJ, Mubareka S, McGeer AJ, Kim J, Langlois MA, Gingras AC, Durocher Y. A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1380. [PMID: 35356067 PMCID: PMC8942165 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Antibody testing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been instrumental in detecting previous exposures and analyzing vaccine‐elicited immune responses. Here, we describe a scalable solution to detect and quantify SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, discriminate between natural infection‐ and vaccination‐induced responses, and assess antibody‐mediated inhibition of the spike‐angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interaction. Methods We developed methods and reagents to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The main assays focus on the parallel detection of immunoglobulin (Ig)Gs against the spike trimer, its receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid (N). We automated a surrogate neutralisation (sn)ELISA that measures inhibition of ACE2‐spike or ‐RBD interactions by antibodies. The assays were calibrated to a World Health Organization reference standard. Results Our single‐point IgG‐based ELISAs accurately distinguished non‐infected and infected individuals. For seroprevalence assessment (in a non‐vaccinated cohort), classifying a sample as positive if antibodies were detected for ≥ 2 of the 3 antigens provided the highest specificity. In vaccinated cohorts, increases in anti‐spike and ‐RBD (but not ‐N) antibodies are observed. We present detailed protocols for serum/plasma or dried blood spots analysis performed manually and on automated platforms. The snELISA can be performed automatically at single points, increasing its scalability. Conclusions Measuring antibodies to three viral antigens and identify neutralising antibodies capable of disrupting spike‐ACE2 interactions in high‐throughput enables large‐scale analyses of humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination. The reagents are available to enable scaling up of standardised serological assays, permitting inter‐laboratory data comparison and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Colwill
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Montréal QC Canada
| | - Christian Gervais
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Montréal QC Canada
| | - Corey Arnold
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Bhavisha Rathod
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Present address: Treadwell Therapeutics Toronto ON Canada
| | - Kento T Abe
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jenny H Wang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Adrian Pasculescu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Mariam Maltseva
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Lynda Rocheleau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Martin Pelchat
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada.,The Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Mahya Fazel-Zarandi
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Mariam Iskilova
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Miriam Barrios-Rodiles
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Linda Bennett
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Kevin Yau
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto ON Canada
| | - François Cholette
- National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Winnipeg MB Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - Christine Mesa
- National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - Angel X Li
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Aimee Paterson
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada
| | - Michelle A Hladunewich
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto ON Canada
| | - Pamela J Goodwin
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jeffrey L Wrana
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Steven J Drews
- Microbiology, Donation Policy and Studies Canadian Blood Services Edmonton AB Canada.,Division of Diagnostic and Applied Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Samira Mubareka
- Division of Microbiology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto ON Canada.,Biological Sciences Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto ON Canada.,Division of Infectious Diseases Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Allison J McGeer
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - John Kim
- National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Winnipeg MB Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada.,The Centre for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Montréal QC Canada
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