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Laforce B, Masschaele B, Boone MN, Schaubroeck D, Dierick M, Vekemans B, Walgraeve C, Janssen C, Cnudde V, Van Hoorebeke L, Vincze L. Integrated Three-Dimensional Microanalysis Combining X-Ray Microtomography and X-Ray Fluorescence Methodologies. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10617-10624. [PMID: 28877438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel 3D elemental and morphological analysis approach is presented combining X-ray computed tomography (μCT), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) tomography, and confocal XRF analysis in a single laboratory instrument (Herakles). Each end station of Herakles (μCT, XRF-CT, and confocal XRF) represents the state-of-the-art of currently available laboratory techniques. The integration of these techniques enables linking the (quantitative) spatial distribution of chemical elements within the investigated materials to their three-dimensional (3D) internal morphology/structure down to 1-10 μm resolution level, which has not been achieved so-far using laboratory X-ray techniques. The concept of Herakles relies strongly on its high precision (around 100 nm) air-bearing motor system that connects the different end-stations, allowing combined measurements based on the above X-ray techniques while retaining the coordinate system. In-house developed control and analysis software further ensures a smooth integration of the techniques. Case studies on a Cu test pattern, a Daphnia magna model organism and a perlite biocatalyst support material demonstrate the attainable resolution, elemental sensitivity of the instrument, and the strength of combining these three complementary methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brecht Laforce
- X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging group (XMI), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S12, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Masschaele
- UGCT-Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University , Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.,X-Ray Engineering (XRE) bvba , Technologiepark 5, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Matthieu N Boone
- UGCT-Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University , Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Schaubroeck
- Center for Microsystems Technology (CMST), imec and Ghent University , Technologiepark 15, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manuel Dierick
- UGCT-Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University , Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Vekemans
- X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging group (XMI), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S12, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Colin Janssen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veerle Cnudde
- UGCT-PProGRess, Department of geology, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Hoorebeke
- UGCT-Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University , Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laszlo Vincze
- X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging group (XMI), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S12, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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