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Günther I, Rimbach G, Nevermann S, Neuhauser C, Stadlbauer V, Schwarzinger B, Schwarzinger C, Ipharraguerre IR, Weghuber J, Lüersen K. Avens Root ( Geum Urbanum L.) Extract Discovered by Target-Based Screening Exhibits Antidiabetic Activity in the Hen's Egg Test Model and Drosophila melanogaster. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794404. [PMID: 34975489 PMCID: PMC8715001 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plant extracts are becoming increasingly important as an alternative for traditional drugs against diabetes mellitus (DM). For this reason, we initialized a target-based screening of 111 root extracts from an open access plant extract library (PECKISH) by ascertaining their in-vitro inhibitory efficacy on α-glucosidase. The two most active extracts Geum urbanum L. (roseroot) and Rhodiola rosea L. (avens root) were further tested for their antidiabetic activities in terms of their impact on different regulatory key points of glucose homeostasis. To this end, various enzyme- and cell culture-based in-vitro assays were employed including the determination of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) activity in Caco-2 monolayers by Ussing chambers and of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation in a GFP-reporter cell line. Subsequently, the antidiabetic potential of the root extracts were further evaluated in in-vivo models, namely hen’s eggs test and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Avens root extract was found to be a more potent inhibitor of the enzymes α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) than roseroot extract. Most importantly, only avens root extract exhibited antidiabetic activity in the two in-vivo models eliciting a reduced blood glucose level in the in-ovo model and a decline of the triglyceride level in a dietary starch-induced D. melanogaster obesity model. Analyses of the polyphenolic composition of the avens root extract by HPLC revealed a high content of ellagic acid and its derivatives as well as ellagitannins such as pedunculagin, stenophyllanin, stachyurin, casuarinin and gemin A. In conclusion, avens root extract represents a promising medicinal plant that should be considered in further in-vivo studies on hyperglycemia in laboratory rodents and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Günther
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Nevermann
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Cathrina Neuhauser
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
| | - Verena Stadlbauer
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria.,FFoQSI - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Tulln, Austria
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
| | - Clemens Schwarzinger
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Julian Weghuber
- School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria.,FFoQSI - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Tulln, Austria
| | - Kai Lüersen
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Wang X, Zhou C, Liu J, Yang T, Mao L, Hong X, Jiang N, Jia R. Administration of Donor-Derived Nonexpanded Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Attenuates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Donation After Cardiac Death Rat Renal Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2021; 53:2070-2081. [PMID: 34266654 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Donation after cardiac death (DCD) has become a potential source for transplantation organs. However, ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) induced by cardiac arrest has limited the use of DCD organs. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) without the culturing step has been proposed as a safer and easier source for stem cell therapy, which has emerged as an attractive technology that could facilitate the recovery of renal function and structure from acute kidney injury induced by IRI after DCD renal transplantation. In this study, freshly isolated donor-derived SVF was identified and then delivered intra-arterially into the grafts in DCD rat renal transplantation. Administration of freshly isolated donor-derived SVF could significantly alleviate the IRI of renal grafts and enhance graft reparation by promoting graft cell proliferation and microvascularization in DCD renal transplantation. Moreover, results revealed that the oxidative stress in grafts was significantly alleviated with SVF treatment, and this might be attributed to the overexpression of antioxidative molecules including nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2, superoxide dismutase-1, and heme oxygenase-1. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the administration of freshly isolated donor-derived nonexpanded adipose SVF could attenuate IRI and protect the grafts after DCD rat renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinning Wang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianli Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Mao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Hong
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Center of Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhao R, Mu W, Wang X, Yang S, Duan C, Zhang J. Protective effects of aqueous extract from Gei Herba on blood-deficiency mice: insights gained by a metabolomic approach. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10167-10177. [PMID: 35498624 PMCID: PMC9050215 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing tumor incidence, anemia (categorized as a blood deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine) caused by chemotherapy has become a major side effect worldwide. Gei Herba, a traditional Miao nation herb, has a prominent effect on the treatment of blood deficiency (BD). However, its application is limited owing to little fundamental research. Therefore, a GC-MS metabolomic approach was used to study the protective effect of aqueous extract from Gei Herba (AEG) on BD mice and its putative mechanism. In this study, 32 male mice were divided into four groups: a control group, a BD model group, and two groups subjected to AEG treatment at a daily dose of 0.15 or 0.30 g kg−1 for 8 d. After AEG treatment, the HGB and HCT levels in the blood of BD mice were significantly increased, the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased, and the histomorphology of the liver was improved. Furthermore, compared with those in the model group, the levels of eight significant metabolites [phosphoric acid, glycine, l-proline, ribitol, (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, oleic acid, uridine and 4B2H-carbamic acid] in the liver were significantly changed by AEG. The findings of this study provide sound evidence regarding the protective effects of AEG in BD mice from both classical and metabolomic perspectives. The mechanisms of action of AEG could be related to regulation of linoleic acid metabolism and that of glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. The protective effect and mechanism of Gei Herba in BD mice were revealed by classical and metabolomic perspectives.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruru Zhao
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Wenbi Mu
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Sha Yang
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Cancan Duan
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563000
- China
- Key Lab Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education
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