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Nakadate K, Kawakami K, Yamazaki N. Combined Ingestion of Tea Catechin and Citrus β-Cryptoxanthin Improves Liver Function via Adipokines in Chronic Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:3345. [PMID: 37571282 PMCID: PMC10421220 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increase in the number of obese individuals, which has elevated the risk of related diseases. Although several studies have been performed to develop a definitive treatment for obesity, no solution has yet been achieved. Recent evidence suggests that tea catechins possess antiobesity effects; however, an impractical amount of catechin may be required to achieve antiobesity effects in humans. Moreover, studies are yet to elucidate the effects of the combined treatment of tea catechins with other substances. Here, we investigated the synergistic effects of catechins and β-cryptoxanthin in high-calorie diet-induced mice. Combined treatment with catechins and β-cryptoxanthin significantly suppressed obesity-induced weight gain and adipocyte size and area, restoring serum parameters to normal. Additionally, combined treatment with catechins and β-cryptoxanthin suppressed inflammatory responses in adipocytes, restored adiponectin levels to normal, protected the liver against obesity-induced damage, and restored normal liver function. Moreover, activin E level was restored to normal, possibly affecting the energy metabolism of brown adipocytes. Overall, these results suggest that the combined ingestion of tea catechins and β-cryptoxanthin was not only effective against obesity but may also help to prevent obesity-related diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Nakadate
- Department of Basic Science, Educational and Research Center for Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose 204-8588, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Kiyoharu Kawakami
- Department of Basic Science, Educational and Research Center for Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose 204-8588, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Noriko Yamazaki
- Department of Community Health Care and Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose 204-8588, Tokyo, Japan;
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Lautt WW. Hepatalin: the missing link in prediabetes, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:117-135. [PMID: 36716439 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatalin is a hormone secreted by the liver in response to pulses of insulin after a mixed nutrient meal, but only if the liver receives two permissive synergistic feeding signals from the stomach. Hepatalin stimulates glucose uptake and storage as glycogen in skeletal muscle, heart, and kidney but not liver, intestines, or adipocytes. Insulin acts primarily on liver and fat. Reduced hepatalin action results in postprandial hyperglycemia, compensatory elevation of insulin secretion, and a resultant shift in partitioning of nutrient energy storage from glycogen in muscle, to fat. Chronic hepatalin suppression leads to a predictable chronology of dysfunctions, first diagnosable as Absence of Meal-induced Insulin Sensitization (AMIS) which progresses to prediabetes, adiposity, and type 2 diabetes. The focus on nutrient partitioning and the role of hepatalin allows AMIS to be diagnosed, prevented, and treated, including through the use of lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wayne Lautt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 260 Brodie Center 727 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
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Gabriel-Medina P, Ferrer-Costa R, Rodriguez-Frias F, Ciudin A, Augustin S, Rivera-Esteban J, Pericàs JM, Selva DM. Influence of Type 2 Diabetes in the Association of PNPLA3 rs738409 and TM6SF2 rs58542926 Polymorphisms in NASH Advanced Liver Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1015. [PMID: 35625751 PMCID: PMC9139123 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of cirrhosis in western countries. Insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the polymorphisms patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926 are independent risk factors of NASH. Nevertheless, little is known about the interaction between IR and T2D with these polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of NASH and the development of advanced fibrosis. Thus, our study aimed to investigate this relationship. This is a cross-sectional study including NASH patients diagnosed by liver biopsy, at the Vall d’Hebron University Hospital. A total of 140 patients were included (93 T2D, 47 non-T2D). T2D (OR = 4.67; 95%CI 2.13−10.20; p < 0.001), PNPLA3 rs738409 and TM6SF2 rs58542926 polymorphisms (OR = 3.94; 95%CI 1.63−9.54; p = 0.002) were independently related with advanced liver fibrosis. T2D increased the risk of advance fibrosis on top of the two polymorphisms (OR = 14.69; 95%CI 3.03−77.35; p = 0.001 for PNPLA3 rs738409 and OR = 11.45; 95%CI 3.16−41.55; p < 0.001 for TM6SF2 rs58542926). In non-T2D patients, the IR (HOMA-IR ≥ 5.2, OR = 14.33; 95%CI 2.14−18.66; p = 0.014) increased the risk of advanced fibrosis when the polymorphisms were present (OR = 19.04; 95%CI 1.71−650.84; p = 0.042). The T2D and IR status increase the risk of advanced fibrosis in patients with NASH carrying the PNPLA3 rs738409 and/or TM6SF2 rs58542926 polymorphisms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gabriel-Medina
- Biochemistry Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (F.R.-F.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Team, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Ferrer-Costa
- Biochemistry Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (F.R.-F.)
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Team, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez-Frias
- Biochemistry Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (P.G.-M.); (F.R.-F.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Team, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Andreea Ciudin
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
- Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Augustin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (J.M.P.)
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesus Rivera-Esteban
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan M. Pericàs
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.A.); (J.M.P.)
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Martinez Selva
- Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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