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Dong N, Qi W, Wu L, Li J, Zhang X, Wu H, Zhang W, Jiang J, Zhang S, Fu W, Liu Q, Qi G, Wang L, Lu Y, Luo J, Kong Y, Liu Y, Zhao RC, Wang J. LINC00606 promotes glioblastoma progression through sponge miR-486-3p and interaction with ATP11B. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:139. [PMID: 38725030 PMCID: PMC11080186 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LncRNAs regulate tumorigenesis and development in a variety of cancers. We substantiate for the first time that LINC00606 is considerably expressed in glioblastoma (GBM) patient specimens and is linked with adverse prognosis. This suggests that LINC00606 may have the potential to regulate glioma genesis and progression, and that the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of LINC00606 in GBM remain largely unknown. METHODS The expression of LINC00606 and ATP11B in glioma and normal brain tissues was evaluated by qPCR, and the biological functions of the LINC00606/miR-486-3p/TCF12/ATP11B axis in GBM were verified through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. The molecular mechanism of LINC00606 was elucidated by immunoblotting, FISH, RNA pulldown, CHIP-qPCR, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS We demonstrated that LINC00606 promotes glioma cell proliferation, clonal expansion and migration, while reducing apoptosis levels. Mechanistically, on the one hand, LINC00606 can sponge miR-486-3p; the target gene TCF12 of miR-486-3p affects the transcriptional initiation of LINC00606, PTEN and KLLN. On the other hand, it can also regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to mediate glioma cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis by binding to ATP11B protein. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the LINC00606/miR-486-3p/TCF12/ATP11B axis is involved in the regulation of GBM progression and plays a role in tumor regulation at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels primarily through LINC00606 sponging miR-486-3p and targeted binding to ATP11B. Therefore, our research on the regulatory network LINC00606 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naijun Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Shibo Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Guandong Qi
- Residential College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lukai Wang
- Residential College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyuan Lu
- Residential College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Luo
- Residential College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Kong
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Centre of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China.
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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Tabnak P, Hasanzade Bashkandi A, Ebrahimnezhad M, Soleimani M. Forkhead box transcription factors (FOXOs and FOXM1) in glioma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37821870 PMCID: PMC10568859 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most aggressive and malignant type of primary brain tumor, comprises the majority of central nervous system deaths, and is categorized into different subgroups according to its histological characteristics, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and mixed tumors. The forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors comprise a collection of proteins that play various roles in numerous complex molecular cascades and have been discovered to be differentially expressed in distinct glioma subtypes. FOXM1 and FOXOs have been recognized as crucial transcription factors in tumor cells, including glioma cells. Accumulating data indicates that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene in various types of cancers, and a significant part of studies has investigated its function in glioma. Although recent studies considered FOXO subgroups as tumor suppressors, there are pieces of evidence that they may have an oncogenic role. This review will discuss the subtle functions of FOXOs and FOXM1 in gliomas, dissecting their regulatory network with other proteins, microRNAs and their role in glioma progression, including stem cell differentiation and therapy resistance/sensitivity, alongside highlighting recent pharmacological progress for modulating their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Soleimani
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Lin S, Li K, Qi L. Cancer stem cells in brain tumors: From origin to clinical implications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e341. [PMID: 37576862 PMCID: PMC10412776 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors are highly heterogeneous tumors with a poor prognosis and a high morbidity and mortality rate in both children and adults. The cancer stem cell (CSC, also named tumor-initiating cell) model states that tumor growth is driven by a subset of CSCs. This model explains some of the clinical observations of brain tumors, including the almost unavoidable tumor recurrence after initial successful chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and treatment resistance. Over the past two decades, strategies for the identification and characterization of brain CSCs have improved significantly, supporting the design of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for brain tumors. Relevant studies have unveiled novel characteristics of CSCs in the brain, including their heterogeneity and distinctive immunobiology, which have provided opportunities for new research directions and potential therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of CSCs markers and stemness regulators in brain tumors. We also comprehensively describe the influence of the CSCs niche and tumor microenvironment on brain tumor stemness, including interactions between CSCs and the immune system, and discuss the potential application of CSCs in brain-based therapies for the treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Lin
- Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuan People's HospitalQingyuanGuangdongChina
| | - Kaishu Li
- Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuan People's HospitalQingyuanGuangdongChina
| | - Ling Qi
- Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuan People's HospitalQingyuanGuangdongChina
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4
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Ding LN, Yu YY, Ma CJ, Lei CJ, Zhang HB. SOX2-associated signaling pathways regulate biological phenotypes of cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114336. [PMID: 36738502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SOX2 is a transcription factor involved in multiple stages of embryonic development. In related reports, SOX2 was found to be abnormally expressed in tumor tissues and correlated with clinical features such as TNM staging, tumor grade, and prognosis in patients with various cancer types. In most cancer types, SOX2 is a tumor-promoting factor that regulates tumor progression and metastasis primarily by maintaining the stemness of cancer cells. In addition, SOX2 also regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, ferroptosis and drug resistance of cancer cells. However, SOX2 acts as a tumor suppressor in some cases in certain cancer types, such as gastric and lung cancer. These key regulatory functions of SOX2 involve complex regulatory networks, including protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions through signaling pathways and noncoding RNA interactions, modulating SOX2 expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy for clinical cancer patients. Therefore, we sorted out the phenotypes related to SOX2 in cancer, hoping to provide a basis for further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Ding
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Y Yu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - C J Ma
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - C J Lei
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - H B Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Yang J, Luly KM, Green JJ. Nonviral nanoparticle gene delivery into the CNS for neurological disorders and brain cancer applications. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2023; 15:e1853. [PMID: 36193561 PMCID: PMC10023321 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonviral nanoparticles have emerged as an attractive alternative to viral vectors for gene therapy applications, utilizing a range of lipid-based, polymeric, and inorganic materials. These materials can either encapsulate or be functionalized to bind nucleic acids and protect them from degradation. To effectively elicit changes to gene expression, the nanoparticle carrier needs to undergo a series of steps intracellularly, from interacting with the cellular membrane to facilitate cellular uptake to endosomal escape and nucleic acid release. Adjusting physiochemical properties of the nanoparticles, such as size, charge, and targeting ligands, can improve cellular uptake and ultimately gene delivery. Applications in the central nervous system (CNS; i.e., neurological diseases, brain cancers) face further extracellular barriers for a gene-carrying nanoparticle to surpass, with the most significant being the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Approaches to overcome these extracellular challenges to deliver nanoparticles into the CNS include systemic, intracerebroventricular, intrathecal, and intranasal administration. This review describes and compares different biomaterials for nonviral nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy to the CNS and explores challenges and recent preclinical and clinical developments in overcoming barriers to nanoparticle-mediated delivery to the brain. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Yang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathryn M Luly
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jordan J Green
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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6
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Ervin EH, French R, Chang CH, Pauklin S. Inside the stemness engine: Mechanistic links between deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:48-83. [PMID: 36347438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cell identity is largely determined by its transcriptional profile. In tumour, deregulation of transcription factor expression and/or activity enables cancer cell to acquire a stem-like state characterised by capacity to self-renew, differentiate and form tumours in vivo. These stem-like cancer cells are highly metastatic and therapy resistant, thus warranting a more complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms downstream of the transcription factors that mediate the establishment of stemness state. Here, we review recent research findings that provide a mechanistic link between the commonly deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. In particular, we describe the role of master transcription factors (SOX, OCT4, NANOG, KLF, BRACHYURY, SALL, HOX, FOX and RUNX), signalling-regulated transcription factors (SMAD, β-catenin, YAP, TAZ, AP-1, NOTCH, STAT, GLI, ETS and NF-κB) and unclassified transcription factors (c-MYC, HIF, EMT transcription factors and P53) across diverse tumour types, thereby yielding a comprehensive overview identifying shared downstream targets, highlighting unique mechanisms and discussing complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle-Helene Ervin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Rhiannon French
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Chao-Hui Chang
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
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7
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Li T, Li J, Chen Z, Zhang S, Li S, Wageh S, Al-Hartomy OA, Al-Sehemi AG, Xie Z, Kankala RK, Zhang H. Glioma diagnosis and therapy: Current challenges and nanomaterial-based solutions. J Control Release 2022; 352:338-70. [PMID: 36206948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is often referred to as one of the most dreadful central nervous system (CNS)-specific tumors with rapidly-proliferating cancerous glial cells, accounting for nearly half of the brain tumors at an annual incidence rate of 30-80 per a million population. Although glioma treatment remains a significant challenge for researchers and clinicians, the rapid development of nanomedicine provides tremendous opportunities for long-term glioma therapy. However, several obstacles impede the development of novel therapeutics, such as the very tight blood-brain barrier (BBB), undesirable hypoxia, and complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Several efforts have been dedicated to exploring various nanoformulations for improving BBB permeation and precise tumor ablation to address these challenges. Initially, this article briefly introduces glioma classification and various pathogenic factors. Further, currently available therapeutic approaches are illustrated in detail, including traditional chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical practices. Then, different innovative treatment strategies, such as tumor-treating fields, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and phototherapy, are emphasized. In conclusion, we summarize the article with interesting perspectives, providing suggestions for future glioma diagnosis and therapy improvement.
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8
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Liu Y, Rao J, Mi Y, Chen L, Feng L, Li Q, Geng J, Yang X, Zhan X, Ren L, Chen J, Zhang X. SARS-CoV-2 RNAs are processed into 22-nt vsRNAs in Vero cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008084. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the global pandemic, resulting in great fatalities around the world. Although the antiviral roles of RNA interference (RNAi) have been well studied in plants, nematodes and insects, the antiviral roles of RNAi in mammalians are still debating as RNAi effect is suspected to be suppressed by interferon (IFN) signaling pathways in most cell types. To determine the role of RNAi in mammalian resistance to SARS-CoV-2, we studied the profiling of host small RNAs and SARS-CoV-2 virus-derived small RNAs (vsRNAs) in the early infection stages of Vero cells, an IFN-deficient cell line. We found that host microRNAs (miRNAs) were dysregulated upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, resulting in downregulation of microRNAs playing antiviral functions and upregulation of microRNAs facilitating viral proliferations. Moreover, vsRNA peaked at 22 nt at negative strand but not the positive strand of SARS-CoV-2 and formed successive Dicer-spliced pattern at both strands. Similar characteristics of vsRNAs were observed in IFN-deficient cell lines infected with Sindbis and Zika viruses. Together, these findings indicate that host cell may deploy RNAi pathway to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection in IFN-deficient cells, informing the alternative antiviral strategies to be developed for patients or tissues with IFN deficiency.
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Johnson AL, Laterra J, Lopez-Bertoni H. Exploring glioblastoma stem cell heterogeneity: Immune microenvironment modulation and therapeutic opportunities. Front Oncol 2022; 12:995498. [PMID: 36212415 PMCID: PMC9532940 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.995498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its growing use in cancer treatment, immunotherapy has been virtually ineffective in clinical trials for gliomas. The inherently cold tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in gliomas, characterized by a high ratio of pro-tumor to anti-tumor immune cell infiltrates, acts as a seemingly insurmountable barrier to immunotherapy. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) within these tumors are key contributors to this cold TIME, often functioning indirectly through activation and recruitment of pro-tumor immune cell types. Furthermore, drivers of GSC plasticity and heterogeneity (e.g., reprogramming transcription factors, epigenetic modifications) are associated with induction of immunosuppressive cell states. Recent studies have identified GSC-intrinsic mechanisms, including functional mimicry of immune suppressive cell types, as key determinants of anti-tumor immune escape. In this review, we cover recent advancements in our understanding of GSC-intrinsic mechanisms that modulate GSC-TIME interactions and discuss cutting-edge techniques and bioinformatics platforms available to study immune modulation at high cellular resolution with exploration of both malignant (i.e., GSC) and non-malignant (i.e., immune) cell fractions. Finally, we provide insight into the therapeutic opportunities for targeting immunomodulatory GSC-intrinsic mechanisms to potentiate immunotherapy response in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Johnson
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John Laterra
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: John Laterra, ; Hernando Lopez-Bertoni,
| | - Hernando Lopez-Bertoni
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: John Laterra, ; Hernando Lopez-Bertoni,
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10
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Fichte A, Neumann A, Weigelt K, Guzman J, Jansen T, Keinert J, Serrero G, Yue B, Stöhr R, Greither T, Hartmann A, Wullich B, Taubert H, Wach S, Lieb V. Combined miR-486 and GP88 (Progranulin) Serum Levels Are Suggested as Supportive Biomarkers for Therapy Decision in Elderly Prostate Cancer Patients. Life (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 35629399 DOI: 10.3390/life12050732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the applicability of miR-486 in combination with soluble GP88 protein as a diagnostic and/or predictive biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa) patients. miR-486 and GP88 levels in serum samples from 136 patients undergoing MRI-guided biopsy of the prostate were assessed by qRT−PCR and ELISA, respectively. Of these, 86 patients received a histologically confirmed diagnosis of PCa. Neither marker showed an association with the diagnosis of cancer. PCa patients were separated based on (i) treatment into patients with active surveillance or patients with any type of curative treatment and (ii) age into elderly (>68 years) patients and younger patients (≤68 years). In elderly patients (N = 41) with the intention of curative treatment at optimized cut-off values, significantly higher GP88 levels (p = 0.018) and lower miR-486 levels (p = 0.014) were observed. The total PSA level and ISUP biopsy grade were used in a baseline model for predicting definitive therapy. The baseline model exhibited an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.783 (p = 0.005). The addition of the serum biomarkers miR-486 and GP88 to the baseline model yielded an improved model with an AUC of 0.808 (p = 0.002). Altogether, combined miR-486 and GP88 serum levels are associated with and are therefore suggested as supportive biomarkers for therapy decisions, particularly in elderly PCa patients.
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Ahmadpour S, Taghavi T, Sheida A, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Effects of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs on chemotherapy response in glioma. Epigenomics 2022; 14:549-563. [PMID: 35473299 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most prevalent invasive primary tumor of the central nervous system. Glioma cells can spread and infiltrate into normal surrounding brain tissues. Despite the standard use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy after surgery in glioma patients, treatment resistance is still a problem, as the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Non-coding RNAs are widely involved in tumor progression and treatment resistance mechanisms. In the present review, we discuss the pathways by which microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs can affect resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as offer potential therapeutic options for future glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadpour
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry & Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Abstract
Genetic medicine has great potential to treat the underlying causes of many human diseases with exquisite precision, but the field has historically been stymied by delivery as the central challenge. Nanoparticles, engineered constructs the size of natural viruses, are being designed to more closely mimic the delivery efficiency of viruses, while enabling the advantages of increased safety, cargo-carrying flexibility, specific targeting, and ease in manufacturing. The speed in which nonviral gene transfer nanoparticles are making progress in the clinic is accelerating, with clinical validation of multiple nonviral nucleic acid delivery nanoparticle formulations recently FDA approved for both expression and for silencing of genes. While much of this progress has been with lipid nanoparticle formulations, significant development is being made with other nanomaterials for gene transfer as well, with favorable attributes such as biodegradability, scalability, and cell targeting. This review highlights the state of the field, current challenges in delivery, and opportunities for engineered nanomaterials to meet these challenges, including enabling long-term therapeutic gene editing. Delivery technology utilizing different kinds of nanomaterials and varying cargos for gene transfer (DNA, mRNA, and ribonucleoproteins) are discussed. Clinical applications are presented, including for the treatment of genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin W. Kavanagh
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 400 North Broadway, Smith Building 5017 Baltimore MD 21231 USA
| | - Jordan J. Green
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 400 North Broadway, Smith Building 5017 Baltimore MD 21231 USA
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Lopez-Bertoni H, Johnson A, Rui Y, Lal B, Sall S, Malloy M, Coulter JB, Lugo-Fagundo M, Shudir S, Khela H, Caputo C, Green JJ, Laterra J. Sox2 induces glioblastoma cell stemness and tumor propagation by repressing TET2 and deregulating 5hmC and 5mC DNA modifications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:37. [PMID: 35136034 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a reversible process catalyzed by the ten–eleven translocation (TET) family of enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3) that convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Altered patterns of 5hmC and 5mC are widely reported in human cancers and loss of 5hmC correlates with poor prognosis. Understanding the mechanisms leading to 5hmC loss and its role in oncogenesis will advance the development of epigenetic-based therapeutics. We show that TET2 loss associates with glioblastoma (GBM) stem cells and correlates with poor survival of GBM patients. We further identify a SOX2:miR-10b-5p:TET2 axis that represses TET2 expression, represses 5hmC, increases 5mC levels, and induces GBM cell stemness and tumor-propagating potential. In vivo delivery of a miR-10b-5p inhibitor that normalizes TET2 expression and 5hmC levels inhibits tumor growth and prolongs survival of animals bearing pre-established orthotopic GBM xenografts. These findings highlight the importance of TET2 and 5hmC loss in Sox2-driven oncogenesis and their potential for therapeutic targeting.
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Bei Y, Lu D, Bär C, Chatterjee S, Costa A, Riedel I, Mooren FC, Zhu Y, Huang Z, Wei M, Hu M, Liu S, Yu P, Wang K, Thum T, Xiao J. MiR-486 attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and mediates the beneficial effect of exercise for myocardial protection. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1675-1691. [PMID: 35077859 PMCID: PMC9077322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise and its regulated molecules have myocardial protective effects against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The muscle-enriched miR-486 was previously identified to be upregulated in exercised heart, which prompted us to investigate the functional roles of miR-486 in cardiac I/R injury and to further explore its potential in contributing to exercise-induced protection against I/R injury. Our data showed that miR-486 was significantly downregulated in the heart upon cardiac I/R injury. Both preventive and therapeutic interventions of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated miR-486 overexpression could reduce cardiac I/R injury. Using AAV9 expressing miR-486 with cTnT promoter, we further demonstrated that cardiac muscle cell-targeted miR-486 overexpression was also sufficient to protect against cardiac I/R injury. Consistently, miR-486 was downregulated in oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGDR)-stressed cardiomyocytes, while upregulating miR-486 inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis through PTEN and FoxO1 inhibition and AKT/mTOR activation. Finally, we observed that miR-486 was necessary for exercise-induced protection against cardiac I/R injury. In conclusion, miR-486 is protective against cardiac I/R injury and myocardial apoptosis through targeting PTEN and FoxO1 and activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway, and mediates the beneficial effect of exercise for myocardial protection. Increasing miR-486 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for myocardial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Bei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dongchao Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany; REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany; REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Shambhabi Chatterjee
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Alessia Costa
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany; REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Isabelle Riedel
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Frank C Mooren
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health/School of Medicine, Witten 58448, Germany
| | - Yujiao Zhu
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Meiyu Hu
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Sunyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Pujiao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany; REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover 30625, Germany.
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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15
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Lin J, Xia L, Oyang L, Liang J, Tan S, Wu N, Yi P, Pan Q, Rao S, Han Y, Tang Y, Su M, Luo X, Yang Y, Chen X, Yang L, Zhou Y, Liao Q. The POU2F1-ALDOA axis promotes the proliferation and chemoresistance of colon cancer cells by enhancing glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway activity. Oncogene 2022; 41:1024-1039. [PMID: 34997215 PMCID: PMC8837540 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metabolic reprogramming enhances its malignant behaviors and drug resistance, which is regulated by POU domain transcription factors. This study explored the effect of POU domain class 2 transcription factor 1 (POU2F1) on metabolic reprogramming in colon cancer. The POU2F1 expression was analyzed in GEO dataset, TCGA cohorts and human colon cancer tissues by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry. The effects of altered POU2F1 expression on proliferation, glucose metabolism and oxaliplatin sensitivity of colon cancer cells were tested. The impacts of POU2F1 on aldolase A (ALDOA) expression and malignant behaviors of colon cancer cells were examined. We found that up-regulated POU2F1 expression was associated with worse prognosis and oxaliplatin resistance in colon cancer. POU2F1 enhanced the proliferation, aerobic glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity, but reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis in colon cancer cells, dependent on up-regulating ALDOA expression. Mechanistically, POU2F1 directly bound to the ALDOA promoter to enhance the ALDOA promoter activity in colon cancer cells. Moreover, activation of the POU2F1-ALDOA axis decreased the sensitivity to oxaliplatin in colon cancer cells. These data indicate that the POU2F1-ALDOA axis promotes the progression and oxaliplatin resistance by enhancing metabolic reprogramming in colon cancer. Our findings suggest that the POU2F1-ALDOA axis may be new therapeutic targets to overcome oxaliplatin resistance in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguan Lin
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Linda Oyang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Shiming Tan
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Pin Yi
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Qing Pan
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan China
| | - Shan Rao
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Yaqian Han
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Min Su
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Xia Luo
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Yiqing Yang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Lixia Yang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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16
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Audesse AJ, Karashchuk G, Gardell ZA, Lakis NS, Maybury-Lewis SY, Brown AK, Leeman DS, Teo YV, Neretti N, Anthony DC, Brodsky AS, Webb AE. FOXO3 regulates a common genomic program in aging and glioblastoma stem cells. Aging Cancer 2021; 2:137-159. [PMID: 36303712 PMCID: PMC9601604 DOI: 10.1002/aac2.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, age-associated malignant glioma that contains populations of cancer stem cells. These glioma stem cells (GSCs) evade therapeutic interventions and repopulate tumors due to their existence in a slowly cycling quiescent state. Although aging is well known to increase cancer initiation, the extent to which the mechanisms supporting GSC tumorigenicity are related to physiological aging remains unknown. Aims Here, we investigate the transcriptional mechanisms by which Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3), a transcriptional regulator that promotes healthy aging, affects GSC function and the extent to which FOXO3 transcriptional networks are dysregulated in aging and GBM. Methods and results We performed transcriptome analysis of clinical GBM tumors and observed that high FOXO3 activity is associated with gene expression signatures of stem cell quiescence, reduced oxidative metabolism, and improved patient outcomes. Consistent with these findings, we show that elevated FOXO3 activity significantly reduces the proliferation of GBM-derived GSCs. Using RNA-seq, we find that functional ablation of FOXO3 in GSCs rewires the transcriptional circuitry associated with metabolism, epigenetic stability, quiescence, and differentiation. Since FOXO3 has been implicated in healthy aging, we then investigated the extent to which it regulates common transcriptional programs in aging neural stem cells (NSCs) and GSCs. We uncover a shared transcriptional program and, most strikingly, find that FOXO3-regulated pathways are associated with altered mitochondrial functions in both aging and GBM. Conclusions This work identifies a FOXO-associated transcriptional program that correlates between GSCs and aging NSCs and is enriched for metabolic and stemness pathways connected with GBM and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Audesse
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Galina Karashchuk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lifespan Academic Medical Center and Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Zachary A. Gardell
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Nelli S. Lakis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sun Y. Maybury-Lewis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Abigail K. Brown
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Dena S. Leeman
- Department of Discovery Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yee Voan Teo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Nicola Neretti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Douglas C. Anthony
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lifespan Academic Medical Center and Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Alexander S. Brodsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lifespan Academic Medical Center and Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Ashley E. Webb
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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17
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Fatma H, Siddique HR, Maurya SK. The multiple faces of NANOG in cancer: a therapeutic target to chemosensitize therapy-resistant cancers. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1885-1900. [PMID: 34693722 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NANOG regulates self-renewal and pluripotency in embryonic cells, and its downregulation leads to cell differentiation. Recent studies have linked upregulation of NANOG in various cancers and the regulation of expression of different molecules, and vice versa, to induce proliferation, metastasis, invasion and chemoresistance. Thus NANOG is an oncogene that functions by inducing stem cells' circuitries and heterogeneity in cancers. Understanding NANOG's role in various cancers may lead to it becoming a therapeutic target to halt cancer progression. The NANOG network can also be targeted to resensitize resistant cancer cells to conventional therapies. The current review focuses on NANOG regulation in the various signaling networks leading to cancer progression and chemoresistance, and highlights the therapeutic aspect of targeting NANOG in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Fatma
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Hifzur R Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Santosh K Maurya
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
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18
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Oliveira BSAD, de Assis ACC, Souza NM, Ferreira LFR, Soriano RN, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Nanotherapeutic approach to tackle chemotherapeutic resistance of cancer stem cells. Life Sci 2021; 279:119667. [PMID: 34087280 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Estimates indicate that cancer will become the leading cause of mortality worldwide in the future. Tumorigenesis is a complex process that involves self-sufficiency in signs of growth, insensitivity to anti-growth signals, prevention of apoptosis, unlimited replication, sustained angiogenesis, tissue invasion, and metastasis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have an important role in tumor development and resistance. Here we will approach phenotypic plasticity capacity, highly efficient DNA repair systems, anti-apoptotic machinery, sustained stemness features, interaction with the tumor microenvironment, and Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog signaling pathways. The researches about CSCs as a target in cancer treatment has been growing. Many different options have pointed beneficial results, such as pathways and CSC-surface markers targeting. Besides its limitations, nanotherapeutics have emerged as a potential strategy in this context since they aim to improve pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and reduce the side effects observed in traditional treatments. Nanoparticles have been studied in this field, mostly for drug delivery and a multitherapy approach. Another widely researched approaches in this area are related to heat therapy, such as photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy and magnetic hyperthermia, besides molecular targeting. This review will contemplate the most relevant studies that have shown the effects of nanotherapeutics. In conclusion, although the studies analyzed are mostly preclinical, we believe that there is strong evidence that nanoparticles can increase the chances of a better prognosis to cancer in the future. It is also essential to transpose these findings to the clinic to confirm and better understand the role of nanotherapeutics in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Stefane Alves de Oliveira
- Undergradute student, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG 35032-620, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Correa de Assis
- Undergradute student, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG 35032-620, Brazil
| | - Natália Melo Souza
- Undergradute student, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG 35032-620, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, 49032-490 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Renato Nery Soriano
- Division of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Basic Life Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG 35010-177, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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19
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Sharma RK, Calderon C, Vivas-Mejia PE. Targeting Non-coding RNA for Glioblastoma Therapy: The Challenge of Overcomes the Blood-Brain Barrier. Front Med Technol 2021; 3:678593. [PMID: 35047931 PMCID: PMC8757885 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.678593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant form of all primary brain tumors, and it is responsible for around 200,000 deaths each year worldwide. The standard therapy for GBM treatment includes surgical resection followed by temozolomide-based chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. With this treatment, the median survival rate of GBM patients is only 15 months after its initial diagnosis. Therefore, novel and better treatment modalities for GBM treatment are urgently needed. Mounting evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have critical roles as regulators of gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are among the most studied ncRNAs in health and disease. Dysregulation of ncRNAs is observed in virtually all tumor types, including GBMs. Several dysregulated miRNAs and lncRNAs have been identified in GBM cell lines and GBM tumor samples. Some of them have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and as targets for GBM treatment. Most ncRNA-based therapies use oligonucleotide RNA molecules which are normally of short life in circulation. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been designed to increase the half-life of oligonucleotide RNAs. An additional challenge faced not only by RNA oligonucleotides but for therapies designed for brain-related conditions, is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is the anatomical barrier that protects the brain from undesirable agents. Although some NPs have been derivatized at their surface to cross the BBB, optimal NPs to deliver oligonucleotide RNA into GBM cells in the brain are currently unavailable. In this review, we describe first the current treatments for GBM therapy. Next, we discuss the most relevant miRNAs and lncRNAs suggested as targets for GBM therapy. Then, we compare the current drug delivery systems (nanocarriers/NPs) for RNA oligonucleotide delivery, the challenges faced to send drugs through the BBB, and the strategies to overcome this barrier. Finally, we categorize the critical points where research should be the focus in order to design optimal NPs for drug delivery into the brain; and thus move the Oligonucleotide RNA-based therapies from the bench to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit K. Sharma
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Carlos Calderon
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Pablo E. Vivas-Mejia
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, United States
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20
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Ali S, Xia Q, Muhammad T, Liu L, Meng X, Bars-Cortina D, Khan AA, Huang Y, Dong L. Glioblastoma Therapy: Rationale for a Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Vehicle to Carry Recombinant Viruses. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021. [PMID: 34319509 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10207-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Evasion of growth suppression is among the prominent hallmarks of cancer. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and p53 tumor-suppressive pathways are compromised in most human cancers, including glioblastoma (GB). Hence, these signaling pathways are an ideal point of focus for novel cancer therapeutics. Recombinant viruses can selectivity kill cancer cells and carry therapeutic genes to tumors. Specifically, oncolytic viruses (OV) have been successfully employed for gene delivery in GB animal models and showed potential to neutralize immunosuppression at the tumor site. However, the associated systemic immunogenicity, inefficient transduction of GB cells, and inadequate distribution to metastatic tumors have been the major bottlenecks in clinical studies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with tumor-tropic properties and immune privilege, can improve OVs targeting. Remarkably, combining the two approaches can address their individual issues. Herein, we summarize findings to advocate the reactivation of tumor suppressors p53 and PTEN in GB treatment and use MSCs as a "Trojan horse" to carry oncolytic viral cargo to disseminated tumor beds. The integration of MSCs and OVs can emerge as the new paradigm in cancer treatment.
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21
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Mansoori B, Najafi S, Mohammadi A, AsadollahSeraj H, Savadi P, Mansoori B, Nazari A, Mokhtarzadeh A, Roshani E, Duijf PH, Cho WCS, Baradaran B. The synergy between miR-486-5p and tamoxifen causes profound cell death of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111925. [PMID: 34323695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of malignancy in women. A subset of breast cancers show resistance to endocrine-based therapies. The estrogen receptor (ER) plays a critical role in developing hormone-dependent BC. Loss of ER contributes to resistance to tamoxifen therapy and may contribute to mortality. Thus, it is crucial to overcome this problem. Here, using luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analyses, we demonstrate that the microRNA miR-486-5p targets HMGA1 mRNA, decreasing its mRNA and protein levels in ER-positive (ER+) BC cells. Consistently, miR-486-5p is significantly downregulated, whereas HMGA1 is considerably upregulated in ER+ BC samples. Remarkably, while both miR-486-5p and tamoxifen individually cause G2/M cell cycle arrest, combination treatment synergistically causes profound cell death, specifically in tamoxifen-resistant ER+ cells but not in tamoxifen-sensitive ER+ cells. Combined treatment with miR-486-5p and tamoxifen also additively reduces cell migration, invasion, colony formation, mammary spheroid formation and a CD24-CD44+ cell population, representing decreased cancer stemness. However, these phenomena are independent of the tamoxifen responsiveness of the ER+ BC cells. Thus, miR-486-5p and tamoxifen exhibit additive and synergistic tumor-suppressive effects, most importantly causing profound cell death specifically in tamoxifen-resistant BC cells. Therefore, our work suggests that combining miR-486-5p replacement therapy with tamoxifen treatment is a promising strategy to treat endocrine therapy-resistant BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mansoori
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Pouria Savadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mansoori
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Nazari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elmira Roshani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Pascal Hg Duijf
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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22
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Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small cell subpopulation in many cancer types and are involved in various processes of tumor progression, such as initiation, metastasis and recurrence. The distinguished features of CSCs include a variety of biological properties, including self-renewal, multidifferentiation, stemness marker expression, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Despite their great potential of clinical importance, the CSC signaling pathways are not well understood at the molecular level. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of several cellular, physiological, and developmental processes. Aberrant miRNA expression is associated with many human diseases, including cancer. miRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of CSC properties; therefore, a better understanding of miRNA-induced modulation of CSC gene expression could aid in the identification of promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In the present review, we summarize the major findings of the impacts of miRNAs on CSC signaling networks; we then discuss the recent advances that have improved our understanding of CSC regulation by miRNA-mediated signaling networks and that may lead to the development of miRNA therapeutics specifically targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yoshida
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Lopez-Bertoni H, Laterra J. Opinion: miRNAs - The new wave of molecular cancer therapeutics. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101064. [PMID: 33721829 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutting-edge advances in nanomedicine and the recent approval of two siRNA-based therapeutics by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has rekindled the interest in RNA interference (RNAi) as vehicles for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. In this perspective, we will briefly discuss how miRNAs are becoming the next-generation RNAi therapeutic, the advances in delivery vehicles for in vivo miRNA delivery, and where miRNA technology stands in terms of clinical translation.
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24
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Miyoshi N, Haraguchi N, Mizushima T, Ishii H, Yamamoto H, Mori M. Targeting cancer stem cells in refractory cancer. Regen Ther 2021; 17:13-9. [PMID: 33598510 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although common cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have recently improved and yielded good results, evaluated as tumor shrinkage, disease recurrence is still a common event for most cancer patients. This is termed refractory cancer. This tumor regrowth following therapy is generally thought to be caused by a small, specific population of tumor cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Similar to other stem cells, CSCs have the capacity for self-renewal and multipotent differentiation, and they have been identified in many tumor types based on cell surface protein expression. This specific cell population has stemness characteristics as examined by serial transplantation in animal models. Previous studies have developed a specific signature of cell surface markers and biological functions that can identify CSCs in many solid tumors. In this review, we summarize the characterization of CSCs using new techniques for identifying and quantifying them in situ. These techniques and concepts could be valuable for evaluating the effects of therapies on this cell population. Finally, we conclude by discussing several unique preclinical treatment strategies to targets CSCs, such as reprogramming CSCs or inducing attack by immune cells. Therapeutic and diagnostic methodologies that can target and quantify CSCs will be valuable tools for eradicating refractory cancer.
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25
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Pisano A, Griñan-Lison C, Farace C, Fiorito G, Fenu G, Jiménez G, Scognamillo F, Peña-Martin J, Naccarati A, Pröll J, Atzmüller S, Pardini B, Attene F, Ibba G, Solinas MG, Bernhard D, Marchal JA, Madeddu R. The Inhibitory Role of miR-486-5p on CSC Phenotype Has Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113432. [PMID: 33227890 PMCID: PMC7699298 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide and the second cause of cancer deaths. Increasing evidences supports the idea that the poor prognosis of patients is related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), a cell population able to drive cancer recurrence and metastasis. The deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a role in the formation of CSC. We investigated the role of hsa-miR-486-5p (miR-486-5p) in CRC, CSCs, and metastasis, in order to reach a better understanding of the biomolecular and epigenetic mechanisms mir-486-5p-related. The expression of miR-486-5p was investigated in three different matrices from CRC patients and controls and in CSCs obtained from the CRC cell lines HCT-116, HT-29, and T-84. In the human study, miR-486-5p was up-regulated in serum and stool of CRC patients in comparison with healthy controls but down-regulated in tumor tissue when compared with normal mucosa. miR-486-5p was also down-regulated in the sera of metastatic patients. In vitro, miR-486-5p was down-regulated in CSC models and it induced an inhibitory effect on stem factors and oncogenes in the main pathways of CSCs. Our results provide a step forward in understanding the role of mir-486-5p in CRC and CSC, and suggest that further studies are needed to investigate its diagnostic and prognostic power, possibly in combination with other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pisano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
| | - Carmen Griñan-Lison
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristiano Farace
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fiorito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Gema Jiménez
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Scognamillo
- O.U. of Surgery I (Surgical Pathology), A.O.U. Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Jesùs Peña-Martin
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.N.); (B.P.)
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy
| | - Johannes Pröll
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria;
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Sabine Atzmüller
- Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria;
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), c/o IRCCS Candiolo, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.N.); (B.P.)
- Molecular Epidemiology and Exposome Research Unit Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Attene
- O.U. of Surgery I (Surgical Pathology), A.O.U. Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (F.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Gabriele Ibba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
| | - Maria Giuliana Solinas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
| | - David Bernhard
- Division of Pathophysiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria;
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.G.-L.); (G.J.); (J.P.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Organization University Hospitals of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modeling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.A.M.); (R.M.); Tel.: +34-958249321 (J.A.M.); +39-079228569 (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (G.F.); (G.I.); (M.G.S.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (J.A.M.); (R.M.); Tel.: +34-958249321 (J.A.M.); +39-079228569 (R.M.)
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26
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Barone C, Buccarelli M, Alessandrini F, Pagin M, Rigoldi L, Sambruni I, Favaro R, Ottolenghi S, Pallini R, Ricci-Vitiani L, Malatesta P, Nicolis SK. Sox2-dependent maintenance of mouse oligodendroglioma involves the Sox2-mediated downregulation of Cdkn2b, Ebf1, Zfp423, and Hey2. Glia 2020; 69:579-593. [PMID: 32975900 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) are essential for tumorigenesis. The transcription factor Sox2 is overexpressed in brain gliomas, and is essential to maintain CSC. In mouse high-grade glioma pHGG cells in culture, Sox2 deletion causes cell proliferation arrest and inability to reform tumors after transplantation in vivo; in Sox2-deleted cells, 134 genes are derepressed. To identify genes mediating Sox2 deletion effects, we overexpressed into pHGG cells nine among the most derepressed genes, and identified four genes, Ebf1, Hey2, Zfp423, and Cdkn2b, that strongly reduced cell proliferation in vitro and brain tumorigenesis in vivo. CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis of each gene, individually or in combination (Ebf1 + Cdkn2b), significantly antagonized the proliferation arrest caused by Sox2 deletion. The same genes also repressed clonogenicity in primary human glioblastoma-derived CSC-like lines. These experiments identify a network of critical tumor suppressive Sox2-targets whose inhibition by Sox2 is involved in glioma CSC maintenance, defining new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Barone
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Buccarelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandrini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Miriam Pagin
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Rigoldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Sambruni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca Favaro
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Ottolenghi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Pallini
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Ricci-Vitiani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Malatesta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia K Nicolis
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Adip G. Bhargav
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester MN 55905 USA
- Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo Clinic 4500 San Pablo Rd. Jacksonville FL 32224 USA
| | - Sujan K. Mondal
- Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine 200 Lothrop Street Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Cesar A. Garcia
- Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo Clinic 4500 San Pablo Rd. Jacksonville FL 32224 USA
| | - Jordan J. Green
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Neurosurgery, Oncology, Ophthalmology, Materials Science and Engineering, and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Bloomberg‐Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute for Nanobiotechnology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 400 N. Broadway, Smith 5017 Baltimore MD 21231 USA
| | - Alfredo Quiñones‐Hinojosa
- Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo Clinic 4500 San Pablo Rd. Jacksonville FL 32224 USA
- Departments of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery/Audiology Neuroscience, Cancer Biology, and Anatomy Mayo Clinic 4500 San Pablo Rd. Jacksonville FL 32224 USA
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Luly KM, Choi J, Rui Y, Green JJ, Jackson EM. Safety considerations for nanoparticle gene delivery in pediatric brain tumors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1805-1815. [PMID: 32698671 PMCID: PMC7441302 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Current standard of care for many CNS tumors involves surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and/or radiation. Some pediatric brain tumor types are infiltrative and diffuse in nature, which reduces the role for surgery. Furthermore, children are extremely vulnerable to neurological sequelae from surgery and radiation therapy, thus alternative approaches are in critical need. As molecular targets underlying various cancers become more clearly defined, there is an increasing push for targeted gene therapies. Viral vectors and nonviral nanoparticles have been thoroughly investigated for gene delivery and show promise as vectors for gene therapy for pediatric brain cancer. Here, we review inorganic and organic materials in development for nanoparticle gene delivery to the brain with a particular focus on safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Luly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - John Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Yuan Rui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- The Institute for Nanobiotechnology & The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- The Institute for Nanobiotechnology & The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology & Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering & Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Eric M Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Kim J, Mondal SK, Tzeng SY, Rui Y, Al-kharboosh R, Kozielski KK, Bhargav AG, Garcia CA, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Green JJ. Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(beta-amino ester)-Based Nanoparticles for Suicide Gene Therapy Enhance Brain Penetration and Extend Survival in a Preclinical Human Glioblastoma Orthotopic Xenograft Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2943-2955. [PMID: 33463272 PMCID: PMC8035708 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most devastating brain cancer, and cures remain elusive with currently available neurosurgical, pharmacological, and radiation approaches. While retrovirus- and adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy using DNA encoding herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) and prodrug ganciclovir has been suggested as a promising strategy, a nonviral approach for treatment in an orthotopic human primary brain tumor model has not previously been demonstrated. Delivery challenges include nanoparticle penetration through brain tumors, efficient cancer cell uptake, endosomal escape to the cytosol, and biodegradability. To meet these challenges, we synthesized poly(ethylene glycol)-modified poly(beta-amino ester) (PEG-PBAE) polymers to improve extracellular delivery and coencapsulated plasmid DNA with end-modified poly(beta-amino ester) (ePBAE) polymers to improve intracellular delivery as well. We created and evaluated a library of PEG-PBAE/ePBAE nanoparticles (NPs) for effective gene therapy against two independent primary human stem-like brain tumor initiating cells, a putative target to prevent GBM recurrence. The optimally engineered PEG-PBAE/ePBAE NP formulation demonstrated 54 and 82% transfection efficacies in GBM1A and BTIC375 cells respectively, in comparison to 37 and 66% for optimized PBAE NPs without PEG. The leading PEG-PBAE NP formulation also maintained sub-250 nm particle size up to 5 h, while PBAE NPs without PEG showed aggregation over time to micrometer-sized complexes. The comparative advantage demonstrated in vitro successfully translated into improved in vivo diffusion, with a higher amount of PEG-PBAE NPs penetrating to a distance of 2 mm from the injection site. A significant increase in median survival from 53.5 to 67 days by PEG-PBAE/pHSV-tk NP and systemic ganciclovir treatment compared to a control group in orthotopic murine model of human glioblastoma demonstrates the potential of PEG-PBAE-based NPs as an effective gene therapy platform for the treatment of human brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Sujan K. Mondal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224
| | - Stephany Y. Tzeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Yuan Rui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | | | - Kristen K. Kozielski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Adip G. Bhargav
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Cesar A. Garcia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224
| | | | - Jordan J. Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer, and the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231
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30
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Kong Y, Li Y, Luo Y, Zhu J, Zheng H, Gao B, Guo X, Li Z, Chen R, Chen C. circNFIB1 inhibits lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis via the miR-486-5p/PIK3R1/VEGF-C axis in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:82. [PMID: 32366257 PMCID: PMC7197141 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with lymph node (LN)-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have extremely poor survival rates. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a newly discovered type of endogenous noncoding RNAs, have been proposed to mediate the progression of diverse types of tumors. However, the role and underlying regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in the LN metastasis of PDAC remain unknown. METHODS Next-generation sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed circRNAs between PDAC and normal adjacent tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the functional role of circNFIB1. RNA pulldown and luciferase assays were performed to examine the binding of circNFIB1 and miR-486-5p. RESULTS In the present study, we identified that a novel circRNA (circNFIB1, hsa_circ_0086375) was downregulated in PDAC and negatively associated with LN metastasis in PDAC patients. Functionally, circNFIB1 knockdown promoted lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of PDAC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circNFIB1 functioned as a sponge of miR-486-5p, and partially reversed the effect of miR-486-5p. Moreover, circNFIB1 attenuated the oncogenic effect of miR-486-5p and consequently upregulated PIK3R1 expression, which further downregulated VEGF-C expression through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and ultimately suppressed lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis in PDAC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide novel insight into the underlying mechanism of circRNA-mediated LN metastasis of PDAC and suggest that circNFIB1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for LN metastasis in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Kong
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107th Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuming Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107th Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanhao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Gao
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107th Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rufu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changhao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China.
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