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Bosisio FM, Van Herck Y, Messiaen J, Bolognesi MM, Marcelis L, Van Haele M, Cattoretti G, Antoranz A, De Smet F. Next-Generation Pathology Using Multiplexed Immunohistochemistry: Mapping Tissue Architecture at Single-Cell Level. Front Oncol 2022; 12:918900. [PMID: 35992810 PMCID: PMC9389457 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.918900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell omics aim at charting the different types and properties of all cells in the human body in health and disease. Over the past years, myriads of cellular phenotypes have been defined by methods that mostly required cells to be dissociated and removed from their original microenvironment, thus destroying valuable information about their location and interactions. Growing insights, however, are showing that such information is crucial to understand complex disease states. For decades, pathologists have interpreted cells in the context of their tissue using low-plex antibody- and morphology-based methods. Novel technologies for multiplexed immunohistochemistry are now rendering it possible to perform extended single-cell expression profiling using dozens of protein markers in the spatial context of a single tissue section. The combination of these novel technologies with extended data analysis tools allows us now to study cell-cell interactions, define cellular sociology, and describe detailed aberrations in tissue architecture, as such gaining much deeper insights in disease states. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the available technologies for multiplexed immunohistochemistry, their advantages and challenges. We also provide the principles on how to interpret high-dimensional data in a spatial context. Similar to the fact that no one can just “read” a genome, pathological assessments are in dire need of extended digital data repositories to bring diagnostics and tissue interpretation to the next level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Maria Bosisio
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Frederik De Smet, ; Francesca Maria Bosisio,
| | | | - Julie Messiaen
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maddalena Maria Bolognesi
- Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Lukas Marcelis
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Haele
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgio Cattoretti
- Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Asier Antoranz
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik De Smet
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- The Laboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Frederik De Smet, ; Francesca Maria Bosisio,
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