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Zhou T, Chen G, Xu Y, Zhang S, Tang H, Qiu T, Guo W. CDC42-mediated Wnt signaling facilitates odontogenic differentiation of DPCs during tooth root elongation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:255. [PMID: 37726858 PMCID: PMC10510226 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDC42 is a member of Rho GTPase family, acting as a molecular switch to regulate cytoskeleton organization and junction maturation of epithelium in organ development. Tooth root pattern is a highly complicated and dynamic process that dependens on interaction of epithelium and mesenchyme. However, there is a lack of understanding of the role of CDC42 during tooth root elongation. METHODS The dynamic expression of CDC42 was traced during tooth development through immunofluorescence staining. Then we constructed a model of lentivirus or inhibitor mediated Cdc42 knockdown in Herwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells and dental papilla cells (DPCs), respectively. Long-term influence of CDC42 abnormality was assessed via renal capsule transplantation and in situ injection of alveolar socket. RESULTS CDC42 displayed a dynamic spatiotemporal pattern, with abundant expression in HERS cells and apical DPCs in developing root. Lentivirus-mediated Cdc42 knockdown in HERS cells didn't disrupt cell junctions as well as epithelium-mesenchyme transition. However, inhibition of CDC42 in DPCs undermined cell proliferation, migration and odontogenic differentiation. Wnt/β-catenin signaling as the downstream target of CDC42 modulated DPCs' odontogenic differentiation. The transplantation and in situ injection experiments verified that loss of CDC42 impeded root extension via inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of DPCs. CONCLUSIONS We innovatively revealed that CDC42 was responsible for guiding root elongation in a mesenchyme-specific manner. Furthermore, CDC42-mediated canonical Wnt signaling regulated odontogenic differentiation of DPCs during root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huilin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Huang Z, Yang R, Li R, Zuo Y, Gu F, He M, Bian Z. Mesenchymal Mycn participates in odontoblastic lineage commitment by regulating Krüppel-like Factor 4 (Klf4) in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:78. [PMID: 35193672 PMCID: PMC8864903 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02749-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Commitment of mouse dental papilla cells (mDPCs) to the odontoblast lineage is critical for dentin formation, and this biological process is regulated by a complex transcription factor network. The transcription factor Mycn is a proto-oncogene that plays an important role in tumorigenesis and normal embryonic development. An early study revealed that Mycn is exclusively expressed in dental mesenchymal cells at E15.5, which implies a potential role of Mycn in dentinogenesis. However, the role of Mycn in dentin formation remains elusive. Thus, it is of considerable interest to elucidate the role of Mycn in dentin formation. Methods Mycnfl/fl; Osr2IresCre (MycnOsr2) and Mycnfl/fl; K14Cre (MycnK14) transgenic mice were generated, and micro-CT scans were performed to quantitatively analyse the volumetric differences in the molars and incisors of the mutants and their littermates. Mycn was also knocked down in vitro, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS) were conducted. Cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&Tag) analysis and dual luciferase assays were performed to identify direct downstream targets of Mycn. Immunofluorescence and immunochemistry staining and western blotting (WB) were performed to analyse the expression levels of potential targets. Quantitative PCR, WB, ALP and ARS were performed to test the rescue efficiency. Results Mesenchymal ablation of Mycn (MycnOsr2) led to defective dentin formation, while epithelial deletion (MycnK14) had no obvious effects on tooth development. ALP and ARS staining revealed that the commitment capacity of mDPCs to the odontoblast lineage was compromised in MycnOsr2 mice. CUT&Tag analysis identified Klf4 as a potential direct target of Mycn, and a dual luciferase reporter assay verified that Mycn could bind to the promotor region of Klf4 and directly activate its transcription. Reciprocally, forced expression of Klf4 partially recovered the odontoblastic differentiation capacity of mDPCs with Mycn knockdown. Conclusions Our results elucidated that mesenchymal Mycn modulates the odontoblastic commitment of dental papilla cells by directly regulating Klf4. Our study illustrated the role of Mycn in dentin development and furthers our general comprehension of the transcription factor networks involved in the dentinogenesis process. Thus, these results may provide new insight into dentin hypoplasia and bioengineered dentin regeneration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02749-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruihuan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruyi Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yining Zuo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Gu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miao He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhuan Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Abstract
The development and repair of dentin are strictly regulated by hundreds of genes. Abnormal dentin development is directly caused by gene mutations and dysregulation. Understanding and mastering this signal network is of great significance to the study of tooth development, tissue regeneration, aging, and repair and the treatment of dental diseases. It is necessary to understand the formation and repair mechanism of dentin in order to better treat the dentin lesions caused by various abnormal properties, whether it is to explore the reasons for the formation of dentin defects or to develop clinical drugs to strengthen the method of repairing dentin. Molecular biology of genes related to dentin development and repair are the most important basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shouliang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Nie X, Ricupero CL, Jiao K, Yang P, Mao JJ. mTOR deletion in neural crest cells disrupts cardiac outflow tract remodeling and causes a spectrum of cardiac defects through the mTORC1 pathway. Dev Biol 2021; 477:241-250. [PMID: 34052210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A critical cell type participating in cardiac outflow tract development is a subpopulation of the neural crest cells, the cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), whose defect causes a spectrum of cardiovascular abnormalities. Accumulating evidence indicates that mTOR, which belongs to the PI3K-related kinase family and impacts multiple signaling pathways in a variety of contexts, plays a pivotal role for NCC development. Here, we investigated functional roles of mTOR for cardiac neural crest development using several lines of mouse genetic models. We found that disruption of mTOR caused NCC defects and failure of cardiac outflow tract separation, which resulted in a spectrum of cardiac defects including persistent truncus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect and ventricular wall defect. Specifically, mutant neural crest cells showed reduced migration into the cardiac OFT and prematurely exited the cell cycle. A number of critical factors and fundamental signaling pathways, which are important for neural crest and cardiomyocyte development, were impaired. Moreover, actin dynamics was disrupted by mTOR deletion. Finally, by phenotyping the neural crest Rptor and Rictor knockout mice respectively, we demonstrate that mTOR acts principally through the mTORC1 pathway for cardiac neural crest cells. Altogether, these data established essential roles of mTOR for cardiac NCC development and imply that dysregulation of mTOR in NCCs may underline a spectrum of cardiac defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuguang Nie
- Center for Birth Defects Research,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Christopher L Ricupero
- College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kai Jiao
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Peixin Yang
- Center for Birth Defects Research,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeremy J Mao
- College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, USA.
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杜 文, 罗 天, 于 海. [The Spatiotemporal Expression Patterns of Mechanical-Stress Related Regulatory Proteins in Mouse Molar Development]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2021; 52:82-86. [PMID: 33474894 PMCID: PMC10408938 DOI: 10.12182/20210160105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to better understand the role of mechanical stress in early tooth development, we examined the spatiotemporal expression patterns of mechanical-stress related regulatory protein (actin filament, or F-actin), non-muscle myosin ⅡB (NMⅡB) and vinculin at different stages of tooth development in mice. METHODS Mouse first mandible molars were used as the research model. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression patterns of F-actin, NMⅡB and Vinculin, the key molecules constituting the chemical mechanical system, at bud, cap, early bell and late bell stages of tooth. RESULTS F-actin, NMⅡB and vinculin were all expressed in the tooth epithelium in an extensive or a limited way at different stages of tooth development, while F-actin was also expressed steadily in the mesenchymal cells. The quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity showed that F-actin and NMⅡB exhibited significantly increase in the early stage of tooth development, but then dropped to their basal levels at the end of the late bell stage and the early bell stage respectively, with the differences of expression changes between successive developmental stages showing statistically significance ( P<0.05). Vinculin expression, however, remained at a relatively constant level except for the late bell stage when vinculin expression was slightly elevated compared to that of the early bell stage ( P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that mechanical stress is involved in early tooth development. F-actin may have an important role in dispersing and transmitting mechanical stress while NMⅡB may participate in tooth epithelial invagination and cusps formation. The findings also suggest that vinculin can respond to the mechanical stimuli and its interaction with cell adhesion molecules may play a role in tooth development. The mechanism of how actomyosin and cell adhesion interact with each other in regulating tooth development still needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- 文 杜
- 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 修复Ⅱ科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 天 罗
- 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 修复Ⅱ科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 海洋 于
- 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心 四川大学华西口腔医院 修复Ⅱ科 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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