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Chen J, Chen W, Zhang J, Zhao H, Cui J, Wu J, Shi A. Dual effects of endogenous formaldehyde on the organism and drugs for its removal. J Appl Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 37766419 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous formaldehyde (FA) is produced in the human body via various mechanisms to preserve healthy energy metabolism and safeguard the organism. However, endogenous FA can have several negative effects on the body through epigenetic alterations, including cancer growth promotion; neuronal, hippocampal and endothelial damages; atherosclerosis acceleration; haemopoietic stem cell destruction and haemopoietic cell production reduction. Certain medications with antioxidant effects, such as glutathione, vitamin E, resveratrol, alpha lipoic acid and polyphenols, lessen the detrimental effects of endogenous FA by reducing oxidative stress, directly scavenging endogenous FA or promoting its degradation. This study offers fresh perspectives for managing illnesses associated with endogenous FA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wenhui Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jinjia Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Cui
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Anhua Shi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Department of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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2
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Murata K, Saibe Y, Uchida M, Aono M, Misawa R, Ikeuchi Y, Ishii K. Two-photon, red light uncaging of alkyl radicals from organorhodium(III) phthalocyanine complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11280-11283. [PMID: 36124703 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03672j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A stepwise two-photon, red light excitation of organorhodium(III) phthalocyanine complexes was found to induce the activation of the axial metal-carbon bond to generate alkyl radicals/aldehydes. The cooperative action of the photouncaging reaction and the photochemical generation of reactive oxygen species were indicated to induce the cell deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Murata
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Yuki Saibe
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Mayu Uchida
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Aono
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Ryuji Misawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Yoshiho Ikeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Kazuyuki Ishii
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
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3
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Lipskerov FA, Sheshukova EV, Komarova TV. Approaches to Formaldehyde Measurement: From Liquid Biological Samples to Cells and Organisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6642. [PMID: 35743083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is the simplest aldehyde present both in the environment and in living organisms. FA is an extremely reactive compound capable of protein crosslinking and DNA damage. For a long time, FA was considered a “biochemical waste” and a by-product of normal cellular metabolism, but in recent decades the picture has changed. As a result, the need arose for novel instruments and approaches to monitor and measure not only environmental FA in water, cosmetics, and household products, but also in food, beverages and biological samples including cells and even organisms. Despite numerous protocols being developed for in vitro and in cellulo FA assessment, many of them have remained at the “proof-of-concept” stage. We analyze the suitability of different methods developed for non-biological objects, and present an overview of the recently developed approaches, including chemically-synthesized probes and genetically encoded FA-sensors for in cellulo and in vivo FA monitoring. We also discuss the prospects of classical methods such as chromatography and spectrophotometry, and how they have been adapted in response to the demand for precise, selective and highly sensitive evaluation of FA concentration fluctuations in biological samples. The main objectives of this review is to summarize data on the main approaches for FA content measurement in liquid biological samples, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of each method; to report the progress in development of novel molecules suitable for application in living systems; and, finally, to discuss genetically encoded FA-sensors based on existing natural biological FA-responsive elements.
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Otero C, Miranda-Rojas S, Llancalahuén FM, Fuentes JA, Atala C, González-Silva G, Verdugo D, Sierra-Rosales P, Moreno A, Gordillo-Fuenzalida F. Biochemical characterization of Peumus boldus fruits: Insights of its antioxidant properties through a theoretical approach. Food Chem 2022; 370:131012. [PMID: 34500293 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Peumus boldus is an endemic tree species from Chile whose leaves have been the focus of study for decades given that their infusions are reported to relieve rheumatic symptoms, headache, dyspepsia, urinary tract inflammation, and symptoms of other illnesses. These health properties have been studied mainly using leaves and bark, then it is relevant to know more about these properties in different parts of the plant. Considering the importance of P. boldus fruits in the diet of some rural populations, we analyzed their properties to explore its impact on the Chilean population health. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids such as boldine, although aporphine N-methyl-laurotetanine was the most abundant. In addition, flavonoids catechin, chrysin and quercetin were also found in the extract. Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of the fruit extract were invitro tested by using a murine macrophage cell model, observing that a diluted fraction of the extract was not cytotoxic, but showed anti-inflammatory activity, which is likely attributed to antioxidants activities. By means of quantum chemical calculations, we calculated the redox potential of the respective alkaloids and flavonoids found in the extract. Results suggest a synergistic effect between alkaloids and flavonoids, where boldine and N-methyl-laurotetanine showed similar antioxidant properties. Finally, we present a description of the oxidation mechanisms for both groups of molecules which will sustain P. boldus fruit biological properties, in order to give this kind of fruits scientific value focusing on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Otero
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, República 252, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Miranda-Rojas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 275, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe M Llancalahuén
- Laboratorio de Patofisiología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; Núcleo Milenio de Enfermedades Asociadas a Canales Iónicos (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Juan A Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Atala
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Campus Curauma, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Gloria González-Silva
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda. San Miguel 3605, Talca, Chile
| | - Diego Verdugo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda. San Miguel 3605, Talca, Chile
| | - Paulina Sierra-Rosales
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, P.O Box 8940577, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adrián Moreno
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 217, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Gordillo-Fuenzalida
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda. San Miguel 3605, Talca, Chile.
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5
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Rincón-Iglesias M, Rodrigo I, B Berganza L, Serea ESA, Plazaola F, Lanceros-Méndez S, Lizundia E, Reguera J. Core-Shell Fe 3O 4@Au Nanorod-Loaded Gels for Tunable and Anisotropic Magneto- and Photothermia. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:7130-7140. [PMID: 35089004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthermia therapeutic treatments require improved multifunctional materials with tunable synergetic properties. Here, we report on the synthesis of Fe3O4@Au core-shell nanorods and their subsequent incorporation into an agarose hydrogel to obtain anisotropic magnetic and optical properties for magneto- and photothermal anisotropic transductions. Highly monodisperse ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 nanorods with tunable size were synthesized using a solvothermal method by varying the amount of hexadecylamine capping ligands. A gold shell was coated onto Fe3O4 nanorods by the intermediate formation of core-satellite structures and a subsequent controlled growth process, leading to an optical response variation from the visible to the near-infrared (NIR) region. The nanorods were oriented within an agarose hydrogel to fabricate free-standing anisotropic materials, providing a proof-of-concept for the applicability of these materials for anisotropic magneto- and photothermia applications. The strong gelling behavior upon cooling and shear-thinning behavior of agarose enable the fabrication of magnetically active continuous hydrogel filaments upon injection. These developed multifunctional nanohybrid materials represent a base for advanced sensing, biomedical, or actuator applications with an anisotropic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Rincón-Iglesias
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Irati Rodrigo
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain
- Elektrizitatea eta Elektronika Saila, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa 48940, Spain
- Dr. Irati Rodrigo's current address: Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-762, United States
| | - Leixuri B Berganza
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Esraa Samy Abu Serea
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Fernando Plazaola
- Elektrizitatea eta Elektronika Saila, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao 48009, Spain
| | - Erlantz Lizundia
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain
- Life Cycle Thinking Group, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, Bilbao, Biscay 48013, Spain
| | - Javier Reguera
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa 48940, Spain
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Agathokleous E, Calabrese EJ. Formaldehyde: Another hormesis-inducing chemical. Environ Res 2021; 199:111395. [PMID: 34048749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is a naturally-occurring compound, produced endogenously in diverse living organisms. It also occurs widely in the environment due to anthropogenic (e.g. used as a chemical intermediate) and natural sources (e.g. a component of the volatile organic compounds blends emitted by plants). While FA is considered a potential carcinogen, living organisms have the ability to cope with FA, and some minimum endogenous levels of FA may be required for health. Recently, genetic engineering approaches transferring biological information from one organism to another led to increased assimilation of and conferred genetic-based tolerance to FA in plants-microorganisms systems. Here, we propose that FA commonly induces hormesis, a hypothesis that we confirm by collating evidence from various published studies with animals, plants, and microorganisms. The stimulation by low doses below the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) was modest in magnitude, in agreement with the general hormesis literature. In plants, among the endpoints showing hormesis were growth, lipid peroxidation, and photosynthetic pigments. In various animal cells, hormesis was observed in cell proliferation and viability, responses that were related to mechanisms, such as activation of phosphorylated ERK (extra-cellular signaling-regulated kinase) expression, acceleration of the process of cell division, and enhancement of the Warburg effect (i.e. use of glycolysis by tumor cells to produce energy for rapid growth). Hormetic in vitro responses were reported in several cancerous/tumorous cell lines, suggesting that FA has the potential to influence tumor promotion within a specific concentration range and biological context. These observations suggest that FA commonly acts in an hormetic manner with implications for study designs across a broad range of biological models and in the assessment of environmental and human risks associated with FA exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, 210044, PR China.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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Tesfaye S, Hamba N, Gerbi A, Negeri Z. Occupational formaldehyde exposure linked to increased systemic health impairments and counteracting beneficial effects of selected antioxidants. Alexandria Journal of Medicine 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2021.1926172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Tesfaye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Medical Anatomy), Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Niguse Hamba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Medical Anatomy), Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Asfaw Gerbi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Medical Anatomy), Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Zenebe Negeri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Medical Physiology), Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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8
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Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is a xenobiotic air pollutant and its universal distribution causes a widespread exposure to humans. This review aimed to bring updated information concerning FA toxicity in humans and animals based on in vitro and in vivo studies from 2013 to 2019. Researches were carried out in Pubmed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases to determine the effects of FA exposure on inflammation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity in experimental studies with animals (rats and mice) and humans. Besides, in vitro studies assessing FA cytotoxicity focusing on cell viability and apoptosis in different cell line cultures were reviewed. Studies with humans gave evidence regarding significant deleterious effects on health associated to chronic FA occupational exposure. Evaluations carried out in experimental studies showed toxic effects on different organs as lung, upper respiratory tract, bone marrow and brain as well as in cells. In summary, this study demonstrates that knowing the mechanisms underlying FA toxicity is essential to understand the deleterious effects that this xenobiotic causes on biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Bernardini
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Barbosa
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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An J, Li F, Qin Y, Zhang H, Ding S. Low concentrations of FA exhibits the Hormesis effect by affecting cell division and the Warburg effect. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 183:109576. [PMID: 31509928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA), a ubiquitous indoor environmental pollutant, has been classified as a carcinogen. There are many studies showed that low levels of FA could promote cell proliferation, however, little is known about the signal pathways. To determine the potential molecular mechanisms, human chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K562 cells) and human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE cells) were exposed to different concentrations of FA. The data showed that FA at 0-125 μM or 0-60 μM promoted the proliferation of K562 cells or 16HBE cells respectively, indicating that FA did have the Hormesis effect. FA at 75 μM (K562 cells) and 40 μM (16HBE cells) significantly promoted cell proliferation, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and decreased glutathione (GSH) content. At the same time, FA treatment induced a marked increase in the key molecules of cell division like CyclinD-cdk4 and E2F1. In addition, pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 (PKM2), glucose, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), lactic acid and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) content in the Warburg effect were increased. Administering Vitamin E (VE), significantly disrupted cell division and disturbed the Warburg effect, effectively indicating the decrease of cell activity. Conclusively, these findings suggested that low concentrations of FA could promote cell proliferation by accelerating cell division process or enhancing the Warburg effect to embody the Hormesis effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieran An
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by the Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuhong Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujie Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmao Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shumao Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
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Komarova TV, Sheshukova EV, Kosobokova EN, Kosorukov VS, Shindyapina AV, Lipskerov FA, Shpudeiko PS, Byalik TE, Dorokhov YL. The biological activity of bispecific trastuzumab/pertuzumab plant biosimilars may be drastically boosted by disulfiram increasing formaldehyde accumulation in cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16168. [PMID: 31700025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of breast cancer therapy have examined the improvement of bispecific trastuzumab/pertuzumab antibodies interacting simultaneously with two different epitopes of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Here, we describe the creation and production of plant-made bispecific antibodies based on trastuzumab and pertuzumab plant biosimilars (bi-TPB-PPB). Using surface plasmon resonance analysis of bi-TPB-PPB antibodies binding with the HER2 extracellular domain, we showed that the obtained Kd values were within the limits accepted for modified trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Despite the ability of bi-TPB-PPB antibodies to bind to Fcγ receptor IIIa and HER2 oncoprotein on the cell surface, a proliferation inhibition assay did not reveal any effect until α1,3-fucose and β1,2-xylose in the Asn297-linked glycan were removed. Another approach to activating bi-TPB-PPB may be associated with the use of disulfiram (DSF) a known aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inhibitor. We found that disulfiram is capable of killing breast cancer cells with simultaneous formaldehyde accumulation. Furthermore, we investigated the capacity of DSF to act as an adjuvant for bi-TPB-PPB antibodies. Although the content of ALDH2 mRNA was decreased after BT-474 cell treatment with antibodies, we only observed cell proliferation inhibiting activity of bi-TPB-PPB in the presence of disulfiram. We concluded that disulfiram can serve as a booster and adjuvant for anticancer immunotherapy.
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Hoshikawa N, Ono Y, Shioda H, Suzuki T, Inomata A, Moriyasu T. [Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Commercially Available Nail Adhesives]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2019; 139:135-140. [PMID: 30606921 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.18-00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nail tips are nail art materials that can be attached to the nail with adhesives. Recently, nail/finger injuries related to nail tips have been reported and one of the causes is considered to be the adhesives used for attaching nail tips. The components of nail adhesives are mostly cyanoacrylate, which is also used as an industrial instant adhesive. During curing, cyanoacrylate adhesives release formaldehyde through hydrolysis. When it is marketed as a nail adhesive, there is no regulation regarding its formaldehyde amount nor obligation to indicate its ingredients in Japan. Additionally, a biological safety test is not required for nail adhesives. Thus, because the safety of nail adhesives is inadequately confirmed, it is necessary to investigate their biological safety. Therefore, we purchased 5 commercially available nail adhesives and 1 medical adhesive and examined their formaldehyde content and cytotoxicity. We examined the cytotoxicity of the adhesives in V79 cells by a colony forming assay. In this test, 5 nail adhesives showed higher toxicity than 1 medical adhesive. Formaldehyde concentrations in the extract of adhesives were as follows: 17.5 to 24.2 μg/mL for nail adhesives and 7.4 μg/mL for medical adhesives. Cyanoacetate did not elicit cytotoxicity at the final concentration up to 1000 μM. However, formaldehyde showed cytotoxicity, with an IC50 of 79 μM (2.4 μg/mL). Taken together, the cytotoxicity of nail adhesives could be due to the formaldehyde generated by the hydrolysis of cyanoacrylate. It seems important that nail adhesives will be regulated by obligation and enhanced safety in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasushi Ono
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
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12
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Abstract
Uptake and in-plant transport of formaldehyde by six plants with or without soil microorganisms were investigated. The capabilities of fresh and boiled leaf extracts to dissipate added formaldehyde were also measured to evaluate formaldehyde metabolism in plant tissues. Results show that when the initial formaldehyde level in air was 0.56 ± 0.04 mg·m-3, the removal rate in the plant-only systems varied from 1.91 to 31.8 μg·h-1·g-1 FW (fresh weight). The removal rate of plants in the plant-only systems were ordered as Helianthus annuus Linn > Lycopersicon esculentum Miller > Oryza sativa > Sansevieria trifasciata Prain > Bryophyllum pinnatum > Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L. f. Most reduction of formaldehyde in the air was due to degradation by active components in the plant tissues, of which 4-64% of these were through to be enzymatic reactions. In the microbe-plant systems, formaldehyde removal rates increased by 0.24-9.53 fold compared to the plant-only systems, with approximately 19.6-90.5% of the formaldehyde reduction resulting from microbial degradation. Microorganisms added to the rhizosphere solution enhanced phytoremediation by increasing the downward transport of formaldehyde and its release by roots. Results suggest a new means to screen for efficient plant species that can be used for phytoremediation of indoor air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suya Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Hanxiao Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Yuhong Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, P.R. China
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13
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Liang H, Zhao S, Liu K, Su Y. Roles of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes on formaldehyde removal from air by plants. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2018; 54:193-201. [PMID: 30596331 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1544477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The roles of enzymatic reactions and redox reactions caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in formaldehyde metabolism in tomatoes and wheat seedlings and the changes in peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities in plants were investigated. Differences in the breakdown of added formaldehyde between fresh and boiled plant extracts were determined to calculate the contributions of different removal mechanisms. Two plant seedlings efficiently removed formaldehyde from air when its level varied from 0.65 to 1.91 mg m-3; meanwhile, the maximum rate at which tomato seedlings transported formaldehyde from air to the rhizosphere solution reached 182.26 µg h-1 kg-1 FW (fresh weight). Metabolism in plants was mainly responsible for the formaldehyde dissipation. The enzymatic contribution to formaldehyde dissipation decreased with increasing shoot exposure time or air formaldehyde level, while the redox contribution increased in importance because of an increasing level of ROS. The different enzymatic antioxidant activities of plants resulted in different levels of ROS and hence different tolerance and removal efficiencies toward formaldehyde. The self-enhancing ability of plants to remove formaldehyde via redox reactions suggested that the formaldehyde removal efficiency could be enhanced by plant adaptation to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Liang
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinjiang University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830046 , People's Republic of China
| | - Suya Zhao
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinjiang University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830046 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyan Liu
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinjiang University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830046 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Su
- a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xinjiang University , Urumqi , Xinjiang 830046 , People's Republic of China
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14
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Dorokhov YL, Sheshukova EV, Bialik TE, Komarova TV. Human Endogenous Formaldehyde as an Anticancer Metabolite: Its Oxidation Downregulation May Be a Means of Improving Therapy. Bioessays 2018; 40:e1800136. [PMID: 30370669 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malignant cells are characterized by an increased content of endogenous formaldehyde formed as a by-product of biosynthetic processes. Accumulation of formaldehyde in cancer cells is combined with activation of the processes of cellular formaldehyde clearance. These mechanisms include increased ALDH and suppressed ADH5/FDH activity, which oncologists consider poor and favorable prognostic markers, respectively. Here, the sources and regulation of formaldehyde metabolism in cancer cells are reviewed. The authors also analyze the participation of oncoproteins such as fibulins, FGFR1, HER2/neu, FBI-1, and MUC1-C in the control of genes related to formaldehyde metabolism, suggesting the existence of two mutually exclusive processes in cancer cells: 1) production and 2) oxidation and elimination of formaldehyde from the cell. The authors hypothesize that the study of the anticancer properties of disulfiram and alpha lipoic acid - which affect the balance of formaldehyde in the body - may serve as the basis of future anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri L Dorokhov
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of RAS, 119991, Moscow, Russia.,A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Tatiana E Bialik
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Komarova
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of RAS, 119991, Moscow, Russia.,A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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15
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Regazzoni LG, Grigoryan H, Ji Z, Chen X, Daniels SI, Huang D, Sanchez S, Tang N, Sillé FCM, Iavarone AT, Williams ER, Zhang L, Rappaport SM. Using lysine adducts of human serum albumin to investigate the disposition of exogenous formaldehyde in human blood. Toxicol Lett 2017; 268:26-35. [PMID: 28104429 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Formaldehyde is a human carcinogen that readily binds to nucleophiles, including proteins and DNA. To investigate whether exogenous formaldehyde produces adducts in extracellular fluids, we characterized modifications to human serum albumin (HSA) following incubation of whole blood, plasma, and saliva with formaldehyde at concentrations of 1, 10 and 100μM. The only HSA locus that showed the presence of formaldehyde modifications was Lys199. A N(6)-Lys adduct with added mass of 12Da, representing a putative intramolecular crosslink, was detected in biological fluids that had been incubated with formaldehyde but not in control fluids. An adduct representing N(6)-Lys formylation was detected in all fluids, but levels did not increase above control values over the tested range of formaldehyde concentrations. An adduct representing N(6)-Lys199 acetylation was also measured in all samples. We then applied the assay to repeated samples of human plasma from 6 nonsmoking volunteer subjects (from Berkeley, CA), and single samples of serum from 15 workers exposed to airborne formaldehyde at about 1.5ppm in a production facility and 15 control workers from Tianjin, China. Although all human plasma/serum samples contained basal levels of the products of N(6)-Lys formylation and acetylation, the putative crosslink product was not detected. Since the putative crosslink was observed in plasma incubated with formaldehyde at 1μM, this suggests that the endogenous concentration of formaldehyde in serum was much lower than reported in the literature. Furthermore, concentrations of the formyl adduct were not higher in workers exposed to formaldehyde at about 1.5ppm than in controls. Follow-up in vitro experiments with gaseous formaldehyde at 1.4ppm detected the putative crosslink in plasma but not whole blood. This combination of results suggests that N(6) formylation occurs within cells with subsequent release of adducted HSA to the systemic circulation. Comparing across human samples, levels of N(6)-Lys199 formyl adducts were present at similar concentrations in subjects from California and China (about 1mmol/mol HSA), but N(6)-Lys199 acetyl adducts were present at higher concentrations in Chinese subjects (0.34 vs. 0.13mmol/mol HSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca G Regazzoni
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Hasmik Grigoryan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Zhiying Ji
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sarah I Daniels
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Deyin Huang
- Institute of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Bohai Chemical Industry Group Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Sylvia Sanchez
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fenna C M Sillé
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Anthony T Iavarone
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Evan R Williams
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Stephen M Rappaport
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States.
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Yu J, Su T, Zhou T, He Y, Lu J, Li J, He R. Uric formaldehyde levels are negatively correlated with cognitive abilities in healthy older adults. Neurosci Bull 2014; 30:172-84. [PMID: 24733650 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-013-1416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the abnormal accumulation of endogenous formaldehyde could be a critical factor in age-related cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to estimate the correlation between uric formaldehyde and general cognitive abilities in a community-based elderly population, and to measure the extent and direction in which the correlation varied with demographic characteristics. Using a double-blind design, formaldehyde in human urine was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (n = 604), and general cognitive abilities were measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Demographic characteristics, in terms of age, gender, residential region, and education were taken into consideration. We found that uric formaldehyde levels were inversely correlated with the MoCA score, and the concentration varied with demographic features: higher odds of a high formaldehyde level occurred among the less educated and those living in old urban or rural areas. In cytological experiments, the level of cellular formaldehyde released into the medium increased as SH-SY5Y and BV2 cells were incubated for three days. Formaldehyde in excess impaired the processes of N2a cells and neurites of primary cultured rat hippocampal cells. However, removal of formaldehyde markedly rescued and regenerated the processes of N2a cells. These results demonstrated a negative correlation between the endogenous formaldehyde and general cognitive abilities. High formaldehyde levels could be a risk factor for cognitive impairment in older adults, and could be developed as a non-invasive marker for detection and monitoring of age-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Center on Ageing Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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