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Acosta-Casique A, Montes-Alvarado JB, Barragán M, Larrauri-Rodríguez KA, Perez-Gonzalez A, Delgado-Magallón A, Millán-Perez-Peña L, Rosas-Murrieta NH, Maycotte P. ERK activation modulates invasiveness and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production in triple negative breast cancer cell lines. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110487. [PMID: 36216165 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the breast cancer subtype with the worst prognosis and still lacks a targeted therapy. In this study, we found increased ERK phosphorylation in TNBC cell lines and an important role for ERK in sustaining the migration of TNBC cells. Although ROS have been suggested to have an important role in sustaining MAPK signaling, antioxidant treatment increased ERK phosphorylation, probably suggesting increased invasive potential. Interestingly, treatment with PD0325901 (PD), a MEK inhibitor, decreased ROS levels in TNBC cells and decreased mitochondrial fragmentation in the MDAMB231 cell line. Our data supports an important role for MEK/ERK in TNBC, sustaining cellular migration, regulating mitochondrial dynamics and ROS production in this breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilene Acosta-Casique
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec HGZ5, Puebla 74360, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - José B Montes-Alvarado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec HGZ5, Puebla 74360, Mexico
| | - Minuet Barragán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec HGZ5, Puebla 74360, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Karen A Larrauri-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec HGZ5, Puebla 74360, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Andrea Perez-Gonzalez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec HGZ5, Puebla 74360, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Alam Delgado-Magallón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec HGZ5, Puebla 74360, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Millán-Perez-Peña
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Nora H Rosas-Murrieta
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Paola Maycotte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec HGZ5, Puebla 74360, Mexico.
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Zhang S, Wang J, Ghoshal T, Wilkins D, Mo YY, Chen Y, Zhou Y. lncRNA Gene Signatures for Prediction of Breast Cancer Intrinsic Subtypes and Prognosis. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E65. [PMID: 29373522 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is intrinsically heterogeneous and is commonly classified into four main subtypes associated with distinct biological features and clinical outcomes. However, currently available data resources and methods are limited in identifying molecular subtyping on protein-coding genes, and little is known about the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which occupies 98% of the whole genome. lncRNAs may also play important roles in subgrouping cancer patients and are associated with clinical phenotypes. Methods: The purpose of this project was to identify lncRNA gene signatures that are associated with breast cancer subtypes and clinical outcomes. We identified lncRNA gene signatures from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA )RNAseq data that are associated with breast cancer subtypes by an optimized 1-Norm SVM feature selection algorithm. We evaluated the prognostic performance of these gene signatures with a semi-supervised principal component (superPC) method. Results: Although lncRNAs can independently predict breast cancer subtypes with satisfactory accuracy, a combined gene signature including both coding and non-coding genes will give the best clinically relevant prediction performance. We highlighted eight potential biomarkers (three from coding genes and five from non-coding genes) that are significantly associated with survival outcomes. Conclusion: Our proposed methods are a novel means of identifying subtype-specific coding and non-coding potential biomarkers that are both clinically relevant and biologically significant.
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Bouchalova K, Svoboda M, Kharaishvili G, Vrbkova J, Bouchal J, Trojanec R, Koudelakova V, Radova L, Cwiertka K, Hajduch M, Kolar Z. BCL2 is an independent predictor of outcome in basal-like triple-negative breast cancers treated with adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4243-52. [PMID: 25616695 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neither targeted therapies nor predictors for chemotherapy sensitivity are available for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our study included 187 patients with TNBC, 164 of whom were treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Eleven molecular biomarkers were analyzed. BCL2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), MYC, TOP2A, and Ki-67 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The status of the EGFR, MYC, and TOP2A genes and chromosomes 7, 8, and 17 was assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. High BCL2 expression predicted poor relapse-free survival (RFS) in patients treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.035), poor breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (p = 0.048), and a trend to poor overall survival (OS) (p = 0.085). High levels of BCL2 expression predicted poor OS in basal-like (BL) TNBC patients treated with adjuvant anthracycline-based regimens (log-rank p = 0.033, hazard ratio (HR) 3.04, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04-8.91) and a trend to poor RFS (log-rank p = 0.079) and poor BCSS (log-rank p = 0.056). Multivariate analysis showed that BCL2 status, tumor size, and nodal status all had independent predictive significance for RFS (p = 0.005, p = 0.091, p = 0.003, respectively; likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.003), BCSS (p = 0.012, p = 0.077, p = 0.01, respectively; likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.016), and OS (p = 0.008, p = 0.004, p = 0.004, respectively; likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.0006). Similarly, multivariate analysis for BL TNBC showed BCL2, tumor size, and nodal status all had independent predictive significance for RFS (likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.00125), BCSS (p = 0.00035), and OS (p = 0.00063). High EGFR expression was associated with poor BCSS (p = 0.039) in patients treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients who underwent anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy and exhibited CMYC amplification had a trend to worse BCSS (p = 0.066). In conclusion, high BCL2 expression is a significant independent predictor of poor outcome in TNBC patients treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy, and this is the first study showing the BCL2 prediction in BL TNBC. BCL2 expression analysis could facilitate decision making on adjuvant treatment in TNBC patients.
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Li Y, Li W, Chen X, Jiang H, Sun J, Chen H, Lv S. Integrated analysis identifies interaction patterns between small molecules and pathways. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014:931825. [PMID: 25114931 DOI: 10.1155/2014/931825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that the downstream proteins in a key pathway can be potential drug targets and that the pathway can play an important role in the action of drugs. So pathways could be considered as targets of small molecules. A link map between small molecules and pathways was constructed using gene expression profile, pathways, and gene expression of cancer cell line intervened by small molecules and then we analysed the topological characteristics of the link map. Three link patterns were identified based on different drug discovery implications for breast, liver, and lung cancer. Furthermore, molecules that significantly targeted the same pathways tended to treat the same diseases. These results can provide a valuable reference for identifying drug candidates and targets in molecularly targeted therapy.
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Muthuswami M, Ramesh V, Banerjee S, Viveka Thangaraj S, Periasamy J, Bhaskar Rao D, Barnabas GD, Raghavan S, Ganesan K. Breast tumors with elevated expression of 1q candidate genes confer poor clinical outcome and sensitivity to Ras/PI3K inhibition. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77553. [PMID: 24147022 PMCID: PMC3798322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic aberrations are common in cancers and the long arm of chromosome 1 is known for its frequent amplifications in breast cancer. However, the key candidate genes of 1q, and their contribution in breast cancer pathogenesis remain unexplored. We have analyzed the gene expression profiles of 1635 breast tumor samples using meta-analysis based approach and identified clinically significant candidates from chromosome 1q. Seven candidate genes including exonuclease 1 (EXO1) are consistently over expressed in breast tumors, specifically in high grade and aggressive breast tumors with poor clinical outcome. We derived a EXO1 co-expression module from the mRNA profiles of breast tumors which comprises 1q candidate genes and their co-expressed genes. By integrative functional genomics investigation, we identified the involvement of EGFR, RAS, PI3K / AKT, MYC, E2F signaling in the regulation of these selected 1q genes in breast tumors and breast cancer cell lines. Expression of EXO1 module was found as indicative of elevated cell proliferation, genomic instability, activated RAS/AKT/MYC/E2F1 signaling pathways and loss of p53 activity in breast tumors. mRNA-drug connectivity analysis indicates inhibition of RAS/PI3K as a possible targeted therapeutic approach for the patients with activated EXO1 module in breast tumors. Thus, we identified seven 1q candidate genes strongly associated with the poor survival of breast cancer patients and identified the possibility of targeting them with EGFR/RAS/PI3K inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthulakshmi Muthuswami
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Vignesh Ramesh
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Saikat Banerjee
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Soundara Viveka Thangaraj
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Jayaprakash Periasamy
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Divya Bhaskar Rao
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Georgina D. Barnabas
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Swetha Raghavan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chenna, India
| | - Kumaresan Ganesan
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
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Sayed-Ahmed MM, Hafez MM, Al-Shabanah OA, Al-Rejaie SS, Aleisa AM, Al-Yahya AA, Alsheikh A, Diab AIA, Al-Akeely MH. Increased expression of biological markers as potential therapeutic targets in Saudi women with triple-negative breast cancer. Tumori 2013; 99:545-54. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161309900418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that lacks the expression of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Although TNBC represents only 15% of all types of breast cancer, it accounts for a large number of metastatic cases and deaths. Because of the high metastatic rate and both local and systemic recurrence associated with TNBC, extensive research efforts are actively looking for target therapies to effectively treat this aggressive disease. Accordingly, this study has been initiated to investigate the differential expression of biological markers in TNBC and non-TNBC Saudi women that might be utilized as potential targeted therapy and/or predict the sensitivity to currently available therapeutic regimens. Methods and study design Two hundred formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissues were selected and divided into 3 groups: benign breast tissues (20), TNBC tissues (80) and non-TNBC tissues (100). Expression of mRNA in FFPE tissues was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the following genes: poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), topoisomerase 2A (TOPO-2A), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-MYC, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), human epidermal growth factor 1 (HER1) and multidrug resistance (MDR) genes. Results In the TNBC group, expression of PARP-1, TOPO-2A, HER1, C-MYC, VEGF, bFGF and MMP-2 showed a highly significant increase compared to the non-TNBC group. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that (1) TNBC patients will benefit more from TOPO-2A inhibitors as well as antiangiogenic and antimetastatic therapies; (2) inhibition of these target genes is emerging as one of the most exciting and promising targeted therapeutic strategies to treat TNBC in which the intended targets are DNA repair, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohamed Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman Abdualla Al-Shabanah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Salih Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Mohamed Aleisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Abdulrhman Al-Yahya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik Alsheikh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurrahman Ibrahim Al Diab
- Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Hamad Al-Akeely
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Lv P, Liu P, Wang H, Qiu L, Wang G. Development and Analytical Validation of a BT-474 Anti-Proliferation Assay Targeting HER2. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.677787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Liu X, Jutooru I, Lei P, Kim K, Lee SO, Brents LK, Prather PL, Safe S. Betulinic acid targets YY1 and ErbB2 through cannabinoid receptor-dependent disruption of microRNA-27a:ZBTB10 in breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:1421-31. [PMID: 22553354 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of ErbB2-overexpressing BT474 and MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells with 1 to 10 μmol/L betulinic acid inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis, downregulated specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4, and decreased expression of ErbB2. Individual or combined knockdown of Sp1, Sp3, Sp4 by RNA interference also decreased expression of ErbB2 and this response was because of repression of YY1, an Sp-regulated gene. Betulinic acid-dependent repression of Sp1, Sp3, Sp4, and Sp-regulated genes was due, in part, to induction of the Sp repressor ZBTB10 and downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a), which constitutively inhibits ZBTB10 expression, and we show for the first time that the effects of betulinic acid on the miR-27a:ZBTB10-Sp transcription factor axis were cannabinoid 1 (CB1) and CB2 receptor-dependent, thus identifying a new cellular target for this anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Tang Y, Hamed HA, Cruickshanks N, Fisher PB, Grant S, Dent P. Obatoclax and lapatinib interact to induce toxic autophagy through NOXA. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 81:527-40. [PMID: 22219388 DOI: 10.1124/mol.111.076851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies demonstrated that resistance to the ERBB1/2 inhibitor lapatinib could be overcome by the B cell CLL/lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family antagonist obatoclax (GX15-070). Coadministration of lapatinib with obatoclax caused synergistic cell killing by eliciting autophagic cell death that was dependent upstream on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and increased p62 levels and downstream on activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and inactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin. By immunohistochemical analysis, in drug combination-treated cells, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) associated with mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase), autophagosome (p62), and autolysosome (lysosomal associated membrane protein 2) proteins. Treatment of cells with 3-methyladenine or knockdown of beclin 1 was protective, whereas chloroquine treatment had no protective effect. Expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1), compared with that of BCL-2 or BCL-2-related gene long isoform, protected against drug combination lethality. Lapatinib and obatoclax-initiated autophagy depended on NOXA-mediated displacement of the prosurvival BCL-2 family member, MCL-1, from beclin 1, which was essential for the initiation of autophagy. Taken together, our data argue that lapatinib and obatoclax-induced toxic autophagy is due to impaired autophagic degradation, and this disturbance of autophagic flux leads to an accumulation of toxic proteins and loss of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0035, USA
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Bouchalova K, Cizkova M, Cwiertka K, Trojanec R, Friedecky D, Hajduch M. Lapatinib in breast cancer - the predictive significance of HER1 (EGFR), HER2, PTEN and PIK3CA genes and lapatinib plasma level assessment. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2011; 154:281-8. [PMID: 21293538 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2010.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer treatment trends are currently based on tailored therapies using tumor and patient biomarkers. Lapatinib is the first dual inhibitor of HER1 (EGFR, ErbB1) and HER2 (ErbB2, Neu) tyrosine kinases to be used in clinical practice. However, only HER2 is currently used for therapy indications and new predictors for the treatment with lapatinib are sought. METHODS AND RESULTS This minireview focuses on lapatinib and its role in breast cancer treatment. Preclinical and clinical studies as well as pharmacological characteristics are briefly reviewed while the focus is on efficacy assessment including predictive factors for therapy outcome. CONCLUSION Lapatinib (Tykerb/Tyverb) was Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved in 2007 for use in combination with capecitabine for the treatment of HER2-positive advanced or metastatic breast cancer in patients who had received previous treatment (including anthracycline, taxane and trastuzumab containing regimens) and in 2010 for use in combination with letrozole for postmenopausal women with hormonal receptor positive and HER2- positive metastatic breast cancer. In contrast to trastuzumab (Herceptin), lapatinib is orally administered and it targets both HER2 and HER1 receptors. As a synthetic and oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), it is convenient, cheaper and easier to produce than monoclonal antibodies. The recommended dosage is not dependent on body weight either. Lapatinib plasma level measurement could be an approach to tailored therapy for further optimizing the dose and prolonging this efficient therapy. New lapatinib response predictors are being evaluated. At this time, only HER2 amplification/overexpression is used to choose lapatinib therapy candidates. Further studies on concurrent HER1 fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)/immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessment and/or microarray analyses may produce new data on the predictive role of the HER1 (EGFR) gene/protein. PTEN loss and PIK3CA gene mutations are other markers that may predict lapatinib poor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Bouchalova
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Esserman LJ, Moore DH, Tsing PJ, Chu PW, Yau C, Ozanne E, Chung RE, Tandon VJ, Park JW, Baehner FL, Kreps S, Tutt AN, Gillett CE, Benz CC. Biologic markers determine both the risk and the timing of recurrence in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 129:607-16. [PMID: 21597921 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer has a long natural history. Established and emerging biologic markers address overall risk but not necessarily timing of recurrence. 346 adjuvant naïve breast cancer cases from Guy's Hospital with 23 years minimum follow-up and archival blocks were recut and reassessed for hormone-receptors (HR), HER2-receptor and grade. Disease-specific survival (DSS) was analyzed by recursive partitioning. To validate insights from this analysis, gene-signatures (proliferative and HR-negative) were evaluated for their ability to predict early versus late metastatic risk in 683 node-negative, adjuvant naïve breast cancers annotated with expression microarray data. Risk partitioning showed that adjuvant naïve node-negative outcome risk was primarily partitioned by tumor receptor status and grade but not tumor size. HR-positive and HER2-negative (HRpos) risk was partitioned by tumor grade; low grade cases have very low early risk but a 20% fall-off in DSS 10 or more years after diagnosis. Higher grade HRpos cases have risk over >20 years. Triple-negative (Tneg) and HER2-positive (HER2pos) cases DSS events occurred primarily within the first 5 years. Among node-positive cases, only low grade conferred late risk, suggesting that proliferative gene signatures that identify proliferation would be important for predicting early but not late recurrence. Using pooled data from four publicly available data sets for node-negative tumors annotated with gene expression and outcome data, we evaluated four prognostic gene signatures: two proliferation-based and two immune function-based. Tumor proliferative capacity predicted early but not late metastatic risk for HRpos cases. The immune function or HRneg specific signatures predicted only early metastatic risk in Tneg and HER2pos cases. Breast cancer prognostic signatures need to inform both risk and timing of metastatic events and may best be applied within subsets. Current signatures predict for outcome risk within 5 years of diagnosis. Predictors of late risk for HR positive disease are needed.
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Abstract
Overexpression of HER-2 accounts for approximately 25% of all breast cancer cases, while 87.7% of HER-2 positive breast cancers are associated with upregulated VEGF. The objective of this study is to explore the combination therapy of blocking HER-2 and VEGF expressions simultaneously using siRNA. This is the first report to examine the effect of dual silencing of HER-2 and VEGF genes on tumor growth and invasiveness. We have designed nine HER-2 siRNAs and ten VEGF siRNAs, and identified potent siRNA which can silence the target gene up to 75-83.5%. The most potent HER-2 and VEGF siRNAs were used to conduct functional studies in HER-2 positive breast cancer cells. Tumor invasiveness properties including cell morphology change, in vitro migration, cell spreading, and adhesion to ECM were evaluated. In addition, cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined after the siRNA treatment. Our data demonstrated for the first time that HER-2 siRNA could inhibit cell migration and invasion abilities. Combination of HER-2 and VEGF siRNAs exhibited synergistic silencing effect on VEGF. Both HER-2 siRNA and VEGF siRNA showed significant inhibition on cell migration and proliferation. HER-2 siRNA also demonstrated dramatic suppression on cell spreading and adhesion to ECM, as well as induction of apoptosis. Dual silencing of HER-2 and VEGF exhibited significant cell morphology change, and substantial suppression on migration, spreading, cell adhesion, and proliferation. Our observations suggested that HER-2 positive breast cancer may be more effectively treated by dual inhibition of HER-2 and VEGF gene expressions using siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyi Tai
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2454 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA
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Zhang S, Lei P, Liu X, Li X, Walker K, Kotha L, Rowlands C, Safe S. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a target for estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer chemotherapy. Endocr Relat Cancer 2009; 16:835-44. [PMID: 19447902 PMCID: PMC2766348 DOI: 10.1677/erc-09-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and the relatively non-toxic selective aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) modulator 6-methyl-1,3,8-trichlorodibenzo-furan (MCDF) induced CYP1A1-dependent ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and inhibited proliferation of seven estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer cell lines. MCDF, TCDD and structurally related 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl induced CYP1A1 and inhibited proliferation of BT-474 and MDA-MB-468 cells. In BT474 and MDA-MB-468 cells transfected with a small inhibitory RNA for the AhR, the antiproliferative activity of the chlorinated aromatic compounds was reversed, whereas for MCDF, only partial reversal was observed, suggesting that this compound acts through both AhR-dependent and AhR-independent pathways in these two cell lines. MCDF also inhibited tumor growth in athymic nude mice in which MDA-MB-468 cells were injected directly into the mammary fat pad. These results suggest that the AhR is a potential drug target for treatment of ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
| | - Ping Lei
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
| | - Xiangrong Li
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466
| | - Kelcey Walker
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466
| | - Leela Kotha
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466
| | - Craig Rowlands
- Dow Chemical Company, Toxicology and Environmental Research and Consulting, Midland, MI 48674
| | - Stephen Safe
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466
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Sonne-hansen K, Norrie IC, Emdal KB, Benjaminsen RV, Frogne T, Christiansen IJ, Kirkegaard T, Lykkesfeldt AE. Breast cancer cells can switch between estrogen receptor α and ErbB signaling and combined treatment against both signaling pathways postpones development of resistance. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 121:601-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-009-0506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Giltnane JM, Moeder CB, Camp RL, Rimm DL. Quantitative multiplexed analysis of ErbB family coexpression for primary breast cancer prognosis in a large retrospective cohort. Cancer 2009; 115:2400-9. [PMID: 19330842 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of outcome using a single prognostic or predictive marker is the current basis of targeted therapy, but is inherently limited by its simplicity. Multiplexing has provided better classification, but has only been done quantitatively using RNA or DNA. Automated quantitative analysis is a new technology that allows quantitative in situ assessment of protein expression. The authors hypothesized that multiplexed quantitative measurement of ErbB receptor family proteins may allow better prediction of outcome. METHODS The authors quantitatively assessed the expression of 6 proteins in 4 subcellular compartments in 676 patients using breast carcinoma tissue microarrays. Then using Cox proportional hazards modeling and unsupervised hierarchical clustering, they assessed the prognostic value of the expression singly and multiplexed. RESULTS Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER-2, and HER-3 expression were associated with decreased survival. Multivariate analysis showed high HER-2 and HER-3 expression maintained independence as prognostic markers. Hierarchical clustering of expression data defined a small class enriched for HER-2 expression with 40% 10-year survival, compared with 55% using conventional methods. Clustering also revealed a similarly poor-prognostic subgroup coexpressing EGFR and HER-3 (but low for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER-2) with a 42% 10-year survival. CONCLUSIONS This work shows that the combined analysis of protein expression improved prognostic classification, and that multiplexed models were superior to any single-marker-based method for prediction of 10-year survival. These methods illustrate a protein-based, multiplexed approach that could more accurately identify patients for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Giltnane
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8023, USA
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Liu X, Abdelrahim M, Abudayyeh A, Lei P, Safe S. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug tolfenamic acid inhibits BT474 and SKBR3 breast cancer cell and tumor growth by repressing erbB2 expression. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8:1207-17. [PMID: 19435870 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-08-1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tolfenamic acid (TA) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits pancreatic cancer cell and tumor growth through decreasing expression of specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors. TA also inhibits growth of erbB2-overexpressing BT474 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells; however, in contrast to pancreatic cancer cells, TA induced down-regulation of erbB2 but not Sp proteins. TA-induced erbB2 down-regulation was accompanied by decreased erbB2-dependent kinase activities, induction of p27, and decreased expression of cyclin D1. TA also decreased erbB2 mRNA expression and promoter activity, and this was due to decreased mRNA stability in BT474 cells and, in both cell lines, TA decreased expression of the YY1 and AP-2 transcription factors required for basal erbB2 expression. In addition, TA also inhibited tumor growth in athymic nude mice in which BT474 cells were injected into the mammary fat pad. TA represents a novel and promising new anticancer drug that targets erbB2 by decreasing transcription of this oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466, USA
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Bouchalova K, Cizkova M, Cwiertka K, Trojanec R, Hajduch M. Triple negative breast cancer--current status and prospective targeted treatment based on HER1 (EGFR), TOP2A and C-MYC gene assessment. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2009; 153:13-7. [PMID: 19365520 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2009.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Every year about one million women worldwide are diagnosed with breast cancer which is the most common malignancy in female. Of these, triple negative breast carcinoma represents 10-17 %. Triple negative breast carcinomas, characterized by estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptor negativity are very aggressive tumours with poor prognosis. Individualized treatment (tailored therapy) based on molecular biology markers of tumor and patient is the trend in clinical practice these days. However, molecular targets and predictors for the treatment of triple negative breast carcinoma do not currently exist. METHODS AND RESULTS This minireview focuses on biomarkers (HER1/EGFR, TOP2A and C-MYC genes) that may predict the response of triple negative breast carcinoma patients to chemotherapy and/or targeted biological treatment with a summary of current knowledge about them. CONCLUSION HER1 belonging to the HER family of receptors plays an important role in cell proliferation, migration and protection against apoptosis. HER1 protein could be targeted by monoclonal antibodies and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Given signal pathway complexity and HER family member cooperation, it may be better to simultaneously target a number of these receptors (e.g. HER1/HER2 by lapatinib). Thus, HER1 assessment could reveal a particular breast cancer patient group with probably good response to HER1 targeted therapy. TOP2A gene, encoding topoisomerase II alpha (target for anthracyclines) is predictive of response to anthracycline therapy. TOP2A aberrations (amplification, deletion) are found in up to approximately 30-90 % of HER2 amplified breast cancer and amplifications are more common than deletions. Recent publications describe TOP2A amplification also in 2.7-8.8 % HER2 nonamplified breast cancers. Patients with a pathologic complete response to anthracycline based neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a good overall prognosis regardless of molecular subtype of breast cancer. These results suggest that particularly tumors with a complete pathological response to anthracyclines could have TOP2A amplification. C-MYC encodes nuclear DNA binding proteins that regulate proliferation and apoptosis; amplification is associated with poor prognosis and hormonally negative breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Bouchalova
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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García-Sáenz JA, Martín M, Calles A, Bueno C, Rodríguez L, Bobokova J, Custodio A, Casado A, Díaz-Rubio E. Bevacizumab in combination with metronomic chemotherapy in patients with anthracycline- and taxane-refractory breast cancer. J Chemother 2009; 20:632-9. [PMID: 19028628 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2008.20.5.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor might enhance metronomic chemotherapy in previously treated metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. Anthracycline and taxane refractory MBC patients were given cyclophosphamide 50 mg p.o. daily, methotrexate 1 mg/kg i.v. every 14 days, and bevacizumab 10 mg/kg i.v. every 14 days. Trastuzumab was added in HER2-overexpressing tumors. 24 patients were enrolled and 22 were evaluable. All tumors had histologic grade II-III and most patients had > or =2 metastatic sites. After a median follow-up of 7.7 months the response rates were: complete response (CR) 0%, partial response (PR) 31.8% (95% CI 13.9- 54.9%), stable disease for >or =24 weeks (SD) 31.8% (95% CI 13.9-54.9%). Clinical benefit (CB= CR + PR + SD>24w) 63.6% (95% CI 40.7-82.8%). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.5 months; overall survival (OS) was 13.6 months. HER2-overexpressing or high proliferative-index tumors had better 6-month PFS (75% vs. 34% in HER-negative tumors, P = 0.043; 67% vs. 0% in Ki-67 > or =20% tumors, P = 0.015). Adverse effects were mild. The combination of bevacizumab and a metronomic-based chemotherapy was effective, well tolerated and provided clinical benefit in heavilytreated MBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A García-Sáenz
- Service de Oncología Médica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Nielsen DL, Andersson M, Kamby C. HER2-targeted therapy in breast cancer. Monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Cancer Treat Rev 2008; 35:121-36. [PMID: 19008049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Revised: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is strong clinical evidence that trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) two tyrosine kinase receptor, is an important component of first-line treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. In particular the combination with taxanes and vinorelbine has been established. In the preoperative setting inclusion of trastuzumab has significantly increased the pathological complete response rate. Results from large phase III trials evaluating adjuvant therapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer indicate that the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy improves disease-free and overall survival. The use of lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of both HER1 and HER2, in combination with capecitabine in the second-line treatment of HER2-positive patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with trastuzumab has been established. There is modest, but still insufficient, support that the compound passes the blood-brain barrier. Several trials are ongoing both in the adjuvant and metastatic settings and we have to await the results of these to clarify the role of trastuzumab and lapatinib. The clinical problem of tumours developing resistance to HER2-directed therapy is becoming increasingly important. Several issues about optimal selection of patients, prevention of resistance and use of different treatment options are still unresolved. In this article, we summarise the current knowledge on clinical evidence of HER2-directed therapy and the potential mechanisms of underlying resistance, including the possible clinical implications and review new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorte Lisbet Nielsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.
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Abstract
Breast cancer continues to be a major health problem despite a decrease in mortality rates over the past 2 decades. Although many advances have been made in the treatment of breast cancer, drug therapy for the disease continues to evolve as more is learned about cell biology and cellular signaling pathways. The development of targeted agents offers the hope of new therapies with better efficacy and tolerability. Biologic therapy has been a cornerstone of targeted therapy for the treatment of advanced breast cancer and is now entering the adjuvant arena. This review summarizes the results of several adjuvant studies and discusses future directions for breast cancer biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S Craft
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Gligorov J, Azria D, Namer M, Khayat D, Spano JP. Novel therapeutic strategies combining antihormonal and biological targeted therapies in breast cancer: focus on clinical trials and perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2007; 64:115-28. [PMID: 17702596 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Revised: 06/25/2007] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several models have been proposed to explain the mechanisms of endocrine resistance including aberrant growth-signaling pathways, and have led to the rational design of studies combining hormonotherapy with signal transduction inhibitors (STI) in advanced breast cancer. This article reviews the current status of these clinical trials. Preliminary results from the randomized controlled trials are rather disappointing. The mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus and the farnesyl transferase inhibitor tipifarnib combined with letrozole did not show any benefit compared to letrozole alone. As neoadjuvant therapy, gefinitib did not enhance the response rate induced by anastrozole. Interesting results were obtained with exemestane combined to celecoxib but should be further explored with adequate cardiac monitoring. Trastuzumab combined with anastrozole was more effective than anastrozole in terms of response rate and progression-free survival but not survival. Several controlled trials as first- or second-line therapy have started recently and over the next few years we should learn whether this approach will provide significant gains in efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Gligorov
- Medical Oncology Department, CancerEst, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the chemotherapy and targeted biologic options for treatment of advanced and metastatic breast cancer. DATA SOURCES Clinical and research articles and textbook chapters. CONCLUSION Recent clinical research has led to the use of novel targeted therapies in the management of locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer. Although metastatic breast cancer remains incurable, increases in disease-free and overall survival has been achieved. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Recent advances in the biological targeted therapies against Her2/neu, VEGF, and EGFR are now either approved therapies or are in the final stages of clinical testing. Oncology nurses can help decrease toxicities and maintain better QOL by fully understanding the mechanism of action of the drugs, expected side effects, and anticipated response to the novel regimen.
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Jørgensen JT, Nielsen KV, Ejlertsen B. Pharmacodiagnostics and Targeted Therapies—A Rational Approach for Individualizing Medical Anticancer Therapy in Breast Cancer. Oncologist 2007; 12:397-405. [PMID: 17470682 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.12-4-397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of therapy for a particular breast cancer patient is traditionally based on average results from randomized clinical trials. Rational pharmacotherapy is in essence about selecting the right drug(s) for the right patient, and in order to guide this selection process pharmacodiagnostic tests are indispensable. A number of tests have been developed or are under development for targeted therapies, such as antiestrogens, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 inhibitors, and topoisomerase inhibitors. Based on a biopsy from the tumor, the tests are able to identify patients with a high probability to benefit from these therapies. The detection of the predictive biomarkers is based on different technologies, such as immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and chromogenic in situ hybridization. Pharmacodiagnostic tests will play an important role in the further development of targeted therapies and may be seen as a prerequisite for the introduction of individualized medicine in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Trøst Jørgensen
- Clinical Research, Dako Denmark A/S, Produktionsvej 42, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark.
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Qiu Q, Domarkas J, Banerjee R, Katsoulas A, McNamee JP, Jean-Claude BJ. Type II combi-molecules: design and binary targeting properties of the novel triazolinium-containing molecules JDD36 and JDE05. Anticancer Drugs 2007; 18:171-7. [PMID: 17159603 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e3280115fe8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We recently designed molecules termed "type II combi-molecules" to block the epidermal growth factor receptor and to damage DNA without the requirement for hydrolytic cleavage. Here, we studied two such combi-molecules (JDD36 and JDE05), containing a novel quinazoline-linked chloroethyltriazolinium system. The epidermal growth factor receptor-targeting potential of these novel structures was studied by ELISA for isolated epidermal growth factor receptor and by Western blotting for whole-cell assays. DNA damage was analyzed using the single-cell microelectrophoresis comet assay. Antiproliferative effects were determined by the sulforhodamine B assay. JDD36 showed an IC50 of 0.6 micromol/l in the ELISA for epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, a dose-dependent inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor phosphorylation and significant levels of DNA damage in the human DU145 prostate cancer cell line. JDD36 was an overall 2- to 15-fold stronger antiproliferative agent than JDE05 that showed potent epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitory activity (IC50 epidermal growth factor receptor, 0.035 micromol/l) but weak DNA-damaging potential. In a panel of LNCaP erbB transfectants, in contrast to JDE05, JDD36 showed remarkable and selective potency against the LNCaPerbB2 transfectant. The results in toto suggest that the overall superior potency of JDD36 when compared with JDE05 may be imputed to its balanced binary epidermal growth factor receptor-DNA-targeting properties that may induce a tandem blockade of epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated mitogenic signaling while depleting alternative survival mechanism by damaging DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Qiu
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Center/Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstracts of the XXVII Italian Society for the Study of Connective Tissues (SISC) Meeting, Bologna, Italy, 8-10 November 2007. Connect Tissue Res 2007; 48:338-63. [PMID: 18075821 DOI: 10.1080/03008200701726970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abstract
Double minutes are tiny spherical chromatin bodies of a few mega-base pairs of size which are found occasionally in hematopoietic neoplasia and more or less often in human solid tumors. They have been associated with worse prognosis and poor outcome of the malignancies where present. With the beginning era of molecular cytogenetics they could be defined as cytogenetic equivalents of amplified DNA sequences. The identification of involved chromosomal segments and their molecular nature led to the development of molecular genetic techniques for a rapid and reliable detection of prognostically important oncogene amplifications in human tumors and,as a consequence, to gene-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Gebhart
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
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