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Aoki T, Terakado T, Jingya Y, Iwasaki K, Shimoda H, Fukamachi N, Miyamoto T. Surgical Correction of Infundibular Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect in a Cat: A Case Report. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1736. [PMID: 38929355 PMCID: PMC11201194 DOI: 10.3390/ani14121736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) can lead to congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, particularly in patients with large shunts. However, no surgical treatment for feline VSD has been reported. Here, we elucidated the first surgical correction of an infundibular muscular VSD in a one-year-old Ragdoll cat, atypically located and classified under the Soto classification rather than the standard Kirklin classification, through cardiac arrest using cardiopulmonary bypass-a method rarely used in feline cardiac surgery. Detailed echocardiography revealed that the defect required intervention owing to left heart and main pulmonary artery enlargement. Despite the VSD being located on the contralateral side, as anticipated in the preoperative examinations, the choice of median sternotomy allowed for the successful closure of the defect. Conversely, the insertion of two cannulas into the ascending aorta resulted in damage to the adjacent thoracic duct, causing transient chylothorax, which was resolved with conservative treatment. Cardiac arrest induced by a cardioplegic solution facilitated the surgical procedure, although it leads to anemia in cats. However, on postoperative day 490, the patient exhibited only minor residual shunting, with normalized heart size, and remained healthy. This technique appears to be a viable treatment option for congenital heart disease in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Aoki
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara City 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.J.); (K.I.)
- Azabu University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara City 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Terakado
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara City 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.J.); (K.I.)
| | - Yao Jingya
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara City 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.J.); (K.I.)
- Azabu University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara City 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Iwasaki
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara City 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.J.); (K.I.)
| | - Hayato Shimoda
- Gunma Children’s Medical Center, Shibukawa City 377-8577, Gunma, Japan; (H.S.); (N.F.)
| | - Naoyuki Fukamachi
- Gunma Children’s Medical Center, Shibukawa City 377-8577, Gunma, Japan; (H.S.); (N.F.)
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