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Taylor H, Dawes P, Kapadia D, Shryane N, Norman P. Investigating ethnic inequalities in hearing aid use in England and Wales: a cross-sectional study. Int J Audiol 2023; 62:1-11. [PMID: 34908513 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.2009131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish whether ethnic inequalities exist in levels of self-reported hearing difficulty and hearing aid use among middle-aged adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional data from the UK Biobank resource. STUDY SAMPLE 164,460 participants aged 40-69 who answered hearing questions at an assessment centre in England or Wales. RESULTS After taking into account objectively assessed hearing performance and a corresponding correction for bias in non-native English speakers, as well as a range of correlates including demographic, socioeconomic, and health factors, there were lower levels of hearing aid use for people from Black African (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.17-0.77), Black Caribbean (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.22-0.65) and Indian (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41-0.86) ethnic groups, compared to the White British or Irish group. Men from most ethnic minority groups and women from Black African, Black Caribbean and Indian groups were less likely to report hearing difficulty than their White British or Irish counterparts. CONCLUSIONS For equivalent levels of hearing loss, the use of hearing aids is lower among ethnic minority groups. Inequalities are partly due to lower levels of self-reported hearing difficulty among minority groups. However, even when self-reported hearing difficulty is considered, hearing aid use remains lower among many ethnic minority groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Taylor
- Social Statistics, The University of Manchester School of Social Sciences, Manchester, UK.,School of Social Sciences, The University of Manchester Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, Manchester, UK
| | - Piers Dawes
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, The University of Manchester School of Health Sciences, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK.,School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dharmi Kapadia
- School of Social Sciences, The University of Manchester Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, Manchester, UK.,Sociology, The University of Manchester School of Social Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Nick Shryane
- Social Statistics, The University of Manchester School of Social Sciences, Manchester, UK.,School of Social Sciences, The University of Manchester Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Norman
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Talham CJ, Montiel Ishino FA, O'Brien KM, Sandler DP, Williams F. Breast cancer screening among Hispanic and non-Hispanic White women by birthplace in the Sister Study. Cancer Med 2022; 11:1913-1922. [PMID: 35150465 PMCID: PMC9041086 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hispanic/Latina women are less likely to be diagnosed with local stage breast cancer than White women. Additionally, foreign-born women have lower mammography rates than US-born women. We evaluated the combined effect of birthplace and race/ethnicity on screening habits of women at higher-than-average risk of breast cancer. METHODS Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate breast cancer screening in 44,524 women in the Sister Study cohort. Screening methods ascertained at enrollment (2003-2009) included mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. Timing of screening was assessed as recently (≤2 years ago), formerly (>2 years ago), and never screened. Adjustments included sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and health variables. RESULTS Most women in the sample were US-born non-Hispanic/Latina White (92%), were ≥50 years old (73%), had one first-degree female relative with breast cancer (73%), and were screened in the past two years (97%). US-born Hispanic/Latina women had higher odds (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-2.00) than US-born non-Hispanic/Latina White women of not having received a breast cancer screening in the past 2 years, relative to a recent screening. Similarly, foreign-born Hispanic/Latina women had higher odds (OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.10-2.41) than US-born non-Hispanic/Latina White women of never having received a breast cancer screening. CONCLUSION We observed that Hispanic/Latina women have higher odds of never and dated breast cancer screenings compared to US-born White women. Birthplace and race/ethnicity each contribute to disparities in who receives preventative health care in the United States. It is critical to include birthplace when evaluating health behaviors in minority groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte J. Talham
- Division of Intramural ResearchNational Institute on Minority Health and Health DisparitiesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Francisco A. Montiel Ishino
- Division of Intramural ResearchNational Institute on Minority Health and Health DisparitiesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Katie M. O'Brien
- Epidemiology BranchNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle ParkNorthUSA
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology BranchNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle ParkNorthUSA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural ResearchNational Institute on Minority Health and Health DisparitiesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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3
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Akombi-Inyang B, Huda MN, Schutte AE, Macniven R, Lin S, Rawstorne P, Xu X, Renzaho A. The Association between Post-Migration Nutrition and Lifestyle Transition and the Risk of Developing Chronic Diseases among Sub-Saharan African Migrants: A Mixed Method Systematic Review Protocol. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:4706. [PMID: 33925056 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants face nutrition and lifestyle changes upon arrival in a host country. The shift in diet and lifestyle reflects post-migration acculturation and could predispose migrants to nutrition- and lifestyle- related chronic diseases. A mixed-methods systematic review of published studies and the grey literature on post-migration nutrition and lifestyle transition among SSA migrants will be undertaken. Studies published in English and conducted from 2000 to 2020 using quantitative and/or qualitative methods will be included. Ten bibliographic databases will be searched: Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Informit and Web of Science. Data extraction will be informed by the Cochrane PROGRESS-Plus framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute manual. The quality of the included studies will be appraised for risk of bias using validated tools. An integrated approach to quantitative and qualitative data synthesis through data transformation will be undertaken, and a narrative synthesis of the findings will be provided. This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines and provides insight into the scope and parameters of the systematic review to be conducted. The aim of the review is to evaluate the association between post-migration nutrition and lifestyle transition and the risk of developing chronic diseases among SSA migrants in Australia. This review will provide insight into possible areas for interventions to improve the health of migrants. Systematic Review Registration: The protocol was registered with the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews CRD42020206560.
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Ahmed S, Uddin R, Ziviani J, Khan A. Global Prevalence of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep of Immigrant Children: a Systematic Review. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2020; 8:1364-1376. [PMID: 33124002 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although insufficient physical activity (PA), high sedentary behaviour (SB), and inadequate sleep are fairly common among children, little is known about these behaviours in immigrant children. This systematic review examined the prevalence of PA, SB, and sleep among immigrant children aged 5-17 years around the globe. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched to retrieve the English language peer-reviewed original articles published between 2000 and 2019. Cross-sectional, cohort, or longitudinal studies that reported on the prevalence of PA, SB, or sleep-related outcomes among immigrant children were included. RESULTS Of 2724 retrieved articles, 55 were selected for full-text screening and 12 met the eligibility criteria. Five studies were based on nationally representative samples. Over half (n = 7; 58%) of the studies assessed only PA, one reported only sleep, three reported both PA and SB, and one reported all three behaviours. Only one study used device-based measure. Assessment of PA and SB varied greatly across the studies with their differing definitions. The prevalence of doing PA ranged from 48 to 72%. Three studies reported an average sedentary time ranging from 1 to 3 h/day. One study reported that 10-13% of immigrant children in the USA had inadequate sleep. All of the studies reviewed were from Western countries with no study from non-Western countries. CONCLUSIONS Future studies should include all three movement behaviours and use standard assessment tools and definitions. Future research should extend beyond Western countries to non-Western countries with immigrant children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Ahmed
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Therapies Annexe (84A), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Riaz Uddin
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Therapies Annexe (84A), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jenny Ziviani
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Therapies Annexe (84A), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Therapies Annexe (84A), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION International migrants' health has often been found to deteriorate in new countries, partly due to changes in health risk behaviours such as alcohol consumption, tobacco use, physical inactivity, and poor dietary habits. However, limited efforts have been made to comprehensively evaluate the extent to which migrants adopt unhealthy risk behaviours with longer duration of residence. This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarise evidence on international migrants' behavioural patterns by duration of residence in multiple country contexts. METHODS AND ANALYSIS PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and ProQuest databases will be searched for quantitative or mixed-method observational studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2019. Studies comparing foreign-born individuals by duration of residence will be included. Information on study characteristics, descriptive statistics and measures of effect will be extracted. All included studies will be quality assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The review will include narrative synthesis and, if sufficient and comparable data are available, random effects meta-analyses. The review will be conducted in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required since previously published information from peer-reviewed studies will be assessed. The results of this review will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences. Other forms of dissemination will include communication to broader audiences using well-established channels, including through university-based press releases. Progress will be regularly updated on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews to ensure full transparency. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018108881.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Berg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina-Katri Gustafsson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Honkaniemi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sol Pia Juárez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ghirimoldi F, Sanchez-Soto G. Immigrant assimilation and profiles of breast cancer screening behaviors among U.S. immigrant women. Health Care Women Int 2020; 42:213-234. [PMID: 32779966 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2020.1797034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous researchers have shown that despite increased prevention and cancer risk awareness, many immigrant women do not receive cancer screenings in a timely manner. We use data from the National Health Interview Survey and Latent Class Analysis to characterize immigrant women in the U.S. in accordance to their risk of engaging in breast cancer prevention. We identify three latent profiles based on use of cancer screenings, sociodemographic characteristics, family cancer history, and immigrant acculturation. Our results show that cancer screening behaviors of immigrants are consistent with patterns of both classic and segmented assimilation, as well as with greater immigrant diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ghirimoldi
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Byrne G, Murphy F, Eustace-Cook J, Mooney M, O'Brien F, O'Donnell S, Corry M, Lynch AM, Neenan K, McKee G. Prevalence of tobacco smoking among European migrants residing in EU 15 countries: a quantitative systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2020; 18:2647-2657. [PMID: 32740029 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-d-19-00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the prevalence of tobacco smoking in European migrants residing in EU 15 countries. INTRODUCTION Most of the migration within the World Health Organization European Region is intracontinental. The prevalence of smoking varies greatly across the European Region. Migrants may choose to adopt the smoking behaviors of their host countries or retain the smoking behaviors of their countries of origin. Several studies have identified the high prevalence of smoking of some migrant groups in comparison to their host countries, but no systematic reviews have been completed on intracontinental migrants within the European Region. INCLUSION CRITERIA Epidemiological studies, which include data on the prevalence of tobacco smoking in European migrants aged ≥ 15 years of age living in the following EU 15 countries host countries for ≥ 1 year: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ASSIA, and Web of Science will be searched to identify published studies. General gray literature (eg, Open Grey) as well as gray literature for migrants (Migrant Health Research Portal) and tobacco will be searched. The JBI methodology for systematic reviews of prevalence will be used in this review. Data synthesis will use meta-analysis where appropriate and narrative synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobnait Byrne
- Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, Trinity College Dublin: A JBI Affiliated Group, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona Murphy
- Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, Trinity College Dublin: A JBI Affiliated Group, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Mary Mooney
- Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, Trinity College Dublin: A JBI Affiliated Group, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frances O'Brien
- Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, Trinity College Dublin: A JBI Affiliated Group, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sharon O'Donnell
- Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, Trinity College Dublin: A JBI Affiliated Group, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Margarita Corry
- Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, Trinity College Dublin: A JBI Affiliated Group, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aileen M Lynch
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathleen Neenan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gabrielle McKee
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Jakič M, Rotar Pavlič D. Patients' perception of differences in general practitioners' attitudes toward immigrants compared to the general population: Qualicopc Slovenia. Zdr Varst 2016; 55:155-165. [PMID: 27703534 PMCID: PMC5031064 DOI: 10.1515/sjph-2016-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Globally, the number of immigrants is rising every year, so that the number of immigrants worldwide is estimated at 200 million. In Slovenia, immigrants comprise 6.5% of the overall population. Immigrants bring along to a foreign country their cultural differences and these differences can affect immigrants’ overall health status and lead to chronic health conditions. The aim of this study was to identify patients’ perception of general practitioners’ (GPs’) attitudes toward immigrants in Slovenia. Methods This study was based on the Qualicopc questionnaire. We used the questions that targeted patients’ experience with the appointment at their GP on the day that the study was carried out. Results There were no differences in GPs’ accessibility based on groups included in our study (p>0.05). Compared to the non-immigrant population, first-generation immigrants answered that their GPs were impolite (p=0.018) and that they did not take enough time for them (p=0.038). In addition, they also experienced more difficulties understanding their GP’s instructions (p<0.001). Second-generation immigrants experienced more negative behaviour from GPs, and first-generation immigrants had more difficulties understanding GPs’ instructions. Conclusion There may be some differences in patients’ perception of GPs’ attitudes towards immigrants in comparison with the general Slovenian population. However, based on the perception of the immigrants that do benefit from the medical care it is not possible to judge the GPs’ attitudes towards immigrants as worse compared to their attitude towards the non-immigrant population. Indeed, there may be other reasons why the patients answered the way they did.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jakič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Familiy Medicine, Poljanski nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danica Rotar Pavlič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Familiy Medicine, Poljanski nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Mulinari S, Bredström A, Merlo J. Questioning the discriminatory accuracy of broad migrant categories in public health: self-rated health in Sweden. Eur J Public Health 2015; 25:911-7. [PMID: 26072519 PMCID: PMC4668328 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Differences between natives and migrants in average risk for poor self-rated health (SRH) are well documented, which has lent support to proposals for interventions targeting disadvantaged minority groups. However, such proposals are based on measures of association that neglect individual heterogeneity around group averages and thereby the discriminatory accuracy (DA) of the categories used (i.e. their ability to discriminate the individuals with poor and good SRH, respectively). Therefore, applying DA measures rather than only measures of association our study revisits the value of broad native and migrant categorizations for predicting SRH. Design, setting and participants: We analyzed 27 723 individuals aged 18–80 who responded to a 2008 Swedish public health survey. We performed logistic regressions to estimate odds ratios (ORs), predicted risks and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AU-ROC) as a measure of epidemiological DA. Results: Being born abroad was associated with higher odds of poor SRH (OR = 1.75), but the AU-ROC of this variable only added 0.02 units to the AU-ROC for age alone (from 0.53 to 0.55). The AU-ROC increased, but remained unsatisfactorily low (0.62), when available social and demographic variables were included. Conclusions: Our results question the use of broad native/migrant categorizations as instruments for forecasting individual SRH. Such simple categorizations have a very low DA and should be abandoned in public health practice. Measures of association and DA should be reported together whenever an intervention is being considered, especially in the area of ethnicity, migration and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Mulinari
- 1 Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Social Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna Bredström
- 3 Department of Social Welfare Studies (ISV), REMESO Institute for Research on Migration, Ethnicity and Society, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Juan Merlo
- 2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Social Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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