Oral problems and associated risk indicators in adults in the Russian Federation, India, and China

[Systemic Influencing Factors of Dentition Defect in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Periodontitis]

Objective

To analyze the influencing factors of dentition defect in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis and to provide evidence-based support for improving the oral health and quality of life of T2DM patients.

Methods

A total of 169 patients with T2DM and periodontitis were selected by convenience sampling. According to the number of remaining teeth, the subjects were divided into two groups, group A (number of remaining teeth in the mouth≥20, n=115) and group B (the number of remaining teeth in the mouth<20, n=54). Questionnaire surveys, systemic and oral examinations, and laboratory blood tests were performed. Systematic influencing factors of dentition defect in people with T2DM and periodontitis were analyzed with logistic regression.

Results

Compared with patients in group A, patients in group B had higher findings in age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), prevalence of coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), periodontal probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Furthermore, their behaviors and awareness of oral health were not as good as those of patients in group A. Logistic regression showed that age, HbA1c, and SBP were independent risk factors for the number of remaining teeth in the mouth <20 among T2DM patients with periodontitis ( P<0.05).

Conclusion

Increasing age, lower HbA1c, and increased SBP are the most important influencing factors for the number of remaining teeth in the mouth <20 in T2DM patients with periodontitis. Clinical practitioners should give more attention to the general health status of the patients and strengthen health education, thereby improving patients' quality.

A Five-Year Retrospective Study of 746 Cases with Maxillofacial Space Infection in Western China

Purpose

To grasp the current epidemiological situation of maxillofacial space infection and investigate the risk factors contributing to the longer hospitalization of odontogenic space infection in western China.

Patients and Methods

This retrospective study collected the clinical characteristics from 746 hospitalized patients with maxillofacial space infection and investigated the risk factors associated with longer hospitalization. Pearson’s chi-square test and multivariable binary logistic regression were performed for statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 438 males and 308 females were included in this study, aging from 1 to 90 years (mean age 48.6 years). 74.9% cases resulted from odontogenic infections, with the submandibular space being the most commonly involved space (53.7%). Advanced age (OR (>60 y:19–60 y:≤18 y) = 3.784:3.416:1, p < 0.05), treatment before admission (OR = 2.271, p < 0.05) and number of involved spaces (OR (≥4:2–3:1) = 3.204:1.931:1, p < 0.05) were closely related to longer hospitalization. Streptococcus being the most frequently found aerobic bacteria (268/615, 43.6%) of all the bacteria isolated was resistant to clarithromycin (91.5%) and erythromycin (92.8%).

Conclusion

Hospitalization time could be longer for patients with the identified risk factors. Streptococcus, as the most common type of aerobic flora, is highly resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin.

A proposed classification for orthodontic practice in India

Aim and Background:

Dental practice is blooming in India with many conventional and advanced setups providing orthodontic services. Orthodontics as a specialty has come to the forefront, as awareness of orthodontic therapy has increased. It is important to classify any health practice to understand, compare, and research the implications of various organizational setups in the country. It should possess the ability to chart the similarities and distinctions between different setups for ease of communication and patient awareness. Presently, there is no defined system that classifies the type of orthodontic practice in the country. Lack of any classification of the organizational setups makes it impossible to categorize or compare the various setups for research purpose, recognition of the dental personnel and facilities provided. This article aims to propose a simple 3-stage classification to orthodontic practices in India.

Technique:

Three-stage classification of orthodontic practice in group, type, and subtype gives a comprehensive coverage to all types of orthodontic setups in India. The group explains the center in three levels based on the armamentarium and services provided. The type explains the center in five levels based on ownership and scope of providing care. Finally, the subtype explains the availability and qualification of the operating personnel.

Conclusion and Significance:

This classification aims to provide a tool for communication and recording the levels of orthodontic care possible at any given center. It also facilitates continued study of its impact on practice efficacy and patient awareness.