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Zhang J, Pan C. Analysing predictors of surgical site infections in patients undergoing emergency surgery for traumatic pulmonary haemorrhage. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14860. [PMID: 38572791 PMCID: PMC10993333 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying predictors for surgical site infections (SSIs) after emergency surgical treatment for traumatic pulmonary haemorrhage (TPH) is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aims to ascertain these predictors. In this comprehensive retrospective study, conducted from January 2020 to December 2023 at our institution, 75 patients were analysed, including a case group of 25 patients with SSIs and a control group of 50 without SSIs post-TPH surgery. Inclusion criteria focused on patients aged 18 and above undergoing thoracotomy or minimally invasive thoracic surgery for TPH. Exclusion criteria included compromised immune systems, chronic pulmonary diseases, prior thoracic surgery or active infections at admission. We assessed several predictors: anaemia; operation time over 2 h; hospital stay over 5 days; intraoperative blood loss exceeding 500 mL; body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2; age ≥ 50 years; use of surgical drains; the presence of open wounds; diabetes mellitus and non-prophylactic antibiotic use. Statistical analysis involved univariate and multivariate logistic regression, using SPSS Version 27.0. Univariate analysis revealed significant associations between SSIs and surgical drain placement, diabetes mellitus, open wounds and non-prophylactic antibiotic use (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis confirmed these factors as significant predictors of SSIs, with notable odds ratios. Other variables like anaemia, extended hospital stay, excessive intraoperative blood loss, older age and higher BMI did not significantly predict SSIs. Significant predictors for SSIs following TPH surgery include surgical drain placement, diabetes mellitus, open wounds and non-prophylactic antibiotic use. Identifying and managing these risks is crucial in clinical practice to reduce SSIs incidence and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina
| | - Chengwen Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryThe Second Hospital of Yinzhou DistrictNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina
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Tominaga N, Hayakawa M, Yokobori S. Blush in Lung Contusions Is Not Rare and Has a High Risk of Mortality in Patients With Blunt Chest Trauma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:858511. [PMID: 35755065 PMCID: PMC9218535 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.858511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPatients with blunt chest trauma have a high mortality rate. The assessment of blush in hepatic and splenic trauma is important for determining the need for emergency hemostatic interventions. However, the frequency and importance of blush in lung contusions are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of blush in patients with lung contusions and elucidate the relationship between blush and the clinical outcomes of patients with blunt chest trauma.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we enrolled patients with an injury severity score of 16 or higher and a chest abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score of 3 or higher who were admitted to the emergency department of Hokkaido University Hospital from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2016. Blush was defined as active extravasation of an intravascular contrast agent recognized on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The date of trauma, trauma severity, treatments, and outcomes were obtained from the patients’ electronic medical records.ResultsDuring the study period, 83 patients had severe lung contusions and 13 had blush. In-hospital mortality of patients with blush was significantly higher than that of patients without blush (53 vs. 10%, P < 0.001). Patients with blush required thoracic drainage more frequently (100 vs. 71%, P < 0.001) and support through mechanical ventilation more often (100 vs. 64%, P < 0.001) and for a longer duration (median duration, 0 vs. 25 days, P = 0.001) than patients without blush.ConclusionsOur study revealed that blush in lung contusions was not rare and was associated with a high risk of mortality in patients with severe blunt chest trauma. Clinicians should not hesitate to intervene if blush is detected in a lung contusion of a patient with blunt chest trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tominaga
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineji Hayakawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Mineji Hayakawa,
| | - Shoji Yokobori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Thrailkill MA, Gladin KH, Thorpe CR, Roberts TR, Choi JH, Chung KK, Necsoiu CN, Rasmussen TE, Cancio LC, Batchinsky AI. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA): update and insights into current practices and future directions for research and implementation. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2021; 29:8. [PMID: 33407759 PMCID: PMC7789715 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-020-00807-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this review, we assess the state of Resuscitative Endovascular Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) today with respect to out-of-hospital (OOH) vs. inhospital (H) use in blunt and penetrating trauma, as well as discuss areas of promising research that may be key in further advancement of REBOA applications. Methods To analyze the trends in REBOA use, we conducted a review of the literature and identified articles with human or animal data that fit the respective inclusion and exclusion criteria. In separate tables, we compiled data extracted from selected articles in categories including injury type, zone and duration of REBOA, setting in which REBOA was performed, sample size, age, sex and outcome. Based on these tables as well as more detailed review of some key cases of REBOA usage, we assessed the current state of REBOA as well as coagulation and histological disturbances associated with its usage. All statistical tests were 2-sided using an alpha=0.05 for significance. Analysis was done using SAS 9.5 (Cary, NC). Tests for significance was done with a t-test for continuous data and a Chi Square Test for categorical data. Results In a total of 44 cases performed outside of a hospital in both military and civilian settings, the overall survival was found to be 88.6%, significantly higher than the 50.4% survival calculated from 1,807 cases of REBOA performed within a hospital (p<.0001). We observe from human data a propensity to use Zone I in penetrating trauma and Zone III in blunt injuries. We observe lower final metabolic markers in animal studies with shorter REBOA time and longer follow-up times. Conclusions Further research related to human use of REBOA must be focused on earlier initiation of REBOA after injury which may depend on development of rapid vascular access devices and techniques more so than on any new improvements in REBOA. Future animal studies should provide detailed multisystem organ assessment to accurately define organ injury and metabolic burden associated with REBOA application. Overall, animal studies must involve realistic models of injury with severe clinical scenarios approximating human trauma and exsanguination, especially with long-term follow-up after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne A Thrailkill
- Glacier Technical Solutions, El Paso, TX, USA.,Extracorporeal Life Support Capability Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA
| | | | - Catherine R Thorpe
- Extracorporeal Life Support Capability Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Teryn R Roberts
- Extracorporeal Life Support Capability Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA.,Autonomous Reanimation and Evacuation Research Program, The Geneva Foundation, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jae H Choi
- Extracorporeal Life Support Capability Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA.,Autonomous Reanimation and Evacuation Research Program, The Geneva Foundation, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kevin K Chung
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Corina N Necsoiu
- Prolonged Field Care Capability Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Todd E Rasmussen
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leopoldo C Cancio
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andriy I Batchinsky
- Extracorporeal Life Support Capability Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA. .,Autonomous Reanimation and Evacuation Research Program, The Geneva Foundation, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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