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Haseeb A, Saleem Z, Faidah HS, Saati AA, AlQarni A, Iqbal MS, Alghamdi S, Elrggal ME, AlGethamy M, Radwan RM, Mahrous AJ, Abuhussain SSA, Khayyat SM, Ibrahim K, Godman B, Sheikh A. Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance among Pilgrims with Infectious Diseases during Hajj: Lessons Learnt from COVID-19 Pandemic. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1299. [PMID: 37627718 PMCID: PMC10451798 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hajj pilgrimage is a large mass gathering global event that may facilitate the spread and emergence of various infectious diseases as well as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in a local and global scenario. Planning and preparing for these public health issues is a challenging and complex process for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) health authorities. Despite multiple efforts for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases through longtime funding in education and medical care, the prevalence of infectious disease is still high among Hajj pilgrims. The commonly observed infectious diseases during Hajj include respiratory tract infections (influenza and pneumonia), urinary tract infections and skin infections that may necessitate the use of antimicrobials. Beta-lactams are used as a first-line treatment for hospital acquired infections as well as community acquired infections due to their broad-spectrum activity. However, most of the bacterial isolates such as Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and E. coli are resistant to beta-lactams. Irrational use of antimicrobials, lack of infection prevention practices and suboptimal healthcare access further exacerbate the risk of spreading AMR among Hajj pilgrims. Enhanced collaboration between countries, sharing of best practices and international cooperation are crucial in addressing AMR threats among pilgrims. Consequently, robust surveillance systems for early detection and monitoring of AMR, collaboration with national as well as international healthcare agencies, effective infection prevention and control measures, public awareness and rational use of antimicrobials via antimicrobial stewardship programs are required to mitigate the risk of AMR and ensure the health and well-being of pilgrims during Hajj.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zikria Saleem
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Hani Saleh Faidah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Saati
- Department of Community Medicine & Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullmoin AlQarni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alnoor Specialist Hospital Makkah, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alghamdi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University, Al Baha 57911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud E. Elrggal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal AlGethamy
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control Program, Alnoor Specialist Hospital Makkah, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rozan Mohammad Radwan
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Jamal Mahrous
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sarah M. Khayyat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiran Ibrahim
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK
| | - Brian Godman
- School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Strathclyde University, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
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Erassa TE, Bachore BB, Faltamo WF, Molla S, Bogino EA. Vaccine Cold Chain Management and Associated Factors in Public Health Facilities and District Health Offices of Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:75-84. [PMID: 36660041 PMCID: PMC9843497 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s385466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccines are medical products with a short shelf life and are easily damaged by deviations in temperature from the recommended ranges. Vaccines lose their quality if the cold chain system is not properly managed. Cold chain management is still a major challenge in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess vaccine cold chain management and associated factors at public health facilities and district health offices. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study design was applied from March 1-28, 2021. One hundred and thirty-six health institutions were selected by simple random sampling method. Data was collected using the observation check list and interviewer-administered pre-tested structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. The binary logistic regression was employed and those variables with a p-value less than 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were used for multivariable logistic regression. Then multivariate analysis at a p-value <0.05 and AOR with 95% CI was used to measure the degree of association between independent variables and the outcome variable. Results The study indicates that 83 (61%) public health facilities had good cold chain management practice at 95% CI (52.2-68.4). Experience greater than 2 years (AOR=2.8, 95% CI=1.13-6.74), good knowledge on cold chain management (AOR=3.02, 95% CI=1.2-7.4), training on cold chain management (AOR=1.86, 95% CI=1.36-9.84), and supportive supervision on cold chain management (AOR=2.71, 95% CI=1.1-7.14) were statistically significantly associated with good cold chain management practice. Conclusion The result of the study indicated that there was low cold chain management practice in the study area. Strengthening the knowledge of healthcare workers and supportive supervision on cold chain management by giving training and monitoring their practice toward cold chain management may help to improve the cold chain management practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Eka Erassa
- Maternal, Neonatal, Child Helath and Nutrition Directorate, Wolaita Zone Health Department, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | | | - Wolde Facha Faltamo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Simegn Molla
- School of Public Health, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Efa Ambaw Bogino
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Efa Ambaw Bogino, Email
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Mohapatra RK, Mishra S, Kandi V, Sarangi AK, Ansari A, Pattnaik G, Dhama K. Deadly endemic zoonotic disease Ebola re-emerges in the democratic Republic of Congo amid the ongoing COVID-19: are we prepared from lessons learnt? - Correspondence. Int J Surg 2022; 106:106945. [PMID: 36155258 PMCID: PMC9494864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, 758002, Odisha, India.
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Campus-11, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Venkataramana Kandi
- Department of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, 505417, Telangana, India
| | - Ashish K Sarangi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
| | - Azaj Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India
| | - Gurudutta Pattnaik
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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Petersen E, Asogun D, Ntoumi F, Zumla A. Infection control at mass religious gatherings. BMJ 2022; 378:e072884. [PMID: 36028232 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eskild Petersen
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Danny Asogun
- Irrua Specialized Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria
| | - Francine Ntoumi
- Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche Médicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, London, UK
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