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Zhou J, Zhang C, Mao W, Zhu Y, Zhao H, Han R, Peng Y, Pan G, Fang Y. Development of TSHR-CAR NK-92 Cells for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024:112251. [PMID: 38670219 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the predominant type of thyroid cancer, with some patients experiencing relapse, distant metastases, or refractoriness, revealing limited treatment options. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified Natural Killer (NK) cells are revolutionary therapeutic agents effective against various resistant cancers. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) expression in DTC provides a unique tumor-specific target for CAR therapy. Here, we developed an innovative strategy for treating DTC using modified NK-92 cells armed with a TSHR-targeted CAR. The modified cells showed enhanced cytotoxicity against TSHR-positive DTC cell lines and exhibited elevated degranulation and cytokine release. After undergoing irradiation, the cells effectively halted their proliferative capacity while maintaining potent targeted killing ability. Transfer of these irradiation-treated cells into NSG mice with DTC tumors resulted in profound tumor suppression. NK-92 cells modified with TSHR-CAR offer a promising, off-the-shelf option for advancing DTC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, LiShui Central Hospital, the Fifth Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Core Facilities, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang province, China.
| | - Weibo Mao
- Department of Pathology, LiShui Central Hospital, the Fifth Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yiling Zhu
- Department of Pathology, LiShui Central Hospital, the Fifth Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Huan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, LiShui Central Hospital, the Fifth Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Ruozhen Han
- Radiotherapy center, WenZhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - You Peng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Gang Pan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yang Fang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Gimblet GR, Whitt J, Houson HA, Lin D, Guenter R, Rao TC, Wang D, Ness J, Gonzalez ML, Murphy MS, Gillis A, Chen H, Copland JA, Kenderian SS, Lloyd RV, Szkudlinski MW, Lapi SE, Jaskula-Sztul R. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) as a target for imaging differentiated thyroid cancer. Surgery 2024; 175:199-206. [PMID: 37919223 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Of the half a million cases of thyroid cancer diagnosed annually, 95% are differentiated thyroid cancers. Although clinical guidelines recommend surgical resection followed by radioactive iodine ablation, loss of sodium-iodine symporter expression causes up to 20% of differentiated thyroid cancers to become radioactive iodine refractory. For patients with radioactive iodine refractory disease, there is an urgent need for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We evaluated the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor as a potential target for imaging of differentiated thyroid cancer. METHODS We immunostained tissue microarrays containing 52 Hurthle cell carcinomas to confirm thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor expression. We radiolabeled chelator deferoxamine conjugated to recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone analog superagonist TR1402 with 89Zr (t1/2 = 78.4 h, β+ =22.7%) to produce [89Zr]Zr-TR1402. We performed in vitro uptake assays in high-thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor and low-thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor-expressing THJ529T and FTC133 thyroid cancer cell lines. We performed in vivo positron emission tomography/computed tomography and biodistribution studies in male athymic nude mice bearing thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor-positive THJ529T tumors. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis revealed 62% of patients (27 primary and 5 recurrent) were thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor membranous immunostain positive. In vitro uptake of 1nM [89Zr]Zr-TR1402 was 38 ± 17% bound/mg in thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor-positive THJ529T thyroid cancer cell lines compared to 3.2 ± 0.5 in the low-expressing cell line (P < .01), with a similar difference seen in FTC133 cell lines (P < .0001). In vivo and biodistribution studies showed uptake of [89Zr]Zr-TR1402 in thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor-expressing tumors, with a mean percentage of injected dose/g of 1.9 ± 0.4 at 3 days post-injection. CONCLUSION Our observation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor expression in tissue microarrays and [89Zr]Zr-TR1402 accumulation in thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor-positive thyroid cancer cells and tumors suggests thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor is a promising target for imaging of differentiated thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grayson R Gimblet
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jason Whitt
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Hailey A Houson
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Diana Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rachael Guenter
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. https://twitter.com/rachaelguenter
| | - Tejeshwar C Rao
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Dezhi Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - John Ness
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Madisen S Murphy
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Andrea Gillis
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Herbert Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. https://twitter.com/herbchen
| | - John A Copland
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL
| | | | - Ricardo V Lloyd
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. https://twitter.com/lapisuzanne
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Komatsuda H, Kono M, Wakisaka R, Sato R, Inoue T, Kumai T, Takahara M. Harnessing Immunity to Treat Advanced Thyroid Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:45. [PMID: 38250858 PMCID: PMC10820966 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) has increased over the past 30 years. Although differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has a good prognosis in most patients undergoing total thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine therapy (RAI), 5-10% of patients develop metastasis. Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) has a low survival rate and few effective treatments have been available to date. Recently, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been successfully applied to RAI-resistant or non-responsive TC to suppress the disease. However, TC eventually develops resistance to TKIs. Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for TC, the majority of which is considered an immune-hot malignancy. Immune suppression by TC cells and immune-suppressing cells, including tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells, is complex and dynamic. Negative immune checkpoints, cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) suppress antitumor T cells. Basic and translational advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), molecule-targeted therapy, tumor-specific immunotherapy, and their combinations have enabled us to overcome immune suppression and activate antitumor immune cells. This review summarizes current findings regarding the immune microenvironment, immunosuppression, immunological targets, and immunotherapy for TC and highlights the potential efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Komatsuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.K.); (M.K.); (R.W.); (R.S.); (T.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Michihisa Kono
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.K.); (M.K.); (R.W.); (R.S.); (T.I.); (M.T.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Risa Wakisaka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.K.); (M.K.); (R.W.); (R.S.); (T.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Ryosuke Sato
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.K.); (M.K.); (R.W.); (R.S.); (T.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.K.); (M.K.); (R.W.); (R.S.); (T.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Takumi Kumai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.K.); (M.K.); (R.W.); (R.S.); (T.I.); (M.T.)
- Department of Innovative Head & Neck Cancer Research and Treatment, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | - Miki Takahara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan; (H.K.); (M.K.); (R.W.); (R.S.); (T.I.); (M.T.)
- Department of Innovative Head & Neck Cancer Research and Treatment, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
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Tao Y, Li P, Feng C, Cao Y. New Insights into Immune Cells and Immunotherapy for Thyroid Cancer. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:1039-1064. [PMID: 37846977 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2268656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide, and the incidence of TC has gradually increased in recent decades. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common subtype and has a good prognosis. However, advanced DTC patients with recurrence, metastasis and iodine refractoriness, as well as more aggressive subtypes such as poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), still pose a great challenge for clinical management. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to explore the inherent molecular heterogeneity of different TC subtypes and the global landscape of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to find new potential therapeutic targets. Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic strategy that can be used alone or in combination with drugs targeting tumor-driven genes. This article focuses on the genomic characteristics, tumor-associated immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression of different subtypes of TC patients to provide guidance for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Tao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Yao X, Liu H, Wang Z, Lu F, Chen W, Feng Q, Miao Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen Y, Xue L, Liu Y, Chen L, Zhang Q. Circular RNA EIF3I promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression by interacting with AUF1 to increase Cyclin D1 production. Oncogene 2023; 42:3206-3218. [PMID: 37697064 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in regulating the development of human cancers through diverse biological functions. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the role of circRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remain largely unknown. Here, we found that hsa_circ_0011385, designated as circular eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I (circEIF3I), preferentially localized in the cytoplasm of PTC cells and was more stable than its linear counterpart, EIF3I. Gain- and loss-of-function studies indicated that circEIF3I promoted PTC progression by facilitating cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell migration, and invasion in vitro, as well as PTC cell proliferation in vivo. Mechanistically, circEIF3I interacted with AU-rich element (ARE) RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF1) in the cytoplasm of PTC cells, thus reducing the degradation of Cyclin D1 mRNA and increasing Cyclin D1 protein production, ultimately resulting in PTC progression. Collectively, our results demonstrate the vital role of circEIF3I in PTC progression, supporting its significance as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Hanyuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Core Facility Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Fangting Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wenying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Core Facility Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yahu Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Liping Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
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Li X, Li W, Xu L, Song Y. Chimeric antigen receptor-immune cells against solid tumors: Structures, mechanisms, recent advances, and future developments. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023:00029330-990000000-00778. [PMID: 37640679 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapies has led to breakthroughs in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, their success in treating solid tumors has been limited. CAR-natural killer (NK) cells have several advantages over CAR-T cells because NK cells can be made from pre-existing cell lines or allogeneic NK cells with a mismatched major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which means they are more likely to become an "off-the-shelf" product. Moreover, they can kill cancer cells via CAR-dependent/independent pathways and have limited toxicity. Macrophages are the most malleable immune cells in the body. These cells can efficiently infiltrate into tumors and are present in large numbers in tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Importantly, CAR-macrophages (CAR-Ms) have recently yielded exciting preclinical results in several solid tumors. Nevertheless, CAR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M all have their own advantages and limitations. In this review, we systematically discuss the current status, progress, and the major hurdles of CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells, and CAR-M as they relate to five aspects: CAR structure, therapeutic mechanisms, the latest research progress, current challenges and solutions, and comparison according to the existing research in order to provide a reasonable option for treating solid tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan450008, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan450052, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan450052, China
| | - Linping Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan450008, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan450008, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan450052, China
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Hamidi S, Hofmann MC, Iyer PC, Cabanillas ME, Hu MI, Busaidy NL, Dadu R. Review article: new treatments for advanced differentiated thyroid cancers and potential mechanisms of drug resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1176731. [PMID: 37435488 PMCID: PMC10331470 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1176731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of advanced, radioiodine refractory, differentiated thyroid cancers (RR-DTCs) has undergone major advancements in the last decade, causing a paradigm shift in the management and prognosis of these patients. Better understanding of the molecular drivers of tumorigenesis and access to next generation sequencing of tumors have led to the development and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approval of numerous targeted therapies for RR-DTCs, including antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitors, and more recently, fusion-specific kinase inhibitors such as RET inhibitors and NTRK inhibitors. BRAF + MEK inhibitors have also been approved for BRAF-mutated solid tumors and are routinely used in RR-DTCs in many centers. However, none of the currently available treatments are curative, and most patients will ultimately show progression. Current research efforts are therefore focused on identifying resistance mechanisms to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and ways to overcome them. Various novel treatment strategies are under investigation, including immunotherapy, redifferentiation therapy, and second-generation kinase inhibitors. In this review, we will discuss currently available drugs for advanced RR-DTCs, potential mechanisms of drug resistance and future therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ramona Dadu
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Yang X, Wu Y, Xu S, Li H, Peng C, Cui X, Dhoomun DK, Wang G, Xu T, Dong M, Li X, Du Y. Targeting the inward rectifier potassium channel 5.1 in thyroid cancer: artificial intelligence-facilitated molecular docking for drug discovery. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:113. [PMID: 37208644 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent and metastatic thyroid cancer is more invasive and can transform to dedifferentiated thyroid cancer, thus leading to a severe decline in the 10-year survival. The thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) plays an important role in differentiation process. We aim to find a therapeutic target in redifferentiation strategies for thyroid cancer. METHODS Our study integrated the differentially expressed genes acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database by comparing TSHR expression levels in the Cancer Genome Atlas database. We conducted functional enrichment analysis and verified the expression of these genes by RT-PCR in 68 pairs of thyroid tumor and paratumor tissues. Artificial intelligence-enabled virtual screening was combined with the VirtualFlow platform for deep docking. RESULTS We identified five genes (KCNJ16, SLC26A4, TG, TPO, and SYT1) as potential cancer treatment targets. TSHR and KCNJ16 were downregulated in the thyroid tumor tissues, compared with paired normal tissues. In addition, KCNJ16 was lower in the vascular/capsular invasion group. Enrichment analyses revealed that KCNJ16 may play a significant role in cell growth and differentiation. The inward rectifier potassium channel 5.1 (Kir5.1, encoded by KCNJ16) emerged as an interesting target in thyroid cancer. Artificial intelligence-facilitated molecular docking identified Z2087256678_2, Z2211139111_1, Z2211139111_2, and PV-000592319198_1 (-7.3 kcal/mol) as the most potent commercially available molecular targeting Kir5.1. CONCLUSION This study may provide greater insights into the differentiation features associated with TSHR expression in thyroid cancer, and Kir5.1 may be a potential therapeutic target in the redifferentiation strategies for recurrent and metastatic thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanning Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Peng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Cui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Deenraj Kush Dhoomun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology research center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglu Dong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaying Du
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Maher J, Davies DM. CAR-Based Immunotherapy of Solid Tumours-A Survey of the Emerging Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1171. [PMID: 36831514 PMCID: PMC9953954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with CAR T-cells has revolutionised the treatment of B-cell and plasma cell-derived cancers. However, solid tumours present a much greater challenge for treatment using CAR-engineered immune cells. In a partner review, we have surveyed data generated in clinical trials in which patients with solid tumours that expressed any of 30 discrete targets were treated with CAR-based immunotherapy. That exercise confirms that efficacy of this approach falls well behind that seen in haematological malignancies, while significant toxic events have also been reported. Here, we consider approximately 60 additional candidates for which such clinical data are not available yet, but where pre-clinical data have provided support for their advancement to clinical evaluation as CAR target antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maher
- CAR Mechanics Group, Guy’s Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Department of Immunology, Eastbourne Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
- Leucid Bio Ltd., Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - David M. Davies
- Leucid Bio Ltd., Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
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10
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Hu Y, Feng J, Gu T, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhou L, Hong R, Tan Su Yin E, Zhang M, Lu P, Huang H. CAR T-cell therapies in China: rapid evolution and a bright future. Lancet Haematol 2022; 9:e930-e941. [DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(22)00291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Nagayama Y, Nishihara E. Thyrotropin receptor antagonists and inverse agonists, and their potential application to thyroid diseases. Endocr J 2022; 69:1285-1293. [PMID: 36171093 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) plays critical roles in thyroid growth and function and in the pathogenesis of several thyroid diseases including Graves' hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy, non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. Several low-molecular weight compounds (LMWCs) and anti-TSHR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with receptor antagonistic and inverse agonistic activities have been reported. The former binds to the pocket formed by the receptor transmembrane bundle, and the latter to the extracellular TSH binding site. Both are effective inhibitors of TSH/thyroid stimulating antibody-stimulated cAMP and/or hyaluronic acid production in TSHR-expressing cells. Anti-insulin-like growth factor 1 inhibitors are also found to inhibit TSHR signaling. Each agent has advantages and disadvantages; for example, mAbs have a higher affinity and longer half-life but are more costly than LMWCs. At present, mAbs appear most promising, yet the development of more efficacious LMWCs is desirable. These agents are anticipated to be efficacious not only for the above-mentioned diseases but also for resistance to thyroid hormone and have utility for thyroid cancer radionuclide scintigraphy/therapy as a new theranostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nagayama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Eijun Nishihara
- Center for Excellence in Thyroid Care, Kuma Hospital, Kobe 650-0011, Japan
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12
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Qu C, Zhang H, Cao H, Tang L, Mo H, Liu F, Zhang L, Yi Z, Long L, Yan L, Wang Z, Zhang N, Luo P, Zhang J, Liu Z, Ye W, Liu Z, Cheng Q. Tumor buster - where will the CAR-T cell therapy 'missile' go? Mol Cancer 2022; 21:201. [PMID: 36261831 PMCID: PMC9580202 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy based on gene editing technology represents a significant breakthrough in personalized immunotherapy for human cancer. This strategy uses genetic modification to enable T cells to target tumor-specific antigens, attack specific cancer cells, and bypass tumor cell apoptosis avoidance mechanisms to some extent. This method has been extensively used to treat hematologic diseases, but the therapeutic effect in solid tumors is not ideal. Tumor antigen escape, treatment-related toxicity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) limit their use of it. Target selection is the most critical aspect in determining the prognosis of patients receiving this treatment. This review provides a comprehensive summary of all therapeutic targets used in the clinic or shown promising potential. We summarize CAR-T cell therapies’ clinical trials, applications, research frontiers, and limitations in treating different cancers. We also explore coping strategies when encountering sub-optimal tumor-associated antigens (TAA) or TAA loss. Moreover, the importance of CAR-T cell therapy in cancer immunotherapy is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrun Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, The Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lanhua Tang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoyang Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangkun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenjie Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lifu Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Luzhe Yan
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,One-third Lab, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weijie Ye
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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13
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Ding J, Li D, Liu X, Hei H, Sun B, Zhou D, Zhou K, Song Y. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed and refractory thyroid cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:59. [PMID: 36138444 PMCID: PMC9494903 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00311-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of most thyroid cancer patients is excellent, but for those with advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer, effective treatments are still lacking. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has gained remarkable achievements in hematologic malignancy but shown limited efficacy in solid tumors. In this report, we showed a relapsed and refractory thyroid cancer patient treated with TSHR + CD19 CAR-T, a combination of two 2nd generation CAR-T molecules targeting both TSHR and CD19. This patient finally achieved partial remission at 3 months and was tolerate well to the regimen. Our study suggested that the CAR-T therapy could be a feasible way in treating relapsed and refractory thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ding
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Deyu Li
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Xingchen Liu
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Hu Hei
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Baoxi Sun
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Dongmin Zhou
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Keshu Zhou
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Yongping Song
- The affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
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14
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Zhou J, Chen J, Huang Y, Gao X, Zhou C, Meng X, Sun J. Signaling Dynamics of TSHR-Specific CAR-T Cells Revealed by FRET-Based Biosensors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:845319. [PMID: 35252208 PMCID: PMC8893275 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.845319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most patients with thyroid cancers have good prognosis and long-term survival, some patients are refractory to traditional therapeutic approaches and face a high risk of mortality. CAR-T therapy provides an attractive strategy to treat these patients. Considering the limited expression in thyroid tissues, thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) has been considered as a promising candidate as CAR-T target. However, it is still a challenge to find the optimal CAR design for the treatment of thyroid cancers. Dynamic signaling cascade is initiated by CAR molecules during CAR-T cell activation. The development of FRET-based biosensors enables us to detect the signaling dynamics of key kinases during CAR-T cell activation with high spatiotemporal resolution. Here using the ZAP70 and ERK biosensors, we visualized the dynamics of ZAP70 and ERK activities in TSHR-specific CAR-T cells upon antigen stimulation. We first constructed several TSHR-targeting CARs for the treatment of advanced thyroid cancers. The TSHR CAR-T cells with CD28 or 4-1BB co-stimulatory signaling domains exhibited potent cytotoxicity in vitro. By FRET imaging, we observed rapid increase of ZAP70 and ERK activities in TSHR CAR-T cells upon target cell binding. Even though CD28-based CAR-T cells had similar ZAP70 activation dynamics as 4-1BB-based CAR-T cells, they displayed slightly enhanced ERK activation, which may contribute to their faster anti-tumor kinetics in vivo. These results demonstrated the efficacy of TSHR CAR-T cells to treat advanced thyroid cancers. Our study indicated the potential of applying FRET biosensors to optimize the design of CAR for effective CAR-T therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, People’s Hospital of Dongxihu District Wuhan City and Union Dongxihu Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangqing Chen
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University and Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- School of Public Health, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Meng
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University and Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianhui Meng, ; Jie Sun,
| | - Jie Sun
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University and Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianhui Meng, ; Jie Sun,
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