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Takano K, Kaneda M, Aoki Y, Fujita N, Chiba S, Michihara S, Han LK, Takahashi R. The protective effects of Ninjin'yoeito against liver steatosis/fibrosis in a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis model mouse. J Nat Med 2024:10.1007/s11418-024-01786-2. [PMID: 38498120 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive fibrotic form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver fibrosis leads to liver cancer and cirrhosis, and drug therapy for NASH remains lacking. Ninjin'yoeito (NYT) has shown antifibrotic effects in a model of liver fibrosis without steatosis but has not been studied for NASH. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of NYT in mice fed a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) as a NASH model. Compared with the normal diet group, mice fed CDAHFD showed decreased body weight and increased white adipose tissue, liver weight, and triglyceride content in the liver. Furthermore, a substantial increase in the hepatic concentration of hydroxyproline, expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and transforming growth factor-β was observed in CDAHFD-fed mice. Masson's trichrome and Picro-Sirius red staining revealed a remarkable increase in collagen fiber compared with the normal diet group. Compared with mice that received CDAHFD alone, those supplemented with NYT exhibited reduced hepatic triglyceride and hydroxyproline levels and α-SMA expression. Additionally, compared with the group fed CDAHFD alone, the stained liver tissues of NYT-treated mice exhibited a reduction in Masson's trichrome- and Picro-Sirius red-positive areas. Locomotor activity was significantly reduced in the CDAHFD-fed group compared with the normal diet group. In the NYT-treated group, the CDAHFD-induced decrease in locomotor activity was significantly suppressed. The findings indicate that NYT inhibited fatty and fibrotic changes in the livers of NASH mice and alleviated the decrease in locomotor activity. Therefore, NYT may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Takano
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Marisa Kaneda
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yayoi Aoki
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nina Fujita
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shigeki Chiba
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Seiwa Michihara
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Li-Kun Han
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ryuji Takahashi
- Kampo Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Company, Kracie, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-Machi, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan
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Leclerc D, Christensen KE, Reagan AM, Keser V, Luan Y, Malysheva OV, Wasek B, Bottiglieri T, Caudill MA, Howell GR, Rozen R. Folate Deficiency and/or the Genetic Variant Mthfr 677C >T Can Drive Hepatic Fibrosis or Steatosis in Mice, in a Sex-Specific Manner. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300355. [PMID: 38327171 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Disturbances in one-carbon metabolism contribute to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which encompasses steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The goal is to examine impact of folate deficiency and the Mthfr677C >T variant on NAFLD. METHODS AND RESULTS This study uses the new Mthfr677C >T mouse model for the human MTHFR677C >T variant. Mthfr677CC and Mthfr677TT mice were fed control diet (CD) or folate-deficient (FD) diets for 4 months. FD and Mthfr677TT alter choline/methyl metabolites in liver and/or plasma (decreased S-adenosylmethionine (SAM):S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) ratio, methyltetrahydrofolate, and betaine; increased homocysteine [Hcy]). FD, with contribution from Mthfr677TT, provokes fibrosis in males. Studies of normal livers reveal alterations in plasma markers and gene expression that suggest an underlying predisposition to fibrosis induced by FD and/or Mthfr677TT in males. These changes are absent or reverse in females, consistent with the sex disparity of fibrosis. Sex-based differences in methylation potential, betaine, sphingomyelin, and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels may prevent fibrogenesis in females. In contrast, Mthfr677TT alters choline metabolism, dysregulates expression of lipid metabolism genes, and promotes steatosis in females. CONCLUSION This study suggests that folate deficiency predisposes males to fibrosis, which is exacerbated by Mthfr677TT, whereas Mthfr677TT predisposes females to steatosis, and reveal novel contributory mechanisms for these NAFLD-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leclerc
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen E Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Vafa Keser
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yan Luan
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olga V Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Brandi Wasek
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Rima Rozen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Huang WJ, Qiu BJ, Qi XS, Chen CY, Liu WM, Zhou SA, Ding M, Lu FF, Zhao J, Tang D, Zhou X, Fu GB, Wang ZY, Ma HQ, Wu YL, Wu HP, Chen XS, Yu WF, Yan HX. CD24 +LCN2 + liver progenitor cells in ductular reaction contributed to macrophage inflammatory responses in chronic liver injury. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:184. [PMID: 37784089 PMCID: PMC10546777 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD24+CK19+/CD24+SOX9+ resident liver cells are activated and expanded after chronic liver injury in a ductular reaction. However, the sources and functions of these cells in liver damage remain disputed. RESULTS The current study combined genetic lineage tracing with in vitro small-molecule-based reprogramming to define liver progenitor cells (LPCs) derived from hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal tissues. tdTom+ hepatocytes were isolated from ROSA26tdTomato mice following AAV8-Tbg-Cre-mediated recombination, EpCAM+ biliary epithelial cells (BECs) from wild-type intrahepatic bile ducts and ALB/GFP-EpCAM- cells were isolated from AlbCreERT/R26GFP mice. A cocktail of small molecules was used to convert the isolated cells into LPCs. These in vitro cultured LPCs with CD24 and SOX9 expression regained the ability to proliferate. Transcriptional profiling showed that the in-vitro cultured LPCs derived from the resident LPCs in non-parenchymal tissues expressed Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) at high levels. Accordingly, endogenous Cd24a+Lcn2+ LPCs were identified by integration of sc-RNA-sequencing and pathological datasets of liver dysfunction which indicates that LPCs produced by ductular reactions might also originate from the resident LPCs. Transplantation of in-vitro cultured Cd24a+Lcn2+ LPCs into CCl4-induced fibrotic livers exacerbated liver damage and dysfunction, possibly due to LCN2-dependent macrophage inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS CD24+LCN2+ LPCs constituted the expanding ductular reaction and contributed to macrophage-mediated inflammation in chronic liver damage. The current findings highlight the roles of LPCs from distinct origins and expose the possibility of targeting LPCs in the treatment of chronic hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Celliver Biotechnology Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Bi-Jun Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Shu Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Yang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Wen-Ming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Min Ding
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Feng Lu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University., Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong-Bo Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First School of Clinical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Qian Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ling Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Ping Wu
- International Cooperation Laboratory On Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Song Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Wei-Feng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - He-Xin Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Celliver Biotechnology Inc., Shanghai, China.
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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Mennitti LV, Carpenter AAM, Loche E, Pantaleão LC, Fernandez-Twinn DS, Schoonejans JM, Blackmore HL, Ashmore TJ, Pisani LP, Tadross JA, Hargreaves I, Ozanne SE. Effects of maternal diet-induced obesity on metabolic disorders and age-associated miRNA expression in the liver of male mouse offspring. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:269-278. [PMID: 34663892 PMCID: PMC8794789 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of maternal obesity on aged-male offspring liver phenotype and hepatic expression of a programmed miRNA. METHODS A mouse model (C57BL/6 J) of maternal diet-induced obesity was used to investigate fasting-serum metabolites, hepatic lipid content, steatosis, and relative mRNA levels (RT-PCR) and protein expression (Western blotting) of key components involved in hepatic and mitochondrial metabolism in 12-month-old offspring. We also measured hepatic lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial content, fibrosis stage, and apoptosis in the offspring. To investigate potential mechanisms leading to the observed phenotype, we also measured the expression of miR-582 (a miRNA previously implicated in liver cirrhosis) in 8-week-old and 12-month-old offspring. RESULTS Body weight and composition was similar between 8-week-old offspring, however, 12-month-old offspring from obese mothers had increased body weight and fat mass (19.5 ± 0.8 g versus 10.4 ± 0.9 g, p < 0.001), as well as elevated serum levels of LDL and leptin and hepatic lipid content (21.4 ± 2.1 g versus 12.9 ± 1.8 g, p < 0.01). This was accompanied by steatosis, increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and overexpression of p-SAPK/JNK, Tgfβ1, Map3k14, and Col1a1 in the liver. Decreased levels of Bcl-2, p-AMPKα, total AMPKα and mitochondrial complexes were also observed. Maternal obesity was associated with increased hepatic miR-582-3p (p < 0.001) and miR-582-5p (p < 0.05). Age was also associated with an increase in both miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p, however, this was more pronounced in the offspring of obese dams, such that differences were greater in 12-month-old animals (-3p: 7.34 ± 1.35 versus 1.39 ± 0.50, p < 0.0001 and -5p: 4.66 ± 1.16 versus 1.63 ± 0.65, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that maternal diet-induced obesity has detrimental effects on offspring body composition as well as hepatic phenotype that may be indicative of accelerated-ageing phenotype. These whole-body and cellular phenotypes were associated with age-dependent changes in expression of miRNA-582 that might contribute mechanistically to the development of metabolic disorders in the older progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Vales Mennitti
- Department of Bioscience, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, 11015-020, Brazil
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Asha A M Carpenter
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Loche
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lucas C Pantaleão
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Denise S Fernandez-Twinn
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Josca M Schoonejans
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Heather L Blackmore
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J Ashmore
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
- Department of Bioscience, Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, 11015-020, Brazil
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
| | - John A Tadross
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Hargreaves
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 5UA, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, United Kingdom.
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Sugasawa T, Ono S, Yonamine M, Fujita SI, Matsumoto Y, Aoki K, Nakano T, Tamai S, Yoshida Y, Kawakami Y, Takekoshi K. One Week of CDAHFD Induces Steatohepatitis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction with Oxidative Stress in Liver. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5851. [PMID: 34072586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been rapidly increasing worldwide. A choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) has been used to create a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). There are some reports on the effects on mice of being fed a CDAHFD for long periods of 1 to 3 months. However, the effect of this diet over a short period is unknown. Therefore, we examined the effect of 1-week CDAHFD feeding on the mouse liver. Feeding a CDAHFD diet for only 1-week induced lipid droplet deposition in the liver with increasing activity of liver-derived enzymes in the plasma. On the other hand, it did not induce fibrosis or cirrhosis. Additionally, it was demonstrated that CDAHFD significantly impaired mitochondrial respiration with severe oxidative stress to the liver, which is associated with a decreasing mitochondrial DNA copy number and complex proteins. In the gene expression analysis of the liver, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were significantly increased by CDAHFD. These results demonstrated that 1 week of feeding CDAHFD to mice induces steatohepatitis with mitochondrial dysfunction and severe oxidative stress, without fibrosis, which can partially mimic the early stage of NASH in humans.
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Gómez-Zorita S, Milton-Laskibar I, Macarulla MT, Biasutto L, Fernández-Quintela A, Miranda J, Lasa A, Segues N, Bujanda L, Portillo MP. Pterostilbene modifies triglyceride metabolism in hepatic steatosis induced by high-fat high-fructose feeding: a comparison with its analog resveratrol. Food Funct 2021; 12:3266-3279. [PMID: 33877249 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03320k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of phenolic compounds as a new therapeutic approach against NAFLD has emerged recently. In the present study, we aim to study the effect of pterostilbene in the prevention of liver steatosis developed as a consequence of high-fat (saturated) high-fructose feeding, by analysing the changes induced in metabolic pathways involved in triglyceride accumulation. Interestingly, a comparison with the anti-steatotic effect of its parent compound resveratrol will be made for the first time. Rats were distributed into 5 experimental groups and fed either a standard laboratory diet or a high-fat high-fructose diet supplemented with or without pterostilbene (15 or 30 mg per kg per d) or resveratrol (30 mg per kg per d) for 8 weeks. Serum triglyceride, cholesterol, NEFA and transaminase levels were quantified. Liver histological analysis was carried out by haematoxylin-eosin staining. Different pathways involved in liver triglyceride metabolism, including fatty acid synthesis, uptake and oxidation, triglyceride assembly and triglyceride release, were studied. Pterostilbene was shown to partially prevent high-fat high-fructose feeding induced liver steatosis in rats, demonstrating a dose-response pattern. In this dietary model, it acts mainly by reducing de novo lipogenesis and increasing triglyceride assembly and release. Improvement in mitochondrial functionality was also appreciated. At the same dose, the magnitude of pterostilbene and resveratrol induced effects, as well as the involved mechanisms of action, were similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Research Center, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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Yasuda D, Hiraoka Y, Ohno M, Nishi K, Iwasaki H, Kita T, Nishi E, Kume N. Deficiency of Nardilysin in the Liver Reduces Serum Cholesterol Levels. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:363-371. [PMID: 33642545 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nardilysin (NRDC) has been shown to be involved in post-translational histone modifications, in addition to enhancement in ectodomain shedding of membrane-anchored protein, which play significant roles in various pathophysiology, including glucose homeostasis, inflammatory diseases and cancer. The present study sought to determine roles of NRDC in the liver on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. We established liver-specific NRDC deficient mice by use of NRD1 floxed mice and albumin promoter-Cre recombinase (Cre) transgenic mice, and found that their serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly lower than those in control littermate mice. In the liver, LDL receptor (LDLR) mRNA expression was significantly upregulated, while inducible degrader of LDLR (IDOL) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) mRNA expression was significantly downregulated, in liver-specific NRDC deficient mice. Hepatic cell-surface LDLR expression levels were significantly elevated and serum pro-protein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels were significantly reduced in mice with hepatic NRDC deficiency. In cultured hepatocytes, NRDC deficiency significantly reduced secreted PCSK9 and increased cell-surface LDLR expression. On the other hand, NRDC overexpression in cultured hepatocytes significantly increased secreted PCSK9 and lowered cell-surface LDLR expression. Thus, NRDC in murine hepatocytes appears to play key roles in cholesterol homeostasis, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yasuda
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Yoshinori Hiraoka
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Mikiko Ohno
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Sciences
| | - Kiyoto Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Hirotaka Iwasaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Eiichiro Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Sciences
| | - Noriaki Kume
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
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Cho JM, Yang EH, Quan W, Nam EH, Cheon HG. Discovery of a novel fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor, BR103354, with anti-diabetic and anti-steatotic effects. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21280. [PMID: 33277568 PMCID: PMC7718273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77978-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is a class of hepatokines that plays a protective role against obesity, insulin resistance, and liver damage. Despite this, protective effects of FGF21 in human appear to be minimal, possibly due to its proteolytic cleavage by the fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Here, we presented a novel FAP inhibitor, BR103354, and described its pharmacological activities as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of metabolic disorders. BR103354 inhibited FAP with an IC50 value of 14 nM, showing high selectivity against dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-related enzymes and prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP). In differentiated 3T3/L1 adipocytes, the addition of FAP diminished hFGF21-induced Glut1 and phosphorylated levels of ERK, which were restored by BR103354. BR103354 exhibited good pharmacokinetic properties as evidenced by oral bioavailability of 48.4% and minimal hERG inhibition. Single co-administration of BR103354 with hFGF21 reduced nonfasting blood glucose concentrations, in association with increased intact form of hFGF21 in ob/ob mice. Additionally, chronic treatment of BR103354 for 4 weeks reduced nonfasting blood glucose concentrations with improved glucose tolerance and with reduced triglyceride (TG) content in liver of ob/ob mice. Consistently, BR103354 improved hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD)-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse model. FAP inhibitory effects of BR103354 were confirmed in normal cynomolgus monkeys. Together, BR103354 acts as an effective FAP inhibitor in vitro and in vivo, thereby demonstrating its potential application as an anti-diabetic and anti-NASH agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Min Cho
- Innovative Drug Research Institute, Boryung Pharm. Co., Ltd, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15425, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Yang
- Innovative Drug Research Institute, Boryung Pharm. Co., Ltd, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15425, South Korea
| | - Wenying Quan
- Innovative Drug Research Institute, Boryung Pharm. Co., Ltd, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15425, South Korea
| | - Eun Hye Nam
- Innovative Drug Research Institute, Boryung Pharm. Co., Ltd, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15425, South Korea
| | - Hyae Gyeong Cheon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
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Kobayashi T, Kanno K, Nguyen PT, Sugiyama A, Kawahara A, Otani Y, Kishikawa N, Ito M, Tazuma S. Periostin antisense oligonucleotide prevents hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:2140-2150. [PMID: 32365405 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular injury with varying degrees of fibrosis. There are currently no established treatment approaches for NASH other than lifestyle interventions. Periostin, a matricellular protein required for tissue remodeling and fibrosis, plays an important role in hepatic steatosis and fibrosis and could be a potential target for NASH treatment. Advances in molecular biology and biochemical engineering have led to the development of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that can inhibit target genes with no significant toxic effects. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic effects of periostin-targeting ASO (PNASO) in NASH. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed a choline-deficient, l-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) to induce NASH with or without intraperitoneal injection of mouse PNASO. To explore the role of periostin in hepatocellular steatosis, Hc3716 cells, an immortalized human hepatocyte line, were treated with recombinant periostin in vitro. RESULTS The induced periostin expression in the liver of CDAHFD-fed mice was significantly suppressed by PNASO. The deletion of hepatic periostin by PNASO significantly ameliorated hepatic steatosis while restoring the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α) and its target genes. PNASO also inhibited hepatic fibrosis, reflected by the reduction of alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen type I, and other fibrotic markers. In vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with recombinant periostin increased cellular lipid accumulation in Hc3716 cells accompanied with the downregulation of PPAR-α. CONCLUSIONS Periostin-targeting ASO is a potential therapeutic approach for the efficient treatment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Kobayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keishi Kanno
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Phuong Thao Nguyen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiko Sugiyama
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawahara
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Otani
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobusuke Kishikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Ito
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Susumu Tazuma
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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Sarkar S, Bhattacharya S, Alam MJ, Yadav R, Banerjee SK. Hypoxia aggravates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in presence of high fat choline deficient diet: A pilot study. Life Sci 2020; 260:118404. [PMID: 32920003 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM NAFLD is a chronic and progressive disease for which there are no FDA-approved drugs available in the market. Drug discovery is a time-consuming procedure and requires screening of hundreds of small molecules to find new chemical entities (NECs) for a particular disease. Current preclinical NAFLD animal models take a longer time, which enhances the duration and expenses of the screening procedure. Hence to shorten the duration, we have proposed a preclinical animal model for rapid induction of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced stage of NAFLD in rats. METHODOLOGY The animals were divided into three groups; control, high fat choline deficient (HFCD) and high fat choline deficient diet with sodium nitrite (40 mg/kg b.w. i.p. per day) (HFCD + NaNO2) respectively. Four weeks later physical and serum biochemical parameters were assessed, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed, and histopathology and gene expression were analysed. KEY FINDINGS Hypoxic stress aggravates the lipid accumulation, ballooning, lobular inflammation and fibrosis in hepatic tissue in presence of HFCD diet. SIGNIFICANCE This novel rodent model could be a useful NAFLD model to screen small molecules rapidly for treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumalya Sarkar
- Non-communicable Disease Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sankarsan Bhattacharya
- Non-communicable Disease Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Non-communicable Disease Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajni Yadav
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Non-communicable Disease Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, Assam, India.
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