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. Boshra AY, Mariod AA, Ali Massad FA, Abdalrhman EM, Abbas SM, Hassan AA, Mahamedan MM, Elatta NM, Kh.A.Masaad H, Hamid AM, Fadlalmola HA. Composition, hydrology, and health benefits of Zamzam water. RB 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2021.06.04.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Since before, many religions have used Zamzam water because they used it for treatment and other spiritual activities. This study reviews the composition, hydrology, and the effect of Zamzam water on human health. Zamzam water differs from regular water. Mineral deposits show it is alkaline and biologically has no biotic growth, and does not show toxicity signs. Zamzam is well-focused based on the expenditure of Makah hill. Zamzam well has been used for about 4000 years. Zamzam water is used for the treatment of many diseases. The data on Zamzam water composition, hydrology, and health benefits have been narratively reviewed. Future research is needed to investigate the other benefits and uses of Zamzam water on human health as antioxidants, antimicrobial, and its effects on cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Y . Boshra
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdalbasit A. Mariod
- College of Sciences and Arts-Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Alkamil, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima A. Ali Massad
- Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Center, Ghibaish College of Science& Technology,Ghibaish,Sudan
| | - Eshraga M. Abdalrhman
- Department of Food Sci. & Technology, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Sci. & Technology, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Sabah M. Abbas
- Department of English, College of Science & Arts, King Khalid University, Abha, Zahran Al-Janoub, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amel A. Hassan
- Alzaiem Alazhari University-Faculty of Medical Technical Sciences- department of nursing,Sudan
| | - Manal M. Mahamedan
- Department of food technology- Nyala College- Sudan technological university, Sudan
| | | | | | - Amal M. Hamid
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Technical, Science, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Sudan
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