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Obata Y, Abe K, Miyazaki M, Koji T, Tabata Y, Nishino T. The Transfer of the Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene by Macrophages Ameliorates the Progression of Peritoneal Fibrosis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086951. [PMID: 37108115 PMCID: PMC10139180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) possesses potent antifibrotic activity. Furthermore, macrophages migrate to inflamed sites and have been linked to the progression of fibrosis. In this study, we utilized macrophages as vehicles to express and deliver the HGF gene and investigated whether macrophages carrying the HGF expression vector (HGF-M) could suppress peritoneal fibrosis development in mice. We obtained macrophages from the peritoneal cavity of mice stimulated with 3% thioglycollate and used cationized gelatin microspheres (CGMs) to produce HGF expression vector-gelatin complexes. Macrophages phagocytosed these CGMs, and gene transfer into macrophages was confirmed in vitro. Peritoneal fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) for three weeks; seven days after the first CG injection, HGF-M was administered intravenously. Transplantation of HGF-M significantly suppressed submesothelial thickening and reduced type III collagen expression. Moreover, in the HGF-M-treated group, the number of α-smooth muscle actin- and TGF-β-positive cells were significantly lower in the peritoneum, and ultrafiltration was preserved. Our results indicated that the transplantation of HGF-M prevented the progression of peritoneal fibrosis and indicated that this novel gene therapy using macrophages may have potential for treating peritoneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Obata
- Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Katsushige Abe
- Abe Diabetes Clinic, 16-13 Nakakasuga-machi, Oita 870-0039, Japan
| | | | - Takehiko Koji
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nishino
- Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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Inoue H, Torigoe K, Torigoe M, Muta K, Obata Y, Suzuki T, Suzuki C, Abe T, Koji T, Mukae H, Nishino T. Mitochonic acid-5 ameliorates chlorhexidine gluconate-induced peritoneal fibrosis in mice. Med Mol Morphol 2021. [PMID: 34622315 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis, attributable to inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5), an indole-3-acetic acid derivative, improves mitochondrial dysfunction and has therapeutic potential against various diseases including kidney diseases. However, whether MA-5 is effective against peritoneal fibrosis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of MA-5 using a peritoneal fibrosis mouse model. Peritoneal fibrosis was induced in C57BL/6 mice via intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) every other day for 3 weeks. MA-5 was administered daily by oral gavage. The mice were divided into control, MA-5, CG, and CG + MA-5 groups. Following treatment, immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Fibrotic thickening of the parietal peritoneum induced by CG was substantially attenuated by MA-5. The number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts, transforming growth factor β-positive cells, F4/80-positive macrophages, monocyte chemotactic protein 1-positive cells, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-positive cells was considerably decreased. In addition, reduced ATP5a1-positive and uncoupling protein 2-positive cells in the CG group were notably increased by MA-5. MA-5 may ameliorate peritoneal fibrosis by suppressing macrophage infiltration and oxidative stress, thus restoring mitochondrial function. Overall, MA-5 has therapeutic potential against peritoneal fibrosis.
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Sheng D, Zhao S, Gao L, Zheng H, Liu W, Hou J, Jin Y, Ye F, Zhao Q, Li R, Zhao N, Zhang L, Han Z, Wei L. BabaoDan attenuates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via activation of AMPK signaling. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:77. [PMID: 31548878 PMCID: PMC6751621 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Babaodan (BBD), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to have protective effects during liver injury and ameliorate liver disease progression, but little is known about its effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BBD on obesity-induced NAFLD. Methods C57BL/6 J mice were fed with normal diet, high fat diet (HFD) or HFD + BBD for 8 weeks. Weights of all mice were recorded every 3 days. At the end of the experiments, the level of livers, kidneys and adipose tissues of each animal was weighed. Blood serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glucose and leptin were detected with appropriate test kits. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson trichrome and Oil Red O staining of the liver were performed. We applied immunohistochemical analysis to investigate the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and leptin in liver tissue. The expression of genes related lipid anabolism (SREBP1-c, ACC, SCD-1, LXRα and CD36) and ß-oxidation (CPT-1 and PPARα) in liver and adipose tissues was determined by RT-PCR. The expression of AMPK and p-AMPK was determined by western blot analysis. Results We found the weight of bodies and tissues (retroperitoneal fat pads, kidneys and livers) of mice fed with HFD + BBD were significantly lower than that of HFD-fed mice. And liver injury induced by HFD was relieved in mice treated with BBD, accompanied with significant reduction were observed in serum ALT/AST activities and alleviated pathological damage. The levels of glucose, TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C in the liver or serum were significantly decreased on HFD + BBD group compared with HFD group. Furthermore, BBD treatment reduced the level of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by HFD. The level of leptin in the liver and serum were reduced in mice fed with HFD + BBD than that of HFD-fed mice. Several lipid synthesis genes (SREBP1-c, ACC, SCD-1, LXRα and CD36) were down-regulated and that of ß-oxidation (CPT-1 and PPARα) up-regulated in HFD + BBD group compared with HFD group. In addition, BBD increased the expression of p-AMPK compared with untreated HFD group, which suggested BBD improved the activation of AMPK pathway. Conclusion In summary, our results indicate that BBD has potential applications in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD, which may be closely related to its effect on lipid metabolism via activation of AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Sheng
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Shanmin Zhao
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Lu Gao
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Huifei Zheng
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Wenting Liu
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jing Hou
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yuxiang Jin
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Fei Ye
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Qiudong Zhao
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Rong Li
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Naping Zhao
- 2Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Li Zhang
- 2Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Zhipeng Han
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Lixin Wei
- 1Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, NO. 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
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Kitamura M, Nishino T, Obata Y, Ozono Y, Koji T, Kohno S. New insights into therapeutic strategies for the treatment of peritoneal fibrosis: learning from histochemical analyses of animal models. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2014; 47:133-43. [PMID: 25392567 PMCID: PMC4164701 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.14025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a fatal complication that can occur in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis. It is characterized by bowel obstruction and marked sclerotic thickening of the peritoneal membrane. Although the mechanisms underlying the development of EPS are complex, angiogenesis, inflammation, and peritoneal fibrosis are known to be essential factors. Now, several animal models that exhibit EPS have pathophysiology similar to that of human EPS and have been proposed for use in research to provide insights into it. Recent histochemical methods also help us to understand the pathophysiology of EPS. Advances in basic research based on the findings in those animal models have enabled the development of several strategies for the prevention and treatment of EPS. We describe here interventional studies in some animal models for peritoneal fibrosis, one of the histological disorders findings characteristic to EPS, and we highlight the need for a sophisticated animal model that closely resembles human conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineaki Kitamura
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1–7–1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nishino
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1–7–1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoko Obata
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1–7–1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
- Medical Education Development Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1–7–1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ozono
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1–7–1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takehiko Koji
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1–12–4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kohno
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1–7–1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
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Abstract
Background Ectopic fat density is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors above and beyond fat volume. Volumetric measures of ectopic fat have been associated with CVD risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between fat density and subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods and Results Participants were drawn from the Multi‐Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) substudy of the Framingham Heart Study (n=3079; mean age, 50.1 years; 49.2% women). Fat density was indirectly estimated by computed tomography attenuation (Hounsfield Units [HU]) on abdominal scan slices. Visceral fat (VAT), subcutaneous fat (SAT), and pericardial fat HU and volumes were quantified using standard protocols; coronary and abdominal aortic calcium (CAC and AAC, respectively) were measured radiographically. Multivariable‐adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between adipose tissue HU and the presence of CAC and AAC. Overall, 17.1% of the participants had elevated CAC (Agatston score [AS]>100), and 23.3% had elevated AAC (AS>age‐/sex‐specific cutoffs). Per 5‐unit decrement in VAT HU, the odds ratio (OR) for elevated CAC was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65 to 0.89; P=0.0005), even after adjustment for body mass index or VAT volume. Results were similar for SAT HU. With decreasing VAT HU, we also observed an OR of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.67 to 0.92; P=0.004) for elevated AAC after multivariable adjustment. We found no significant associations between SAT HU and AAC. There was no significant association between pericardial fat HU and either CAC or AAC. Conclusions Lower VAT and SAT HU, indirect estimates of fat quality, are associated with a lower risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Alvey
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.J.A.) National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (N.J.A., A.P., K.J.R., C.J.D., C.S.F.)
| | - Alison Pedley
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (N.J.A., A.P., K.J.R., C.J.D., C.S.F.)
| | - Klara J Rosenquist
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (N.J.A., A.P., K.J.R., C.J.D., C.S.F.) Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.J.R., C.S.F.) NHLBI Division of Intramural Research and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, MA (K.J.R., C.S.F.)
| | - Joseph M Massaro
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (N.J.A., A.P., K.J.R., C.J.D., C.S.F.) Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.J.D.) NHLBI Division of Intramural Research, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Research, Bethesda, MD (C.J.D.)
| | - Udo Hoffmann
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (U.H.)
| | - Caroline S Fox
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (N.J.A., A.P., K.J.R., C.J.D., C.S.F.) Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.J.R., C.S.F.) NHLBI Division of Intramural Research and the Center for Population Studies, Framingham, MA (K.J.R., C.S.F.)
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Cabigas EB, Somasuntharam I, Brown ME, Che PL, Pendergrass KD, Chiang B, Taylor WR, Davis ME. Over-expression of catalase in myeloid cells confers acute protection following myocardial infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:9036-50. [PMID: 24853285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15059036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and new treatment options are greatly needed. Oxidative stress is increased following myocardial infarction and levels of antioxidants decrease, causing imbalance that leads to dysfunction. Therapy involving catalase, the endogenous scavenger of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), has been met with mixed results. When over-expressed in cardiomyocytes from birth, catalase improves function following injury. When expressed in the same cells in an inducible manner, catalase showed a time-dependent response with no acute benefit, but a chronic benefit due to altered remodeling. In myeloid cells, catalase over-expression reduced angiogenesis during hindlimb ischemia and prevented monocyte migration. In the present study, due to the large inflammatory response following infarction, we examined myeloid-specific catalase over-expression on post-infarct healing. We found a significant increase in catalase levels following infarction that led to a decrease in H2O2 levels, leading to improved acute function. This increase in function could be attributed to reduced infarct size and improved angiogenesis. Despite these initial improvements, there was no improvement in chronic function, likely due to increased fibrosis. These data combined with what has been previously shown underscore the need for temporal, cell-specific catalase delivery as a potential therapeutic option.
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Nakajima K, Shibata Y, Hishikawa Y, Suematsu T, Mori M, Fukuhara S, Koji T, Sawase T, Ikeda T. Coexpression of ang1 and tie2 in odontoblasts of mouse developing and mature teeth-a new insight into dentinogenesis. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2014; 47:19-25. [PMID: 24761046 PMCID: PMC3972426 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 regulates vascular angiogenesis and stabilization, and is reported to promote bone formation by facilitating angiogenesis. To estimate the role of Ang1 in odontogenesis, we explored the distribution of Ang1 and the receptor, Tie2 in the mouse developing and mature first molar of the mandible. At embryonic day 18, when differentiation of odontoblasts begins, immunosignals for Ang1 were intensely detected in the basement membrane and the distal side, which faced the basement membrane of odontoblasts. In situ hybridization revealed that Ang1 was expressed in odontoblasts and ameloblasts facing the basement membrane. Tie2 was localized in the distal side of odontoblasts. After birth, Ang1 was detected in the predentin, whereas both Ang1 and Tie2 were colocalized in odontoblasts and odontoblast processes. These distributions were retained up to 8 weeks. In contrast to odontoblasts, ameloblasts, cementoblasts and osteoblasts expressed Ang1 but did not express Tie2. Colocalization of Ang1 and Tie2 in odontoblasts and selective expression of Tie2 in odontoblasts among cells responsible for calcified tissue formation suggested the involvement of autocrine signals of Ang1-Tie2 in dentinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Nakajima
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Yasuaki Shibata
- Department of Oral Pathology and Bone Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Yoshitaka Hishikawa
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Present address: Division of Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki
| | - Takashi Suematsu
- Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Masako Mori
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
| | - Takehiko Koji
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takashi Sawase
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tohru Ikeda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Bone Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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Furukawa K, Matsumoto K, Nagayasu T, Yamamoto-Fukuda T, Tobinaga S, Abo T, Yamasaki N, Tsuchiya T, Miyazaki T, Kamohara R, Nanashima A, Obatake M, Koji T. Intratracheal Administration of Recombinant Human Keratinocyte Growth Factor Promotes Alveolar Epithelial Cell Proliferation during Compensatory Lung Growth in Rat. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2013; 46:179-85. [PMID: 24610965 PMCID: PMC3929616 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is considered to be one of the most important mitogens for lung epithelial cells. The objectives of this study were to confirm the effectiveness of intratracheal injection of recombinant human KGF (rhKGF) during compensatory lung growth and to optimize the instillation protocol. Here, trilobectomy in adult rat was performed, followed by intratracheal rhKGF instillation with low (0.4 mg/kg) and high (4 mg/kg) doses at various time-points. The proliferation of alveolar cells was assessed by the immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the residual lung. We also investigated other immunohistochemical parameters such as KGF, KGF receptor and surfactant protein A as well as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling. Consequently, intratracheal single injection of rhKGF in high dose group significantly increased PCNA labeling index (LI) of alveolar cells in the remaining lung. Surprisingly, there was no difference in PCNA LI between low and high doses of rhKGF with daily injection, and PCNA LI reached a plateau level with 2 days-consecutive administration (about 60%). Our results indicate that even at low dose, daily intratracheal injection is effective to maintain high proliferative states during the early phase of compensatory lung growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuro Furukawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tomomi Yamamoto-Fukuda
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Shuichi Tobinaga
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takafumi Abo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Naoya Yamasaki
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takuro Miyazaki
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Ryotaro Kamohara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Atsushi Nanashima
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Masayuki Obatake
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takehiko Koji
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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