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Osco KM, Campa F, Coratella G, Correa BD, de Alencar Silva BS, Dos Santos VR, Milanez VF, Gobbo LA. Resistance but not elastic tubes training improves bioimpedance vector patterns and body composition in older women: A randomized trial. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111526. [PMID: 34425204 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of traditional resistance training compared to elastic tubes training on bioimpedance vector patterns, body composition, and strength in older women. Thirty-eight older women (age 68.7 ± 6.9 years, body mass index 28.8 ± 7.2 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to perform traditional resistance or elastic tubes training three times per week for 12 weeks. Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis. In addition, handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer. Only the participants who followed the 12-week traditional resistance training program significantly (p < 0.05) decreased fat mass (ES: -0.69) and extracellular water (ES: -1.06), and increased total body water (ES: 0.49), intracellular water (ES: 1.11), body cell mass (ES: 0.82), muscle mass (ES: 0.94), and phase angle (ES: 0.99), while no change occurred in the elastic tubes training group. Furthermore, a vector leftward displacement (ES: 1.11) into the resistance-reactance graph was found only after the traditional resistance training program. The handgrip strength increased for both traditional and elastic tubes training groups (ES: 0.64, ES: 0.71, respectively). Traditional resistance training improved body composition and strength in the older women group, while training using elastic tubes was effective only for the latter. The present outcomes encourage the use of systematic resistance training to counteract the effects of aging in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Minacca Osco
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Francesco Campa
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Rimini, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Coratella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bianca Dias Correa
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Bruna Spolador de Alencar Silva
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Flavio Milanez
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Universidade Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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Félix-Soriano E, Martínez-Gayo A, Cobo MJ, Pérez-Chávez A, Ibáñez-Santos J, Palacios Samper N, Goikoetxea Galarza I, Cuervo M, García-Unciti M, González-Muniesa P, Lorente-Cebrián S, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Effects of DHA-Rich n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and/or Resistance Training on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Overweight and Obese Post-Menopausal Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:2465. [PMID: 34371972 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance training (RT) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) supplementation have emerged as strategies to improve muscle function in older adults. Overweight/obese postmenopausal women (55–70 years) were randomly allocated to one of four experimental groups, receiving placebo (olive oil) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich n-3 PUFA supplementation alone or in combination with a supervised RT-program for 16 weeks. At baseline and at end of the trial, body composition, anthropometrical measures, blood pressure and serum glucose and lipid biomarkers were analyzed. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and strength tests were also performed. All groups exhibit a similar moderate reduction in body weight and fat mass, but the RT-groups maintained bone mineral content, increased upper limbs lean mass, decreased lower limbs fat mass, and increased muscle strength and quality compared to untrained-groups. The RT-program also improved glucose tolerance (lowering the OGTT incremental area under the curve). The DHA-rich supplementation lowered diastolic blood pressure and circulating triglycerides and increased muscle quality in lower limbs. In conclusion, 16-week RT-program improved segmented body composition, bone mineral content, and glucose tolerance, while the DHA-rich supplement had beneficial effects on cardiovascular health markers in overweight/obese postmenopausal women. No synergistic effects were observed for DHA supplementation and RT-program combination.
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Castro-Coronado J, Yasima-Vásquez G, Zapata-Lamana R, Toloza-Ramírez D, Cigarroa I. [Characteristics of resistance training-based programs in older adults with sarcopenia: Scoping review]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2021:S0211-139X(21)00086-X. [PMID: 34147282 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this scoping review was to analyze the resistance training-based programs' characteristics and outcomes of physical and psychological health and cognitive functions measured in older adults with sarcopenia. METHOD This scoping review was carried out following the criteria and flow diagram established in the PRISMA guidelines and included studies from 2011 until 2020 from electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. RESULTS A total of 13 randomized controlled trials were included. The sample's average age was 72.2 years, with an age range between 71 and 80 years, considering a total sample of 1029 older adults (57% women). Resistance training-based programs were carried out mainly in university facilities, presented high adherence (91.2%) and were able to induce increase in strength and muscle mass. The most frequent parameters used were 2-3 weekly, 50-90-min-long sessions for 3-9 months, using between 8 and 15 repetitions, in an intense training zone with 1-RM between 60% and 85%. The most measured physical health outcomes were muscle strength, muscle mass, and BMI. Cognitive impairment was frequently evaluated, and few studies evaluated mental health. CONCLUSION This review characterized resistance training-based programs in older people with sarcopenia, highlighting the extension, frequency, duration, and intensity of these, as well the most frequently used outcome measures and instruments. These results could be useful for prescribing future resistance training-based programs in older adults with sarcopenia.
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Escriche-Escuder A, Fuentes-Abolafio IJ, Roldán-Jiménez C, Cuesta-Vargas AI. Effects of exercise on muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis according to the EWGSOP criteria. Exp Gerontol 2021; 151:111420. [PMID: 34029642 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) updated the definition and the diagnosis criteria of sarcopenia. Previous systematic reviews have shown the effect of exercise on sarcopenia including people with different sarcopenia diagnostic criteria. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarise and synthesise the evidence about the effect of exercise on muscle mass, strength and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP criteria. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched for articles published until September 2020. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised interventional studies examining the effect of exercise on muscle mass, strength or physical performance in adults older than 60 years with sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP criteria were included. RESULTS Four RCTs and three non-randomised interventional studies with a total of 235 patients with sarcopenia were included. Five of the seven included studies reported a low risk of bias. Exercise showed a large effect on physical performance (d = 1.21, 95%CI [0.79 to 1.62]; P < 0.001), a medium effect on muscle strength (d = 0.51, 95%CI [0.25 to 0.76]; P < 0.001), and no effect on muscle mass (d = 0.27, 95%CI [-0.05 to 0.58]; P = 0.10). CONCLUSION The present systematic review showed an effect of exercise on physical performance and muscle strength but an inconsistent effect on muscle mass. The grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation criteria showed a low level of evidence in muscle mass, a low or moderate level of evidence in muscle strength and a high level of evidence in physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Escriche-Escuder
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Iván J Fuentes-Abolafio
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.
| | - Cristina Roldán-Jiménez
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonio I Cuesta-Vargas
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain; School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Marcos-Pardo PJ, Espeso-García A, López-Vivancos A, Abelleira Lamela T, Keogh JWL. COVID-19 and Social Isolation: A Case for Why Home-Based Resistance Training Is Needed to Maintain Musculoskeletal and Psychosocial Health for Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 29:353-9. [PMID: 32796139 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease outbreak in China has become the world's leading health headline and is causing major panic and public concerns. Public health guidelines in many countries are suggesting that people stay at home to avoid human-to-human transmission of the virus, which may lead to reduced physical activity and greater feelings of isolation. Such effects may be particularly problematic in older adults due to their reduced physical capacities and their potential for increased mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression. A potential way to minimize many of these side effects of stay-at-home guidelines may be progressive home-based resistance training. A simple way to provide progressive overload in home-based resistance training may involve elastic resistance, which has been demonstrated to provide similar benefits to traditional resistance training equipment typically found in gymnasiums. Recommendations on how older adults can safely and effectively perform elastic resistance training at home are provided.
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Silva BSDA, Lira FSD, de Freitas MC, Uzeloto JS, Dos Santos VR, Freire APCF, Bertolini GN, Gobbo LA. Traditional and elastic resistance training enhances functionality and lipid profile in the elderly. Exp Gerontol 2020; 135:110921. [PMID: 32151736 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Spolador de Alencar Silva
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Santos de Lira
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Conrado de Freitas
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Souza Uzeloto
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana Navarro Bertolini
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
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