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Lopushenko I, Sieryi O, Bykov A, Meglinski I. Exploring the evolution of circular polarized light backscattered from turbid tissue-like disperse medium utilizing generalized Monte Carlo modeling approach with a combined use of Jones and Stokes-Mueller formalisms. J Biomed Opt 2024; 29:052913. [PMID: 38089555 PMCID: PMC10715447 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.5.052913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Significance Phase retardation of circularly polarized light (CPL), backscattered by biological tissue, is used extensively for quantitative evaluation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, presence of senile Alzheimer's plaques, and characterization of biotissues with optical anisotropy. The Stokes polarimetry and Mueller matrix approaches demonstrate high potential in definitive non-invasive cancer diagnosis and tissue characterization. The ultimate understanding of CPL interaction with tissues is essential for advancing medical diagnostics, optical imaging, therapeutic applications, and the development of optical instruments and devices. Aim We investigate propagation of CPL within turbid tissue-like scattering medium utilizing a combination of Jones and Stokes-Mueller formalisms in a Monte Carlo (MC) modeling approach. We explore the fundamentals of CPL memory effect and depolarization formation. Approach The generalized MC computational approach developed for polarization tracking within turbid tissue-like scattering medium is based on the iterative solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The approach handles helicity response of CPL scattered in turbid medium and provides explicit expressions for assessment of its polarization state. Results Evolution of CPL backscattered by tissue-like medium at different conditions of observation in terms of source-detector configuration is assessed quantitatively. The depolarization of light is presented in terms of the coherence matrix and Stokes-Mueller formalism. The obtained results reveal the origins of the helicity flip of CPL depending on the source-detector configuration and the properties of the medium and are in a good agreement with the experiment. Conclusions By integrating Jones and Stokes-Mueller formalisms, the combined MC approach allows for a more complete representation of polarization effects in complex optical systems. The developed model is suitable to imitate propagation of the light beams of different shape and profile, including Gaussian, Bessel, Hermite-Gaussian, and Laguerre-Gaussian beams, within tissue-like medium. Diverse configuration of the experimental conditions, coherent properties of light, and peculiarities of polarization can be also taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lopushenko
- University of Oulu, Opto-Electronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Oulu, Finland
| | - Oleksii Sieryi
- University of Oulu, Opto-Electronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alexander Bykov
- University of Oulu, Opto-Electronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Oulu, Finland
| | - Igor Meglinski
- University of Oulu, Opto-Electronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Oulu, Finland
- Aston University, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Ivanov D, Si L, Felger L, Maragkou T, Schucht P, Schanne-Klein MC, Ma H, Ossikovski R, Novikova T. Impact of corpus callosum fiber tract crossing on polarimetric images of human brain histological sections: ex vivo studies in transmission configuration. J Biomed Opt 2023; 28:102908. [PMID: 37705930 PMCID: PMC10496857 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.10.102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Significance Imaging Mueller polarimetry is capable to trace in-plane orientation of brain fiber tracts by detecting the optical anisotropy of white matter of healthy brain. Brain tumor cells grow chaotically and destroy this anisotropy. Hence, the drop in scalar retardance values and randomization of the azimuth of the optical axis could serve as the optical marker for brain tumor zone delineation. Aim The presence of underlying crossing fibers can also affect the values of scalar retardance and the azimuth of the optical axis. We studied and analyzed the impact of fiber crossing on the polarimetric images of thin histological sections of brain corpus callosum. Approach We used the transmission Mueller microscope for imaging of two-layered stacks of thin sections of corpus callosum tissue to mimic the overlapping brain fiber tracts with different fiber orientations. The decomposition of the measured Mueller matrices was performed with differential and Lu-Chipman algorithms and completed by the statistical analysis of the maps of scalar retardance, azimuth of the optical axis, and depolarization. Results Our results indicate the sensitivity of Mueller polarimetry to different spatial arrangement of brain fiber tracts as seen in the maps of scalar retardance and azimuth of optical axis of two-layered stacks of corpus callosum sections The depolarization varies slightly (< 15 % ) with the orientation of the optical axes in both corpus callosum stripes, but its value increases by 2.5 to 3 times with the stack thickness. Conclusions The crossing brain fiber tracts measured in transmission induce the drop in values of scalar retardance and randomization of the azimuth of the optical axis at optical path length of 15 μ m . It suggests that the presence of nerve fibers crossing within the depth of few microns will be also detected in polarimetric maps of brain white matter measured in reflection configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Ivanov
- Institut Polytechnique de Paris, École Polytechnique, CNRS, LPICM, Palaiseau, France
| | - Lu Si
- Tsinghua University, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leonard Felger
- Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Inselspital, Department of Neurosurgery, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Theoni Maragkou
- University of Bern, Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Schucht
- Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Inselspital, Department of Neurosurgery, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Hui Ma
- Tsinghua University, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua University, Department of Physics, Beijing, China
| | - Razvigor Ossikovski
- Institut Polytechnique de Paris, École Polytechnique, CNRS, LPICM, Palaiseau, France
| | - Tatiana Novikova
- Institut Polytechnique de Paris, École Polytechnique, CNRS, LPICM, Palaiseau, France
- Florida International University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Miami, Florida, United States
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Huang T, Yao Y, Pei H, Hu Z, Zhang F, Wang J, Yu G, Huang C, Liu H, Tao L, Ma H. Mueller matrix imaging of pathological slides with plastic coverslips. Opt Express 2023; 31:15682-15696. [PMID: 37157663 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mueller matrix microscopy is capable of polarization characterization of pathological samples and polarization imaging based digital pathology. In recent years, hospitals are replacing glass coverslips with plastic coverslips for automatic preparations of dry and clean pathological slides with less slide-sticking and air bubbles. However, plastic coverslips are usually birefringent and introduce polarization artifacts in Mueller matrix imaging. In this study, a spatial frequency based calibration method (SFCM) is used to remove such polarization artifacts. The polarization information of the plastic coverslips and the pathological tissues are separated by the spatial frequency analysis, then the Mueller matrix images of pathological tissues are restored by matrix inversions. By cutting two adjacent lung cancer tissue slides, we prepare paired samples of very similar pathological structures but one with a glass coverslip and the other with a plastic coverslip. Comparisons between Mueller matrix images of the paired samples show that SFCM can effectively remove the artifacts due to plastic coverslip.
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Lee HR, Lotz C, Kai Groeber Becker F, Dembski S, Novikova T. Digital histology of tissue with Mueller microscopy and FastDBSCAN. Appl Opt 2022; 61:9616-9624. [PMID: 36606902 DOI: 10.1364/ao.473095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of the automated post-processing of Mueller microscopy images of skin tissue models with a new fast version of the algorithm of density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (FastDBSCAN) and discuss the advantages of its implementation for digital histology of tissue. We demonstrate that using the FastDBSCAN algorithm, one can produce the diagnostic segmentation of high resolution images of tissue by several orders of magnitude faster and with high accuracy (>97%) compared to the original version of the algorithm.
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Louie DC, Tchvialeva L, Kalia S, Lui H, Lee TK. Polarization memory rate as a metric to differentiate benign and malignant tissues. Biomed Opt Express 2022; 13:620-632. [PMID: 35284168 PMCID: PMC8884210 DOI: 10.1364/boe.446094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive optical methods for cancer diagnostics, such as microscopy, spectroscopy, and polarimetry, are rapidly advancing. In this respect, finding new and powerful optical metrics is an indispensable task. Here we introduce polarization memory rate (PMR) as a sensitive metric for optical cancer diagnostics. PMR characterizes the preservation of circularly polarized light relative to linearly polarized light as light propagates in a medium. We hypothesize that because of well-known indicators associated with the morphological changes of cancer cells, like an enlarged nucleus size and higher chromatin density, PMR should be greater for cancerous than for the non-cancerous tissues. A thorough literature review reveals how this difference arises from the anomalous depolarization behaviour of many biological tissues. In physical terms, though most biological tissue primarily exhibits Mie scattering, it typically exhibits Rayleigh depolarization. However, in cancerous tissue the Mie depolarization regime becomes more prominent than Rayleigh. Experimental evidence of this metric is found in a preliminary clinical study using a novel Stokes polarimetry probe. We conducted in vivo measurements of 20 benign, 28 malignant and 59 normal skin sites with a 660 nm laser diode. The median PMR values for cancer vs non-cancer are significantly higher for cancer which supports our hypothesis. The reported fundamental differences in depolarization may persist for other types of cancer and create a conceptual basis for further developments in polarimetry applications for cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Louie
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Departments of Cancer Control Research and Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Lioudmila Tchvialeva
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Departments of Cancer Control Research and Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Sunil Kalia
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Departments of Cancer Control Research and Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Harvey Lui
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Departments of Cancer Control Research and Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Tim K. Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Departments of Cancer Control Research and Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
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