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das Chagas E Silva de Carvalho LF, de Lima Morais TM, Nogueira MS. Providing potential solutions by using FT-IR spectroscopy for biofluid analysis: Clinical impact of optical screening and diagnostic tests. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103753. [PMID: 37597683 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the potential of FT-IR spectroscopy for rapid diagnosis of many pathologies has been demonstrated by numerous research studies including those targeting COVID-19 detection. However, the number of clinicians aware of this potential and who are willing to use spectroscopy in their clinics and hospitals is still negligible. In addition, lack of awareness creates a huge gap between clinicians and researchers involved in clinical translation of current FT-IR technology hence hindering initiatives to bring basic and applied research together for the direct benefit of patients. METHODS Knowledge and medical training on FT-IR on the side of clinicians should be one of the first steps to be able to integrate it into the list of complementary exams which may be requested by health professionals. Countless FT-IR applications could have a life-changing impact on patients' lives, especially screening and diagnostic tests involving biofluids such as blood, saliva and urine which are routinely non-invasively or minimally-invasively. RESULTS Blood may be the most difficult to obtain by the invasive method of collection, but much can be evaluated in its components, and areas such as hematology, infectiology, oncology and endocrinology can be directly benefited. Urine with a relatively simple collection method can provide pertinent information from the entire urinary system, including the actual condition of the kidneys. Saliva collection can be simpler for the patient and can provide information on diseases affecting the mouth and digestive system and can be used to diagnose diseases such as oral cancer in its early-stages. An unavoidable second step is the active involvement of industries to design robust and portable instruments for specific purposes, as the medical community requires user-friendly instruments of advanced computational algorithms. A third step resides in the legal situation involving the global use of the technique as a new diagnostic modality. CONCLUSIONS It is important to note that decentralized funds for variety of technologies hinders the training of clinical and medical professionals for the use of newly arising technologies and affect the engagement of these professionals with technology developers. As a result of decentralized funding, research efforts are spread out over a range of technologies which take a long time to get validated and translated to the clinic. Partnership over similar groups of technologies and efforts to test the same technologies while overcoming barriers posed to technology validation in different areas around the globe may benefit the clinical/medical, research and industry community globally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Saito Nogueira
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland; Department of Physics, University College Cork, College Road, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland.
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Wood HAC, Ehrlich K, Yerolatsitis S, Kufcsák A, Quinn TM, Fernandes S, Norberg D, Jenkins NC, Young V, Young I, Hamilton K, Seth S, Akram A, Thomson RR, Finlayson K, Dhaliwal K, Stone JM. Tri-mode optical biopsy probe with fluorescence endomicroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202200141. [PMID: 36062395 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present an endoscopic probe that combines three distinct optical fibre technologies including: A high-resolution imaging fibre for optical endomicroscopy, a multimode fibre for time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and a hollow-core fibre with multimode signal collection cores for Raman spectroscopy. The three fibers are all enclosed within a 1.2 mm diameter clinical grade catheter with a 1.4 mm end cap. To demonstrate the probe's flexibility we provide data acquired with it in loops of radii down to 2 cm. We then use the probe in an anatomically accurate model of adult human airways, showing that it can be navigated to any part of the distal lung using a commercial bronchoscope. Finally, we present data acquired from fresh ex vivo human lung tissue. Our experiments show that this minimally invasive probe can deliver real-time optical biopsies from within the distal lung - simultaneously acquiring co-located high-resolution endomicroscopy and biochemical spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Alexander Charles Wood
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katjana Ehrlich
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), Institute of Photonics and Quantum Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stephanos Yerolatsitis
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The College of Optics and Photonics (CREOL), University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - András Kufcsák
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tom Michael Quinn
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan Fernandes
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dominic Norberg
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nia Caitlin Jenkins
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vikki Young
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Irene Young
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katie Hamilton
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sohan Seth
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ahsan Akram
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert Rodrick Thomson
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), Institute of Photonics and Quantum Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Keith Finlayson
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kevin Dhaliwal
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James Morgan Stone
- Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Leal LB, Nogueira MS, Mageski JGA, Martini TP, Barauna VG, Dos Santos L, de Carvalho LFDCES. Diagnosis of Systemic Diseases Using Infrared Spectroscopy: Detection of Iron Overload in Plasma-Preliminary Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3737-3751. [PMID: 33415581 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the important role of iron in cellular homeostasis, iron overload (IO) is associated with systemic and tissue deposits which damage several organs. In order to reduce the impact caused by IO, invasive diagnosis exams (e.g., biopsies) and minimally invasive methods were developed including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, current diagnostic methods are still time-consuming and expensive. A cost-effective solution is using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for real-time and molecular-sensitive biofluid analysis during conventional laboratory exams. In this study, we performed the first evaluation of the accuracy of FTIR for IO diagnosis. The study was performed by collecting FTIR spectra of plasma samples of five rats intravenously injected with iron-dextran and five control rats. We developed a classification model based on principal component analysis and supervised methods including J48, random forest, multilayer perceptron, and radial basis function network. We achieved 100% accuracy for the classification of the IO status and provided a list of possible biomolecules related to the vibrational modes detected. In this preliminary study, we give a first step towards real-time diagnosis for acute IO or intoxication. Furthermore, we have expanded the literature knowledge regarding the pathophysiological changes induced by iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Barbosa Leal
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Saito Nogueira
- Tyndall National Institute/University College Cork - Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork, T12R5CP, Ireland
| | - Jandinay Gonzaga Alexandre Mageski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Thiago Pereira Martini
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Valério Garrone Barauna
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Marechal Campos Ave, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, Espírito Santo, 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe das Chagas E Silva de Carvalho
- Universidade de Taubaté. R. dos Operários, 09 - Centro, Taubaté, São Paulo, 12020-340, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Braz Cubas, Av. Francisco Rodrigues Filho, 1233 - Vila Mogilar, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nogueira MS, Brugnera Junior A, Bagnato VS, Panhóca VH. Evaluation of the Whitening Effectiveness of Violet Illumination Alone or Combined with Hydrogen Peroxide Gel. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2021; 39:395-402. [PMID: 33439765 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the whitening and washing steps of a treatment using violet illumination (VI) alone or combined with hydrogen peroxide gel. In addition, we evaluated the color change after cleaning the tooth with and without mineral oil. Methods: First, 16 bovine teeth were extracted and stored in 5% thymol solution. Next, the teeth were collected and cleaned. Then, the teeth were stained with instant coffee solution for 24 h. The teeth were divided in four groups: control, VI without 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (VI), VI with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (VI + gel), and VI without 35% hydrogen peroxide gel and cleaned with mineral oil before washing (VI + oil). Results: The whitening treatment VI + gel was able to completely restore the teeth whiteness and make the teeth 31.2% less yellow than prior coffee staining. The VI + oil treatment led to about 3.7 times the whiteness and yellowness changes observed in the VI treatment and restored 51% of the whiteness lost by staining. Conclusions: The VI + gel treatment can be recommended against coffee stains and should be further investigated for other types of tooth stains. In addition, cleaning the tooth surface with mineral oil could be an alternative to increase the performance of whitening treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aldo Brugnera Junior
- Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of Sao Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Dental Science, Faculty of Medicine, Emdola, University in Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Vitor Hugo Panhóca
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
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