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Marrone S, Alomari AA, Mastronardi L. Current relation between Durante-Conheim theory and radiation resistance. Commentary on "Embryonic stem cell-like subpopulations are present within Schwannoma". J Clin Neurosci 2024; 124:169-171. [PMID: 38718612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Marrone
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sant'Elia Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale (ASP) Caltanissetta, via Luigi Russo 6, 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy.
| | - Amer A Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Roma 1, via Martinotti 20, 00135 Rome, Italy; Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan.
| | - Luciano Mastronardi
- Department of Neurosurgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Roma 1, via Martinotti 20, 00135 Rome, Italy.
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2
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Gisina A, Kim Y, Yarygin K, Lupatov A. Can CD133 Be Regarded as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oncology: Pros and Cons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17398. [PMID: 38139228 PMCID: PMC10744290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The CD133 cell membrane glycoprotein, also termed prominin-1, is expressed on some of the tumor cells of both solid and blood malignancies. The CD133-positive tumor cells were shown to exhibit higher proliferative activity, greater chemo- and radioresistance, and enhanced tumorigenicity compared to their CD133-negative counterparts. For this reason, CD133 is regarded as a potential prognostic biomarker in oncology. The CD133-positive cells are related to the cancer stem cell subpopulation in many types of cancer. Recent studies demonstrated the involvement of CD133 in the regulation of proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in cancer cells. There is also evidence of its participation in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated with tumor progression. For a number of malignant tumor types, high CD133 expression is associated with poor prognosis, and the prognostic significance of CD133 has been confirmed in a number of meta-analyses. However, some published papers suggest that CD133 has no prognostic significance or even demonstrate a certain correlation between high CD133 levels and a positive prognosis. This review summarizes and discusses the existing evidence for and against the prognostic significance of CD133 in cancer. We also consider possible reasons for conflicting findings from the studies of the clinical significance of CD133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Gisina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, V. N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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3
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Dogbey DM, Torres VES, Fajemisin E, Mpondo L, Ngwenya T, Akinrinmade OA, Perriman AW, Barth S. Technological advances in the use of viral and non-viral vectors for delivering genetic and non-genetic cargos for cancer therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:2719-2738. [PMID: 37301780 PMCID: PMC10257536 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The burden of cancer is increasing globally. Several challenges facing its mainstream treatment approaches have formed the basis for the development of targeted delivery systems to carry and distribute anti-cancer payloads to their defined targets. This site-specific delivery of drug molecules and gene payloads to selectively target druggable biomarkers aimed at inducing cell death while sparing normal cells is the principal goal for cancer therapy. An important advantage of a delivery vector either viral or non-viral is the cumulative ability to penetrate the haphazardly arranged and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment of solid tumours and or withstand antibody-mediated immune response. Biotechnological approaches incorporating rational protein engineering for the development of targeted delivery systems which may serve as vehicles for packaging and distribution of anti-cancer agents to selectively target and kill cancer cells are highly desired. Over the years, these chemically and genetically modified delivery systems have aimed at distribution and selective accumulation of drug molecules at receptor sites resulting in constant maintenance of high drug bioavailability for effective anti-tumour activity. In this review, we highlighted the state-of-the art viral and non-viral drug and gene delivery systems and those under developments focusing on cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Makafui Dogbey
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Emmanuel Fajemisin
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Liyabona Mpondo
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Takunda Ngwenya
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Olusiji Alex Akinrinmade
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, Bristol, UK
| | - Stefan Barth
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Medical Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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4
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Pospieszna J, Dams-Kozlowska H, Udomsak W, Murias M, Kucinska M. Unmasking the Deceptive Nature of Cancer Stem Cells: The Role of CD133 in Revealing Their Secrets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10910. [PMID: 37446085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, and its complexity poses a significant challenge to effective treatment. Cancer stem cells and their markers have become key players in tumor growth and progression. CD133, a marker in various cancer types, is an active research area as a potential therapeutic target. This article explores the role of CD133 in cancer treatment, beginning with an overview of cancer statistics and an explanation of cancer stem cells and their markers. The rise of CD133 is discussed, including its structure, functions, and occurrence in different cancer types. Furthermore, the article covers CD133 as a therapeutic target, focusing on gene therapy, immunotherapy, and approaches to affect CD133 expression. Nanoparticles such as gold nanoparticles and nanoliposomes are also discussed in the context of CD133-targeted therapy. In conclusion, CD133 is a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. As research in this area progresses, it is hoped that CD133-targeted therapies will offer new and effective treatment options for cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pospieszna
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Hanna Dams-Kozlowska
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wachirawit Udomsak
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10 Street, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Kucinska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 30 Dojazd Street, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
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5
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Gisina A, Kholodenko I, Kim Y, Abakumov M, Lupatov A, Yarygin K. Glioma Stem Cells: Novel Data Obtained by Single-Cell Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common type of primary CNS tumor, composed of cells that resemble normal glial cells. Recent genetic studies have provided insight into the inter-tumoral heterogeneity of gliomas, resulting in the updated 2021 WHO classification of gliomas. Thorough understanding of inter-tumoral heterogeneity has already improved the prognosis and treatment outcomes of some types of gliomas. Currently, the challenge for researchers is to study the intratumoral cell heterogeneity of newly defined glioma subtypes. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) present in gliomas and many other tumors are an example of intratumoral heterogeneity of great importance. In this review, we discuss the modern concept of glioma stem cells and recent single-cell sequencing-driven progress in the research of intratumoral glioma cell heterogeneity. The particular emphasis was placed on the recently revealed variations of the cell composition of the subtypes of the adult-type diffuse gliomas, including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma. The novel data explain the inconsistencies in earlier glioma stem cell research and also provide insight into the development of more effective targeted therapy and the cell-based immunotherapy of gliomas. Separate sections are devoted to the description of single-cell sequencing approach and its role in the development of cell-based immunotherapies for glioma.
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Yu JR, LeRoy G, Bready D, Frenster JD, Saldaña-Meyer R, Jin Y, Descostes N, Stafford JM, Placantonakis DG, Reinberg D. The H3K36me2 writer-reader dependency in H3K27M-DIPG. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabg7444. [PMID: 34261657 PMCID: PMC8279504 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg7444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Histone H3K27M is a driving mutation in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a deadly pediatric brain tumor. H3K27M reshapes the epigenome through a global inhibition of PRC2 catalytic activity and displacement of H3K27me2/3, promoting oncogenesis of DIPG. As a consequence, a histone modification H3K36me2, antagonistic to H3K27me2/3, is aberrantly elevated. Here, we investigate the role of H3K36me2 in H3K27M-DIPG by tackling its upstream catalyzing enzymes (writers) and downstream binding factors (readers). We determine that NSD1 and NSD2 are the key writers for H3K36me2. Loss of NSD1/2 in H3K27M-DIPG impedes cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis by disrupting tumor-promoting transcriptional programs. Further, we demonstrate that LEDGF and HDGF2 are the main readers mediating the protumorigenic effects downstream of NSD1/2-H3K36me2. Treatment with a chemically modified peptide mimicking endogenous H3K36me2 dislodges LEDGF/HDGF2 from chromatin and specifically inhibits the proliferation of H3K27M-DIPG. Our results indicate a functional pathway of NSD1/2-H3K36me2-LEDGF/HDGF2 as an acquired dependency in H3K27M-DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ray Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary LeRoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Devin Bready
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua D Frenster
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Jin
- Shared Bioinformatics Core Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Nicolas Descostes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- EMBL Rome, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Rome, Italy
| | - James M Stafford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Brain and Spine Tumor Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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7
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Giotta Lucifero A, Luzzi S, Brambilla I, Trabatti C, Mosconi M, Savasta S, Foiadelli T. Innovative therapies for malignant brain tumors: the road to a tailored cure. Acta Biomed 2020; 91:5-17. [PMID: 32608372 PMCID: PMC7975829 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i7-s.9951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Immune tolerance, immune escape, neoangiogenesis, phenotypic changes, and glioma stem cells are all responsible for the resistance of malignant brain tumors to current therapies and persistent recurrence. The present study provides a panoramic view of innovative therapies for malignant brain tumors, especially glioblastoma, aimed at achieving a tailored approach. Methods: PubMed/Medline and ClinicalTrials.gov were the main sources of an extensive literature review in which “Regenerative Medicine,” “Cell-Based Therapy,” “Chemotherapy,” “Vaccine,” “Cell Engineering,” “Immunotherapy, Active,” “Immunotherapy, Adoptive,” “Stem Cells,” “Gene Therapy,” “Target Therapy,” “Brain Cancer,” “Glioblastoma,” and “Malignant Brain Tumor” were the search terms. Only articles in English published in the last 5 years were included. A further selection was made according to the quality of the studies and level of evidence. Results: Cell-based and targeted therapies represent the newest frontiers of brain cancer treatment. Active and adoptive immunotherapies, stem cell therapies, and gene therapies represent a tremendous evolution in recent years due to many preclinical and clinical studies. Clinical trials have validated the effectiveness of antibody-based immunotherapies, including an in-depth study of bevacizumab, in combination with standard of care. Preclinical data highlights the role of vaccines, stem cells, and gene therapies to prevent recurrence. Conclusion: Monoclonal antibodies strengthen the first-line therapy for high grade gliomas. Vaccines, engineered cells, stem cells, and gene and targeted therapies are good candidates for second-line treatment of both newly diagnosed and recurrent gliomas. Further data are necessary to validate this tailored approach at the bedside. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabino Luzzi
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Brambilla
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Uni-versity of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Trabatti
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Uni-versity of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Mario Mosconi
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Uni-versity of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Thomas Foiadelli
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Uni-versity of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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8
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Del Vecchio C, Calistri A, Parolin C, Mucignat-Caretta C. Lentiviral Vectors as Tools for the Study and Treatment of Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E417. [PMID: 30909628 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) has the worst prognosis among brain tumors, hence basic biology, preclinical, and clinical studies are necessary to design effective strategies to defeat this disease. Gene transfer vectors derived from the most-studied lentivirus-the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1-have wide application in dissecting GBM specific features to identify potential therapeutic targets. Last-generation lentiviruses (LV), highly improved in safety profile and gene transfer capacity, are also largely employed as delivery systems of therapeutic molecules to be employed in gene therapy (GT) approaches. LV were initially used in GT protocols aimed at the expression of suicide factors to induce GBM cell death. Subsequently, LV were adopted to either express small noncoding RNAs to affect different aspects of GBM biology or to overcome the resistance to both chemo- and radiotherapy that easily develop in this tumor after initial therapy. Newer frontiers include adoption of LV for engineering T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors recognizing specific GBM antigens, or for transducing specific cell types that, due to their biological properties, can function as carriers of therapeutic molecules to the cancer mass. Finally, LV allow the setting up of improved animal models crucial for the validation of GBM specific therapies.
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9
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Abstract
This chapter provides detailed step-by-step instructions for the production of lentiviral particles and the transduction of primary human glioblastoma cultures. Lentiviruses stably transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells, such as quiescent cancer stem cell populations. The viral envelope is pseudotyped with the vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein G (VSV-G), which renders the lentiviral particles pantropic, so that they can infect theoretically all cell types. The third generation packaging system used in this protocol produces lentiviruses with important safety features, including replication incompetence and self-inactivation (SIN). The protocol we describe here leads to transduction of primary human glioblastoma cultures with efficiencies of up to 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Frenster
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julio Inocencio
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Brain Tumor Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Modrek AS, Prado J, Bready D, Dhaliwal J, Golub D, Placantonakis DG. Modeling Glioma with Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neural Lineages. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1741:227-237. [PMID: 29392705 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7659-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are malignant primary tumors of the central nervous system. Their cell-of-origin is thought to be a neural progenitor or stem cell that acquires mutations leading to oncogenic transformation. Thanks to advances in human stem cell biology, it has become possible to derive human cell types that represent putative cells-of-origin in vitro and model the gliomagenesis process by systematically introducing genetic alterations in these human cells. Here, we present methods to derive human neural stem cells (NSCs) from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Because these NSCs are genetically unmodified at baseline, they can be used as a cellular platform to study the effects of individual oncogenic hits in a well-controlled manner in the backdrop of a human genetic background. We also present some key applications of these NSCs, which include their transduction with lentiviral vectors, their neuroglial differentiation and xenografting methods into immunocompromised mice to assess in vivo behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram S Modrek
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jod Prado
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Devin Bready
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danielle Golub
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest a cellular hierarchy in glioblastoma (GBM). In this hierarchy, GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) play critical roles in tumor progression and recurrence, by virtue of their robust tumor-propagating potential and resistance to conventional chemoradiotherapy. Therefore, targeting GSCs holds significant therapeutic promise. Expression of CD133 (PROM1), a cell surface glycoprotein, has been associated with the GSC phenotype and used as a GSC marker. Here, we describe a protocol that allows the selective lentiviral transduction of CD133-expressing GBM cells. This selectivity is conferred by pseudotyping the lentiviral envelope with a single-chain antibody against an extracellular epitope on CD133. We previously demonstrated the efficacy and specificity of this lentiviral vector using patient-derived GBM cultures. This chapter outlines the preparation of the vector and the transduction of human GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sumru Bayin
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain Tumor Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Over the past century, treatment of malignant tumors of the brain has remained a challenge. Refinements in neurosurgical techniques, discovery of powerful chemotherapeutic agents, advances in radiotherapy, applications of biotechnology, and improvements in methods of targeted delivery have led to some extension of length of survival of glioblastoma patients. Refinements in surgery are mentioned because most of the patients with glioblastoma undergo surgery and many of the other innovative therapies are combined with surgery. However, cure of glioblastoma has remained elusive because it requires complete destruction of the tumor. Radical surgical ablation is not possible in the brain and even a small residual tumor leads to rapid recurrence that eventually kills the patient. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) comprising brain endothelial cells lining the cerebral microvasculature, limits delivery of drugs to the brain. Even though opening of the BBB in tumor core occurs locally, BBB limits systemic chemotherapy especially at the tumor periphery, where tumor cells invade normal brain structure comprising intact BBB. Comprehensive approaches are necessary to gain maximally from promising targeted therapies. Common methods used for critical evaluation of targeted therapies for glioblastoma include: (1) novel methods for targeted delivery of chemotherapy; (2) strategies for delivery through BBB and blood-tumor barriers; (3) innovations in radiotherapy for selective destruction of tumor; (4) techniques for local destruction of tumor; (5) tumor growth inhibitors; (6) immunotherapy; and (7) cell/gene therapies. Suggestions for improvements in glioblastoma therapy include: (1) controlled targeted delivery of anticancer therapy to glioblastoma through the BBB using nanoparticles and monoclonal antibodies; (2) direct introduction of genetically modified bacteria that selectively destroy cancer cells but spare the normal brain into the remaining tumor after resection; (3) use of better animal models for preclinical testing; and (4) personalized/precision medicine approaches to therapy in clinical trials and translation into practice of neurosurgery and neurooncology. Advances in these techniques suggest optimism for the future management of glioblastoma.
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13
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Modrek AS, Golub D, Khan T, Bready D, Prado J, Bowman C, Deng J, Zhang G, Rocha PP, Raviram R, Lazaris C, Stafford JM, LeRoy G, Kader M, Dhaliwal J, Bayin NS, Frenster JD, Serrano J, Chiriboga L, Baitalmal R, Nanjangud G, Chi AS, Golfinos JG, Wang J, Karajannis MA, Bonneau RA, Reinberg D, Tsirigos A, Zagzag D, Snuderl M, Skok JA, Neubert TA, Placantonakis DG. Low-Grade Astrocytoma Mutations in IDH1, P53, and ATRX Cooperate to Block Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cells via Repression of SOX2. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1267-1280. [PMID: 29091765 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-grade astrocytomas (LGAs) carry neomorphic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) concurrently with P53 and ATRX loss. To model LGA formation, we introduced R132H IDH1, P53 shRNA, and ATRX shRNA into human neural stem cells (NSCs). These oncogenic hits blocked NSC differentiation, increased invasiveness in vivo, and led to a DNA methylation and transcriptional profile resembling IDH1 mutant human LGAs. The differentiation block was caused by transcriptional silencing of the transcription factor SOX2 secondary to disassociation of its promoter from a putative enhancer. This occurred because of reduced binding of the chromatin organizer CTCF to its DNA motifs and disrupted chromatin looping. Our human model of IDH mutant LGA formation implicates impaired NSC differentiation because of repression of SOX2 as an early driver of gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram S Modrek
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Danielle Golub
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Themasap Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Devin Bready
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jod Prado
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Christopher Bowman
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jingjing Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Pedro P Rocha
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ramya Raviram
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Charalampos Lazaris
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Applied Bioinformatics Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - James M Stafford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gary LeRoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Kader
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - N Sumru Bayin
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Joshua D Frenster
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jonathan Serrano
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Luis Chiriboga
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rabaa Baitalmal
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gouri Nanjangud
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew S Chi
- Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - John G Golfinos
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Matthias A Karajannis
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Richard A Bonneau
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA; Department of Computer Science, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA; Simons Center for Data Analysis, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Applied Bioinformatics Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - David Zagzag
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jane A Skok
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Thomas A Neubert
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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14
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Mokhtarzadeh A, Hassanpour S, Vahid ZF, Hejazi M, Hashemi M, Ranjbari J, Tabarzad M, Noorolyai S, de la Guardia M. Nano-delivery system targeting to cancer stem cell cluster of differentiation biomarkers. J Control Release 2017; 266:166-186. [PMID: 28941992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are one of the most important origins of cancer progression and metastasis. CSCs have unique self-renewal properties and diverse cell membrane receptors that induced the resistance to the conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, the therapeutic removal of CSCs could result in the cancer cure with lack of recurrence and metastasis. In this regard, targeting CSCs in accordance to their specific biomarkers is a talented attitude in cancer therapy. Various CSCs surface biomarkers have been described, which some of them exhibited similarities on different cancer cell types, while the others are cancer specific and have just been reported on one or a few types of cancers. In this review, the importance of CSCs in cancer development and therapeutic response has been stated. Different CSCs cluster of differentiation (CD) biomarkers and their specific function and applications in the treatment of cancers have been discussed, Special attention has been made on targeted nano-delivery systems. In this regard, several examples have been illustrated concerning specific natural and artificial ligands against CSCs CD biomarkers that could be decorated on various nanoparticulated drug delivery systems to enhance therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic agents or anticancer gene therapy. The outlook of CSCs biomarkers discovery and therapeutic/diagnostic applications was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Hassanpour
- Department of Biochemistry, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Maryam Hashemi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Ranjbari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Tabarzad
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Noorolyai
- Department of Biochemistry, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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15
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Frenster JD, Inocencio JF, Xu Z, Dhaliwal J, Alghamdi A, Zagzag D, Bayin NS, Placantonakis DG. GPR133 Promotes Glioblastoma Growth in Hypoxia. Neurosurgery 2017; 64:177-181. [PMID: 28899043 PMCID: PMC6433437 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyx227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Frenster
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New
York
| | | | - Zhongye Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Joravar Dhaliwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - David Zagzag
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - N. Sumru Bayin
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, NYU School of
Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Dimitris G. Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New
York
- Brain Tumor Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
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16
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Liu L, Liang Z, Guo K, Wang H. Relationship between the expression of CD133, HIF-1α, VEGF and the proliferation and apoptosis in hypoxic human prostate cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4065-4068. [PMID: 28943913 PMCID: PMC5592884 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study measured the levels of expression of CD133, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human prostate cancer cells grown under hypoxic and non-hypoxic conditions to compare the values to resulting amounts of proliferation and apoptosis in the cells. Human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP cells were routinely thawed, cultured and passaged. Actively growing cells were divided into batches. Cells in the control group were grown under 5% CO2 + 20% O2, and those in the hypoxia group were grown under 5% CO2 + 1% O2. The experiments were performed after 12, 24 and 72 h under each growth condition. The percentages of CD13+ cells were detected by flow cytometry, the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF was detected by western blot analysis, the cell proliferation rate was detected by the MTT assay, and the apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the percentage of CD133+ cells, and the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF for the cells in the hypoxia group increased gradually from 12 to 24, to 72 h, while there were no equivalent changes in the control group. Cell proliferation in the two groups increased gradually from 12 to 24, to 72 h, but was significantly higher at all time-points in the hypoxia group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in terms of the amount of apoptotic cells at any of the three different time-points in either group, but the apoptotic cells in the hypoxia group were significantly less than those in the control group at each time-point, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). We conclude that the expression of CD133+, HIF-1α and VEGF in human prostate cancer cells is related to conditions of hypoxia, which ultimately promotes the proliferation and reduces apoptosis in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Liu
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zuowen Liang
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Kaimin Guo
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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17
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Bayin NS, Frenster JD, Sen R, Si S, Modrek AS, Galifianakis N, Dolgalev I, Ortenzi V, Illa-Bochaca I, Khahera A, Serrano J, Chiriboga L, Zagzag D, Golfinos JG, Doyle W, Tsirigos A, Heguy A, Chesler M, Barcellos-Hoff MH, Snuderl M, Placantonakis DG. Notch signaling regulates metabolic heterogeneity in glioblastoma stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:64932-53. [PMID: 29029402 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) stem cells (GSCs) reside in both hypoxic and vascular microenvironments within tumors. The molecular mechanisms that allow GSCs to occupy such contrasting niches are not understood. We used patient-derived GBM cultures to identify GSC subtypes with differential activation of Notch signaling, which co-exist in tumors but occupy distinct niches and match their metabolism accordingly. Multipotent GSCs with Notch pathway activation reside in perivascular niches, and are unable to entrain anaerobic glycolysis during hypoxia. In contrast, most CD133-expressing GSCs do not depend on canonical Notch signaling, populate tumors regardless of local vascularity and selectively utilize anaerobic glycolysis to expand in hypoxia. Ectopic activation of Notch signaling in CD133-expressing GSCs is sufficient to suppress anaerobic glycolysis and resistance to hypoxia. These findings demonstrate a novel role for Notch signaling in regulating GSC metabolism and suggest intratumoral GSC heterogeneity ensures metabolic adaptations to support tumor growth in diverse tumor microenvironments.
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18
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El Fatimy R, Subramanian S, Uhlmann EJ, Krichevsky AM. Genome Editing Reveals Glioblastoma Addiction to MicroRNA-10b. Mol Ther 2017; 25:368-378. [PMID: 28153089 PMCID: PMC5368404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) brain tumor remains among the most lethal and incurable human diseases. Oncogenic microRNA-10b (miR-10b) is strongly and universally upregulated in GBM, and its inhibition by antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) reduces the growth of heterogeneous glioma cells; therefore, miR-10b represents a unique therapeutic target for GBM. Here we explored the effects of miR-10b gene editing on GBM. Using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 system, we investigated effects of miR-10b gene editing on the growth of cultured human glioma cells, tumor-initiating stem-like cells, and mouse GBM xenografts, as well as the oncogene-induced transformation of normal astrocytes. We show that GBM is strictly "addicted" to miR-10b and that miR-10b gene ablation is lethal for glioma cell cultures and established intracranial tumors. miR-10b loss-of-function mutations lead to the death of glioma, but not other cancer cell lines. We have not detected escaped proliferative clones of GBM cells edited in the miR-10b locus. Finally, neoplastic transformation of normal astrocytes was abolished by the miR-10b-editing vectors. This study demonstrates the feasibility of gene editing for brain tumors in vivo and suggests virus-mediated miR-10b gene ablation as a promising therapeutic approach that permanently eliminates the key regulator essential for tumor growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid El Fatimy
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Initiative for RNA Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shruthi Subramanian
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Initiative for RNA Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erik J Uhlmann
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Initiative for RNA Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna M Krichevsky
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Initiative for RNA Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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19
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Bayin NS, Frenster JD, Kane JR, Rubenstein J, Modrek AS, Baitalmal R, Dolgalev I, Rudzenski K, Scarabottolo L, Crespi D, Redaelli L, Snuderl M, Golfinos JG, Doyle W, Pacione D, Parker EC, Chi AS, Heguy A, MacNeil DJ, Shohdy N, Zagzag D, Placantonakis DG. GPR133 (ADGRD1), an adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor, is necessary for glioblastoma growth. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e263. [PMID: 27775701 PMCID: PMC5117849 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly primary brain malignancy with extensive intratumoral hypoxia. Hypoxic regions of GBM contain stem-like cells and are associated with tumor growth and angiogenesis. The molecular mechanisms that regulate tumor growth in hypoxic conditions are incompletely understood. Here, we use primary human tumor biospecimens and cultures to identify GPR133 (ADGRD1), an orphan member of the adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors, as a critical regulator of the response to hypoxia and tumor growth in GBM. GPR133 is selectively expressed in CD133+ GBM stem cells (GSCs) and within the hypoxic areas of PPN in human biospecimens. GPR133 mRNA is transcriptionally upregulated by hypoxia in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif1α)-dependent manner. Genetic inhibition of GPR133 with short hairpin RNA reduces the prevalence of CD133+ GSCs, tumor cell proliferation and tumorsphere formation in vitro. Forskolin rescues the GPR133 knockdown phenotype, suggesting that GPR133 signaling is mediated by cAMP. Implantation of GBM cells with short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of GPR133 in the mouse brain markedly reduces tumor xenograft formation and increases host survival. Analysis of the TCGA data shows that GPR133 expression levels are inversely correlated with patient survival. These findings indicate that GPR133 is an important mediator of the hypoxic response in GBM and has significant protumorigenic functions. We propose that GPR133 represents a novel molecular target in GBM and possibly other malignancies where hypoxia is fundamental to pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Bayin
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J D Frenster
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J R Kane
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Rubenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A S Modrek
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Baitalmal
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - I Dolgalev
- Genome Technology Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Rudzenski
- Office for Therapeutic Alliances, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - M Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Brain Tumor Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J G Golfinos
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Brain Tumor Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - W Doyle
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Pacione
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - E C Parker
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A S Chi
- Brain Tumor Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Heguy
- Genome Technology Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - D J MacNeil
- Office for Therapeutic Alliances, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - N Shohdy
- Office for Therapeutic Alliances, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Zagzag
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Brain Tumor Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - D G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Brain Tumor Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Buchholz CJ, Friedel T, Büning H. Surface-Engineered Viral Vectors for Selective and Cell Type-Specific Gene Delivery. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 33:777-790. [PMID: 26497425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in gene transfer technology enables the delivery of genes precisely to the application-relevant cell type ex vivo on cultivated primary cells or in vivo on local or systemic administration. Gene vectors based on lentiviruses or adeno-associated viruses can be engineered such that they use a cell surface marker of choice for cell entry instead of their natural receptors. Binding to the surface marker is mediated by a targeting ligand displayed on the vector particle surface, which can be a peptide, single-chain antibody, or designed ankyrin repeat protein. Examples include vectors that deliver genes to specialized endothelial cells or lymphocytes, tumor cells, or particular cells of the nervous system with potential applications in gene function studies and molecular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Buchholz
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, 63225 Langen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | - Hildegard Büning
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner sites Bonn-Cologne and Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
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21
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Lévy C, Verhoeyen E, Cosset FL. Surface engineering of lentiviral vectors for gene transfer into gene therapy target cells. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015; 24:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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