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Díaz MC, Nuttall M, Pomponi SA, Rützler K, Klontz S, Adams C, Hickerson EL, Schmahl GP. An annotated and illustrated identification guide to common mesophotic reef sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) inhabiting Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and vicinities. Zookeys 2023; 1161:1-68. [PMID: 37234741 PMCID: PMC10208736 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1161.93754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sponges are recognized as a diverse and abundant component of mesophotic and deep-sea ecosystems worldwide. In Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary region within the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, sponges thrive among diverse biological and geological habitats between 16-200+ m deep (i.e., coral reefs and communities, algal nodules, and coralline algae reefs, mesophotic reefs, patch reefs, scarps, ridges, soft substrate, and rocky outcrops). A synoptic guide is presented, developed by studying common sponge species in the region, through direct sampling and in-situ photographic records. A total of 64 species is included: 60 are Demospongiae (14 orders), two are Hexactinellida (one order), and two are Homoscleromorpha (one order). Thirty-four taxa are identified to species and 13 were identified to have affinity with, but were not identical to, a known species. Fifteen taxa could only be identified to genus level, and the species remain as uncertain (incerta sedis), with the potential to represent new species or variants of known species. One specimen received only a family assignation. This study extends geographic or mesophotic occurrence data for eleven known species and includes several potentially new species. This work improves our knowledge of Gulf of Mexico sponge biodiversity and highlights the importance of the region for scientists and resource managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Díaz
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USAFlorida Atlantic UniversityFort PierceUnited States of America
| | - Marissa Nuttall
- Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USAFlower Garden Banks National Marine SanctuaryGalvestonUnited States of America
- CPC Inc, Galveston, TX, USACPC IncGalvestonUnited States of America
| | - Shirley A. Pomponi
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USAFlorida Atlantic UniversityFort PierceUnited States of America
| | - Klaus Rützler
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., USANational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian InstitutionWaschngton DCUnited States of America
| | - Sarah Klontz
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USAGenetic Disease Research Branch, NHGRI, NIHBethesdaUnited States of America
| | - Christi Adams
- Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USAFlower Garden Banks National Marine SanctuaryGalvestonUnited States of America
| | - Emma L. Hickerson
- Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USAFlower Garden Banks National Marine SanctuaryGalvestonUnited States of America
| | - G. P. Schmahl
- Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX, USAFlower Garden Banks National Marine SanctuaryGalvestonUnited States of America
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Pulido Mantas T, Roveta C, Calcinai B, Coppari M, Di Camillo CG, Marchesi V, Marrocco T, Puce S, Cerrano C. Photogrammetry as a promising tool to unveil marine caves' benthic assemblages. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7587. [PMID: 37165208 PMCID: PMC10172382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, monitoring approaches to survey marine caves have been constrained by equipment limitations and strict safety protocols. Nowadays, the rise of new approaches opens new possibilities to describe these peculiar ecosystems. The current study aimed to explore the potential of Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry to assess the abundance and spatial distribution of the sessile benthic assemblages inside a semi-submerged marine cave. Additionally, since impacts of recent date mussel Lithophaga lithophaga illegal fishing were recorded, a special emphasis was paid to its distribution and densities. The results of SfM were compared with a more "traditional approach", by simulating photo-quadrats deployments over the produced orthomosaics. A total of 22 sessile taxa were identified, with Porifera representing the dominant taxa within the cave, and L. lithophaga presenting a density of 88.3 holes/m2. SfM and photo-quadrats obtained comparable results regarding species richness, percentage cover of identified taxa and most of the seascape metrics, while, in terms of taxa density estimations, photo-quadrats highly overestimated their values. SfM resulted in a suitable non-invasive technique to record marine cave assemblages. Seascape indexes proved to be a comprehensive way to describe the spatial pattern of distribution of benthic organisms, establishing a useful baseline to assess future community shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torcuato Pulido Mantas
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Camilla Roveta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Barbara Calcinai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Martina Coppari
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Gioia Di Camillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Veronica Marchesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Teo Marrocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Puce
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, Viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032, Fano, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica di Napoli Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
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Bettcher L, Fernandez JCC, Gastaldi M, Bispo A, Leal CV, Leite D, Avelino-Alves D, Clerier PHB, Rezende D, Gulart CMR, Pinheiro U, Hajdu E. Checklist, diversity descriptors and selected descriptions of a highly diverse intertidal sponge (Porifera) assemblage at Costa do Descobrimento (Bahia, Brazil). Zootaxa 2023; 5277:443-489. [PMID: 37518309 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Costa do Descobrimento is located in southern Bahia, Brazil, and only 22 species of sponges (Porifera) were known from the area until now, despite its important reef formations. In the present study, we report a checklist of the sponges of Costa do Descobrimento and their distribution in the studied reefs, with several species illustrated in life. We also describe nine new sponge records for this region, some of which are new records for Brazil, or new records of species previously only poorly known. We present alpha and beta diversity indices and compare the sponge assemblage of the sampled locations. Four reefs were considered: two fringing reefs (Arraial D'Ajuda-AA and Coroa Vermelha / Mutá-CVM) and two offshore Municipal Marine Park "Parque Municipal Marinho- (P.M.M. Coroa Alta-CA and P.M.M. Recife de Fora-RF). A total of 229 specimens were collected (224 Demospongiae, 2 Homoscleromorpha and 3 Calcarea). These were classified in 101 morphotypes. Studied materials included representatives of 15 orders, 34 families and 48 genera. The richest orders are Haplosclerida (29 spp.), Poecilosclerida (15 spp.) and Tetractinellida (11 spp.). The richest families were Chalinidae (24 spp.), Clionaidae (7 spp.) and Mycalidae and Suberitidae (6 spp. each). The richest genus is, by far, Haliclona (20 spp.). Only 13 species were shared among all four reefs surveyed, namely Amphimedon viridis, Cinachyrella alloclada, C. apion, Cladocroce caelum, Cliona varians, Dysidea robusta, Mycale (Naviculina) diversisigmata, Niphates erecta, Spirastrella hartmani, Tedania (Tedania) ignis, Terpios fugax, Tethya bitylastra and T. maza. The reefs with the highest richness were CA and CVM, and the lowest richness was observed in RF. The most similar reefs in terms of species composition were CA and CVM, while AA and RF were more dissimilar to the previous reefs, but also from each other. While the difference among CA, CVM and AA was mainly explained by species turnover, RF differed from the previous based on its lower richness (nestedness component). Even though CA and CVM were the richest reefs, AA presented the highest number of exclusive species, highlighting the uniqueness of this reef, and urging the inclusion of local beachrock fringing reefs in a more holistic conservation strategy at Costa do Descobrimento.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Bettcher
- Centro de Biociências; Departamento de Zoologia-Laboratório de Porifera-LABPOR; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Avenida Prof. Moraes Rêgo; 1235; 50670-901; Cidade Universitária; Recife; PE; Brazil; Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Julio C C Fernandez
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Marianela Gastaldi
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil; Departamento de Biología; Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Martín 247; 8520 San Antonio Oeste; Río Negro; República Argentina; CONICET-Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos Almirante Storni; Güemes; 1030 San Antonio Oeste; República Argentina..
| | - André Bispo
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Camille V Leal
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil; Departamento de Genética; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho; 373; 21941-902; Cidade Universitária; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil..
| | - Dora Leite
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Dhara Avelino-Alves
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Pedro H B Clerier
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Dafinny Rezende
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Clara M R Gulart
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
| | - Ulisses Pinheiro
- Centro de Biociências; Departamento de Zoologia-Laboratório de Porifera-LABPOR; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Avenida Prof. Moraes Rêgo; 1235; 50670-901; Cidade Universitária; Recife; PE; Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Hajdu
- Departamento de Invertebrados; Museu Nacional; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil.
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Sandes J, Rocha L, Pinheiro U, Santos GG. New records of Neopetrosia carbonaria (Lamarck, 1814) from the Brazilian coast reveal new morphological features and spicule types. Zootaxa 2023; 5264:429-439. [PMID: 37518038 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5264.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Sponges of the family Petrosiidae have usually a stony and brittle texture due the high silica content of the mineral skeleton that is formed by a more-or-less regular isotropic reticulation of undefined primary and secondary tracts. Neopetrosia species are distributed worldwide and twelve species are found in the Tropical Western Atlantic Ocean, of which four are recorded from the Brazilian coast. Here, we describe new Neopetrosia carbonaria specimens from several localities along the NE Brazilian coast, analyze the Neopetrosia carbonaria holotype and review the previous record of N. carbonaria from the Brazilian coast. Our study reveals new morphological features and spicule types in the Brazilian populations of N. carbonaria. Now, Neopetrosia carbonaria is defined by a thick encrusting to repent or ramose sponge, with reddish brown to brown color or dark green to black color in vivo, two categories of oxeas as megascleres and raphidiform toxas as microscleres. These toxas are quite rare and occur in both black and brown sponges. Due the absence and rarity of raphidiform toxas in some specimens, unrelated to its color, we assume that these differences are intraspecific. However, we suggest that all records of Neopetrosia carbonaria should be reevaluated, since toxas can be easily overlooked, added to the use of molecular methods to investigate the relationship between the Caribbean and Brazilian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Sandes
- Museu Nacional; Departamento de Invertebrados; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; CEP 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil..
| | - Lívia Rocha
- Museu Nacional; Departamento de Invertebrados; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Quinta da Boa Vista; s/n; CEP 20940-040; Rio de Janeiro; RJ; Brazil..
| | - Ulisses Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Centro de Ciências Biológicas; Departamento de Zoologia; Av. Nelson Chaves; s/n; Cidade Universitária CEP 50373-970; Recife; PE; Brazil..
| | - George Garcia Santos
- Universidade Federal do Cariri; Instituto de Formação de Educadores; Rua Olegário Emídio de Araújo; s/n; CEP 63260-000; Brejo Santo; CE; Brazil..
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5
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Piron J, Betzi S, Pastour J, Restouin A, Castellano R, Collette Y, Tysklind N, Smith-Ravin J, Priam F. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of marine sponge extracts Agelas clathrodes, Desmapsamma anchorata and Verongula rigida from a Caribbean Island. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13955. [PMID: 36172499 PMCID: PMC9512013 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although marine sponges are known for their antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic activity, very few studies have been carried out on endemic species of Martinique. Martinique is part of the Agoa Sanctuary, a marine protected area that includes the exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of the French Caribbean islands, making it an abundant source of marine species. To highlight the potential of this area for the discovery of marine biomolecules with antipathogenic and antitumor activities, we tested the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of sponge species Agelas clathrodes, Desmapsamma anchorata and Verongula rigida. Five bacterial strains: Bacillus cereus (CIP 78.3), Escherichia coli (CIP 54.127), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CIP A22), Staphylococcus aureus (CIP 67.8) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (CIP 76125) were evaluated, as well as four tumor cell lines: breast cancer (MDA-MB231), glioblastoma (RES259) and leukemia (MOLM14 and HL-60). Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion technique by determining the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations. Tumor cytotoxic activity was determined in vitro by defining the minimum concentration of extracts that would inhibit cell growth. Ethanolic extracts of Agelas clathrodes were bactericidal for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains, as well as strongly cytotoxic (IC50 < 20 µg/mL) on all cancer cell lines. Verongula rigida also showed strong cytotoxic activity on cell lines but no antimicrobial activity. These results are innovative for this species on these bacterial lines, highlighting the potential of sponge extracts from this area as bioactive compounds sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Piron
- Groupe de Recherche BIOSPHERES, Université des Antilles, Campus de Schoelcher, Martinique, France
| | - Stephane Betzi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) - Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Jessica Pastour
- Groupe de Recherche BIOSPHERES, Université des Antilles, Campus de Schoelcher, Martinique, France
| | - Audrey Restouin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) - Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) - Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Yves Collette
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) - Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Niklas Tysklind
- INRAE - UMR 0745 ECOFOG, Campus Agronomique CEDEX, Kourou, Guyane, France
| | - Juliette Smith-Ravin
- Groupe de Recherche BIOSPHERES, Université des Antilles, Campus de Schoelcher, Martinique, France,Association AREBio Immeuble Bellevue, Fort de France, Martinique, France
| | - Fabienne Priam
- Groupe de Recherche BIOSPHERES, Université des Antilles, Campus de Schoelcher, Martinique, France,Association AREBio Immeuble Bellevue, Fort de France, Martinique, France
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Rocha L, Moraes F, Salani S, Hajdu E. Taxonomy of Petrosiidae Van Soest, 1980 (Haplosclerida, Porifera) from Brazil. Zootaxa 2021; 5004:251-287. [PMID: 34811307 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Petrosiidae (Haplosclerida, Demospongiae) is characterized by the hard and friable consistency, and an isotropic reticulated skeleton of oxeas/ strongyles. The Brazilian coast and oceanic islands harbor three out of four known genera of Petrosiidae: Neopetrosia de Laubenfels, 1949; Petrosia (Petrosia) Vosmaer, 1885 and Xestospongia de Laubenfels, 1932. A taxonomic survey of samples from several expeditions housed at the Porifera Collection of Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, with additional comparative materials obtained from the Museu de Cincias Naturais, Fundao Zoobotnica do Rio Grande do Sul, and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco enabled the description of two new species: P. (P.) revizee sp. nov. and X. dorigo sp. nov. We also recorded a range extention for Neopetrosia proxima and Xestospongia muta, and Xestospongia grayi was synonymized with X. muta. Other species reported from the country are diagnosed, and an identification key for Petrosiidae from Brazil is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvia Rocha
- Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, CEP 2090-040, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil..
| | - Fernando Moraes
- Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, CEP 2090-040, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil. Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botnico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisas. Rua Pacheco Leo, 915/ 123, CEP 22460-030, Jardim Botnico, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil..
| | - Sula Salani
- Laboratrio de Bentos, Instituto de Cincias Biolgicas, Universidade de Braslia. Campus Universitrio Darcy Ribeiro, Bloco E, s/n, Asa Norte, CEP 70910-900, Braslia/DF, Brazil..
| | - Eduardo Hajdu
- Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, CEP 2090-040, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil..
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Abstract
Abstract
The Western Indian Ocean Province is reckoned for its rich marine diversity; however, sponges of the Mascarene Islands ecoregion are still poorly known. In La Réunion, only three species of class Calcarea have been registered. Hence, calcareous sponges were searched in seven sites representing various habitats of the Western coast of La Réunion, but found in only three of them. A total of 23 sponge samples was identified using morphological and molecular taxonomy. This sampling represents 11 species, all new records for the region, and seven of them are new to science: Ascandra mascarenica sp. nov., A. oceanusvitae sp. nov., Janusya indica gen. et sp. nov., Leucascus tenuispinae sp. nov., Lelapiella tertia sp. nov., Soleneiscus intermedius sp. nov. and Leucandra ornata sp. nov.; and a new genus, Janusya gen. nov.. Based on results from this and from previous studies, we propose the synonymization of the order Murrayonida with Clathrinida. A very low sampling effort has thus increased the number of calcareous sponge species from the Mascarenes Islands ecoregion by 69 % and from La Réunion by 367%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Klautau
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Matheus Vieira Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Tavares
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Thierry Pérez
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale IMBE, UMR CNRS 7263, IRD 237, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Station Marine d’Endoume, Rue de la Batterie des Lions 13007 Marseille, France
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Vicente J, Ríos JA, Zea S, Toonen RJ. Molecular and morphological congruence of three new cryptic Neopetrosia spp. in the Caribbean. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6371. [PMID: 30746308 PMCID: PMC6368163 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neopetrosia proxima (Porifera: Demospongiae: Haplosclerida) is described as a morphologically variable sponge common on shallow reefs of the Caribbean. However, the range of morphological and reproductive variation within putative N. proxima led us to hypothesize that such variability may be indicative of cryptic species rather than plasticity. Using DNA sequences and morphological characters we confirmed the presence of three previously undescribed species of Neopetrosia. Morphological differences of each new congener were best resolved by partial gene sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 over nuclear ones (18S rRNA and 28S rRNA). Several new characters for Neopetrosia were revealed by each new species. For example, N. dendrocrevacea sp. nov. and N. cristata sp. nov. showed the presence of grooves on the surface of the sponge body that converge at the oscula, and a more disorganized skeleton than previously defined for the genus. N. sigmafera sp. nov. adds the (1) presence of sigma microscleres, (2) significantly wider/longer oxeas (>200 μm), and (3) the presence of parenchymella larvae. Sampling of conspecifics throughout several locations in the Caribbean revealed larger spicules in habitats closer to the continental shelf than those in remote island locations. Our study highlights the importance of integrating molecular and morphological systematics for the discrimination of new Neopetrosia spp. despite belonging to one of several polyphyletic groups (families, genera) within the current definition of the order Haplosclerida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vicente
- University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology, Kāne‘ohe, HI, USA
| | - Jaime Andrés Ríos
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia—Sede Bogotá—Departamento de Biología, Ciudad Universitaria, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sven Zea
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia—Sede Caribe—Instituto de Estudios en Ciencias del Mar–CECIMAR, c/o INVEMAR, Rodadero Sur, Playa Salguero, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Robert J. Toonen
- University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology, Kāne‘ohe, HI, USA
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Cóndor-Luján B, Louzada T, Hajdu E, Klautau M. Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea. Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Báslavi Cóndor-Luján
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Taynara Louzada
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biociências, Urca, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Hajdu
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Michelle Klautau
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, CEP, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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