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Rafiei S, Kheradkhah G, Kotronoulas G, Doustmehraban M, Shafiei F, Masoumi M, Parnian E, Nosrati Sanjabad E, Ghashghaee A. Quality of life in bladder cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024; 13:e707-e714. [PMID: 37400163 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, bladder cancer (BC) has been regarded as the tenth most common cancer with more than 573 000 new cases in 2020. This research presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the quality of life (QOL) among patients with BC. METHODS The study was designed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A total of 11 articles were extracted from a literature search conducted through electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science from the onset of January 2000 to June 2022. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the pooled QOL in patients with BC. RESULTS We included 11 primary studies in the final meta-analysis. Based on random effect analysis, total score of QOL was 53.92 (95% CI: 47.84 to 60) representing a moderate level of QOL among patients. Based on the analysis, it was found that physical items with a score of 49.82 (95% CI: 45.8 to 53.84) had a lower score in comparison with mental items at a score of 52 (95% CI: 49.54 to 54.47). In addition, the item of role limitations due to physical health with a score of 46.26 (95% CI: 20.11 to 72.41), and social functioning with a score of 46.25 (95% CI: 18.85 to 73.66), respectively, had the lowest QOL in patients with BC. CONCLUSION Generally, the QOL among patients with BC was in a moderate condition, which can be improved through determining the influencing factors on QOL as a crucial strategy to define future treatment procedures in an effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Rafiei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Golnaz Kheradkhah
- The School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Maryam Doustmehraban
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Farnoosh Shafiei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health Management and Information Sciences Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Masoumi
- Clinical research and development center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Elaheh Parnian
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health Management and Information Sciences Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Nosrati Sanjabad
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghashghaee
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
- The School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Catto JWF, Rogers Z, Downing A, Mason SJ, Jubber I, Bottomley S, Conner M, Absolom K, Glaser A. Lifestyle Factors in Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Contemporary Picture of Tobacco Smoking, Electronic Cigarette Use, Body Mass Index, and Levels of Physical Activity. Eur Urol Focus 2023; 9:974-982. [PMID: 37080801 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about contemporary lifestyle choices in patients with bladder cancer (BC). These choices include carcinogenic risk factors and could affect fitness to receive treatments. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the contemporary lifestyle choices in BC patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Self-reported surveys from participants diagnosed with BC in the previous 10 yr captured smoking patterns, e-cigarette use, physical activity using the GODIN Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, long-term conditions (LTCs), relationship status, sociodemographics, and body mass index (BMI; height and weight). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Findings were compared with the general population and men with prostate cancer. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Completed surveys were received from 2092 participants. Most respondents were ex-smokers (61% vs 10% current vs 29% never). The use of e-cigarettes was uncommon (9%) and at lower rates than the age-equivalent general population. Passive smoke exposure was frequent (48%). Most participants (68%) were "insufficiently active" using the GODIN criteria and less physically active than the age-equivalent general population. Most respondents (44%) were classified as overweight (BMI 25-29.99) or obese (22%, BMI >30). Lifestyle factors varied with age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, and LTCs. Younger participants were less likely to smoke (p < 0.001), more likely to have used e-cigarettes (p < 0.001), but more likely to have had passive smoke exposure (p = 0.008). Those from less affluent areas were more likely to smoke (p < 0.001), have used e-cigarettes (p < 0.001), and have had passive smoke exposure (p = 0.02). Females were less likely to be smokers (p < 0.001) but more likely to have been exposed to passive smoke (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Persons affected by BC often have smoking exposures and high BMI, and are insufficiently active. Rates of e-cigarette use were lower than in the general population. Efforts to improve quality of life in this cohort should include wider advocation of smoking cessation, perhaps including the use of e-cigarettes, and programmes to increase exercise and reduce BMI. PATIENT SUMMARY We looked at the lifestyle choices, such as smoking, e-cigarette use, physical activity levels, and obesity, of patients following a bladder cancer diagnosis. We conclude that this population would benefit from healthy lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W F Catto
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Zoe Rogers
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Amy Downing
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Samantha J Mason
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Ibrahim Jubber
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Bottomley
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mark Conner
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Kate Absolom
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Adam Glaser
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Catto JW, North B, Goff M, Carter A, Sleeth M, Mandrik O, Chilcott J, Sasieni P, Cumberbatch MGK. Protocol for the YORKSURe prospective multistage study testing the feasibility for early detection of bladder cancer in populations with high disease-specific mortality risk. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076612. [PMID: 37678944 PMCID: PMC10496676 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Around 25% of patients with bladder cancer (BCa) present with invasive disease. Non-randomised studies of population-based screening have suggested reductions in BCa-specific mortality are possible through earlier detection. The low prevalence of lethal disease in the general population means screening is not cost-effective and there is no consensus on the best strategy. Yorkshire has some of the highest mortality rates from BCa in England. We aim to test whether population screening in a region of high mortality risk will lead to a downward stage-migration of aggressive BCa, improved survival and is cost-effective. METHODS AND ANALYSIS YORKSURe is a tiered, randomised, multicohort study to test the feasibility of a large BCa screening randomised controlled trial. In three parallel cohorts, participants will self-test urine (at home) up to six times. Results are submitted via a mobile app or freephone. Those with a positive result will be invited for further investigation at community-based early detection clinics or within usual National Health Service (NHS) pathways. In Cohort 1, we will post self-testing kits to research engaged participants (n=2000) embedded within the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial. In Cohort 2, we will post self-testing kits to 3000 invitees. Cohort 2 participants will be randomised between haematuria and glycosuria testing using a reveal/conceal design. In Cohort 3, we will post self-testing kits to 500 patients within the NHS pathway for investigation of haematuria. Our primary outcomes are rates of recruitment and randomisation, rates of positive test and acceptability of the design. The study is currently recruiting and scheduled to finish in June 2023. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has received the following approvals: London Riverside Research Ethics Committee (22/LO/0018) and Health Research Authority Confidentiality Advisory Group (20/CAG/0009). Results will be made available to providers and researchers via publicly accessible scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN34273159.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Wf Catto
- Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Bernard North
- Cancer Prevention Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Megan Goff
- Cancer Prevention Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Abigail Carter
- Cancer Prevention Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michelle Sleeth
- Cancer Prevention Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Olena Mandrik
- School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jim Chilcott
- Health Economics and Decision Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Peter Sasieni
- Cancer Prevention Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marcus G K Cumberbatch
- Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Doshi B, Athans SR, Woloszynska A. Biological differences underlying sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer: current synopsis and future directions. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:44. [PMID: 37666817 PMCID: PMC10477245 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer have long been a subject of interest to the cancer research community, wherein men have a 4 times higher incidence rate than women, and female patients often present with higher-grade disease and experience worse outcomes. Despite the known differences in disease incidence and clinical outcomes between male and female bladder cancer patients, clinical management remains the same. In this review, we critically analyze studies that report on the biological differences between men and women and evaluate how these differences contribute to sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer. Distinct characteristics of the male and female immune systems, differences in circulating hormone levels and hormone receptor expression, and different genetic and epigenetic alterations are major biological factors that all likely contribute to disparate incidence rates and outcomes for male and female bladder cancer patients. Future preclinical and clinical studies in this area should employ experimental approaches that account for and consider sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer, thereby facilitating the development of precision medicine for the effective treatment of bladder cancer in all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavisha Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Sarah R Athans
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Anna Woloszynska
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
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Kim JY, Yoon JH, Yoo KB, Lee WR, Lee W, Kang MY. Disparity of Bladder Cancer Incidence Among Male Workers Across Industries: A Population Based Cohort Study From South Korea. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:789-793. [PMID: 37311078 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the bladder cancer risk across workers' industries. METHODS This study was conducted using Korean National Health Insurance claims data. Workers were included in this study to build a retrospective cohort of the entire working population. Workers' industries were divided into 77 industries according to the Korean Standard Industry Classification division category. The standardized incidence ratio was calculated by comparing 77 industries according to the Korean Standard Industry Classification with the educational public officer. RESULTS Bladder cancer risk was particularly high in the following industrial sectors: passenger land transport, except transport via railways; sea and coastal water transport; restaurants and mobile food service activities; telecommunications; and computer programming, consultancy, and related activities. CONCLUSIONS Our result provides evidence regarding the disparity of bladder cancer incidence among male workers across industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yoon Kim
- From the Department of Urology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.Y.K.); From the Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (J.Y.); Division of Health Administration, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea (K.Y.); Department of Research and Analysis, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea (W.R.L.); Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea (W.L.); and Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea (M.Y.K.)
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Mandrik O, Hahn AI, Catto JWF, Zauber AG, Cumberbatch M, Chilcott J. Critical Appraisal of Decision Models Used for the Economic Evaluation of Bladder Cancer Screening and Diagnosis: A Systematic Review. Pharmacoeconomics 2023; 41:633-650. [PMID: 36890355 PMCID: PMC10548889 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-023-01256-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Bladder cancer is common among current and former smokers. High bladder cancer mortality may be decreased through early diagnosis and screening. The aim of this study was to appraise decision models used for the economic evaluation of bladder cancer screening and diagnosis, and to summarise the main outcomes of these models. METHODS MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, EconLit and Web of Science databases was systematically searched from January 2006 to May 2022 for modelling studies that assessed the cost effectiveness of bladder cancer screening and diagnostic interventions. Articles were appraised according to Patient, Intervention, Comparator and Outcome (PICO) characteristics, modelling methods, model structures and data sources. The quality of the studies was also appraised using the Philips checklist by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Searches identified 3082 potentially relevant studies, which resulted in 18 articles that met our inclusion criteria. Four of these articles were on bladder cancer screening, and the remaining 14 were diagnostic or surveillance interventions. Two of the four screening models were individual-level simulations. All screening models (n = 4, with three on a high-risk population and one on a general population) concluded that screening is either cost saving or cost effective with cost-effectiveness ratios lower than $53,000/life-years saved. Disease prevalence was a strong determinant of cost effectiveness. Diagnostic models (n = 14) assessed multiple interventions; white light cystoscopy was the most common intervention and was considered cost effective in all studies (n = 4). Screening models relied largely on published evidence generalised from other countries and did not report the validation of their predictions to external data. Almost all diagnostic models (n = 13 out of 14) had a time horizon of 5 years or less and most of the models (n = 11) did not incorporate health-related utilities. In both screening and diagnostic models, epidemiological inputs were based on expert elicitation, assumptions or international evidence of uncertain generalisability. In modelling disease, seven models did not use a standard classification system to define cancer states, others used risk-based, numerical or a Tumour, Node, Metastasis classification. Despite including certain components of disease onset or progression, no models included a complete and coherent model of the natural history of bladder cancer (i.e. simulating the progression of asymptomatic primary bladder cancer from cancer onset, i.e. in the absence of treatment). CONCLUSIONS The variation in natural history model structures and the lack of data for model parameterisation suggest that research in bladder cancer early detection and screening is at an early stage of development. Appropriate characterisation and analysis of uncertainty in bladder cancer models should be considered a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Mandrik
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK.
| | - Anne I Hahn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - James W F Catto
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
- Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - Ann G Zauber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus Cumberbatch
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
- Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - James Chilcott
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
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Massari S, Malpassuti VC, Binazzi A, Paris L, Gariazzo C, Marinaccio A. Occupational Mortality Matrix: A Tool for Epidemiological Assessment of Work-Related Risk Based on Current Data Sources. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:5652. [PMID: 35565047 PMCID: PMC9104125 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mortality from occupational diseases significantly afflicts society, in terms of both economic costs and human suffering. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimated that 2.4 million workers die from work-related diseases every year. In Europe, around 80,000 workers die from cancer attributed to occupational exposure to carcinogens. This study developed the Occupational Mortality Matrix (OMM) aimed to identify significant associations between causes of death and occupational sectors through an individual record linkage between mortality data and the administrative archive of occupational histories. The study population consisted of 6,433,492 deceased subjects in Italy (in the period 2005-2015), of which 2,723,152 records of work histories were retrieved (42%). The proportional mortality ratio (PMR) was estimated to investigate the excess of mortality for specific causes associated with occupational sectors. Higher PMRs were reported for traditionally risky occupations such as shipbuilding for mesothelioma cases (PMR: 8.15; 95% CI: 7.28-9.13) and leather production for sino-nasal cancer (PMR: 5.04; 95% CI: 3.54-7.19), as well as for unexpected risks such as male breast cancer in the pharmaceutical industry (PMR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.33-4.93) and brain cancer in railways (PMR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.66). The OMM proved to be a valid tool for research studies to generate hypotheses about the occupational etiology of diseases, and to monitor and support priority actions for risk reduction in workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Massari
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Alessandra Binazzi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Lorena Paris
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Claudio Gariazzo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandro Marinaccio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
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Park J, Choi YD, Lee K, Seo M, Cho A, Lee S, Nam KH. Quality of life patterns and its association with predictors among non-muscle invasive bladder cancer survivors: A latent profile analysis. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2022; 9:100063. [PMID: 35665310 PMCID: PMC9157190 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study identified group patterns in the quality of life (QOL), as well as examining factors associated with group membership, among non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) survivors. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 278 participating NMIBC survivors. Mplus version 7.2 was used to perform the latent profile analysis of QOL using the EORTC QLQ-NMIBC-24. The participants’ social support, self-efficacy, knowledge level, depression, perceived severity of and susceptibility of cancer recurrence, and their demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between the subgroups, with a logistic regression analysis being adopted to examine the factors associated with the QOL subgroups. Results The NMIBC survivors based on the QOL were classified into two subgroups: “QOL-high” (81.3%) and “QOL-low” (18.7%). Having ≥ 3 disease recurrences, perceived susceptibility toward and severity of cancer recurrence, and having depressive symptoms were significantly associated with the “QOL-low” group. Conclusions Participants with frequent recurrences of NMIBC, higher perceived susceptibility and severity levels, and depressive symptoms had lower QOL. Therefore, it is necessary to develop intervention programs targeting participants with these characteristics to improve their QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongok Park
- College of Nursing and Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Faculty of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- College of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungjin Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea and College of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Kyungbok University, Namyangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Miae Seo
- College of Nursing and Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Research Assistant, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea and Division of Nursing, Registered Nurse, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahyoung Cho
- College of Nursing and Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Research Assistant, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejeong Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Graduate Student, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-hee Nam
- College of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author.
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Smith N, Luethcke KR, Craun K, Trepanier L. Risk of bladder cancer and lymphoma in dogs is associated with pollution indices by county of residence. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:246-255. [PMID: 34480391 PMCID: PMC9969847 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are considered environmental cancers in people, but less is known about environment risk for UCC and lymphoma in dogs. The objective of this study was to determine whether dogs with these cancers, compared to unaffected control dogs, live in counties with higher tap water contaminants or higher levels of air pollution as measured by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and by National Air Toxics Assessment chemical exposure risk estimates. Dogs with available home addresses from two previously published case-control populations were included: 66 dogs with UCC and 70 unaffected controls; and 56 boxer dogs with lymphoma and 84 unaffected boxer controls. Tap water total trihalomethanes, which are water disinfection by-products, were more than threefold higher in UCC case counties of residence compared to controls (p < .0001), and a higher proportion of dogs with UCC lived in counties exceeding EPA ozone limits (41.8%) compared to controls (13.6% p = .0008). More boxers with lymphoma lived in counties exceeding EPA ozone limits (52.1%) compared to controls (29.0%; p = .018), with higher exposure risk estimates for airborne 1,3-butadiene and formaldehyde (p = .004-.005). These data support the hypothesis that tap water contaminants and airborne environmental pollutants contribute to the risk of both urothelial carcinoma and lymphoma in dogs. If these findings reflect causal relationships, then it is possible that tap water filtration units and more effective air pollution controls could decrease the overall incidence of these cancers in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Smith
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kristofer Ross Luethcke
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Craun
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lauren Trepanier
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Zaitsu M, Takeuchi T, Zaitsu M, Tonooka A, Uekusa T, Miyake Y, Kobayashi Y, Kobashi G, Kawachi I. Occupational disparities in tumor grade and cytosolic HMGB1 expression in renal cell cancer. J Occup Health 2022; 64:e12340. [PMID: 35712799 PMCID: PMC9262322 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We sought to examine occupational disparities in tumor grade and cytosolic expression of high‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1) among renal cell cancer (RCC) patients. Methods This retrospective study included 318 RCC patients with complete information on occupation and pathology in Kanagawa Cancer Registry (KCR). Longest‐held occupations were grouped into manual workers (e.g., manufacturing, construction) versus “others.” Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for high‐grade histology were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for age and sex. We also examined a sub‐sample of 74 low‐grade RCC inpatients to estimate the OR for positive cytosolic HMGB1 expression in manual workers, adjusting for age, sex, and other available covariates. Results High‐grade tumors were more prevalent in manual workers compared to other occupations: 23.0% (14/61) versus 10.9% (28/257, p = .01) with an adjusted OR of 2.28 (95% CI, 1.11–4.69). In the sub‐sample of low‐grade RCCs, positive cytosolic HMGB1 expression was more prevalent in manual workers compared to other occupations: 71.4% (10/14) versus 38.3% (23/60, p = .03) with a sex‐ and age‐adjusted OR of 3.76 (95% CI, 1.03–13.7). Conclusions Manual workers are associated with increased risks of high‐grade renal cell tumors and cytosolic HMGB1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Zaitsu
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Urology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.,Center for Research of the Aging Workforce, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takumi Takeuchi
- Department of Urology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Zaitsu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Ⅰ, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akiko Tonooka
- Division of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Uekusa
- Department of Pathology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yudai Miyake
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasuki Kobayashi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Kobashi
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Huang G, Xie J, Li T, Zhang P. Worker health risk of heavy metals in pellets of recycled plastic: a skin exposure model. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:1581-9. [PMID: 34283290 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to epidemiological studies, heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead are "known" carcinogenic substances. After recycling, these metals remain in processed plastics. The purpose of this study was to assess the health risks of heavy metal skin exposure to workers in facilities that recycle plastics. METHODS We used inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to measure the dissolution concentrations of heavy metals in artificial sweat. Twenty-five samples of pellets of recycled plastic were examined, which were composed variously of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, high impact polystyrene, and polyamide. In addition, we used a "two-step assessment model," divided into exposure and risk characterization, to evaluate the health risks of heavy metal exposure in a simulated exposure environment of pellets of a recycled plastic processing workshop. RESULTS Except for chromium (92%), the detection of lead, cadmium and arsenic was 100% in 25 samples of pellets of recycled plastic. The possible carcinogenic risk levels of As and Cr were, respectively, 2 and 38 times greater than the unacceptable risk level of 10-4 proposed by the US EPA. In addition, arsenic had the highest noncarcinogenic risk of 1.381 × 10-6, which was in the potential risk range of 10-6-10-4 proposed by the US EPA. CONCLUSION We found clear exposure-risk associations between heavy metals (lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic) and worker health. Particularly, we found workers exposed to As and Cr were more likely to incur cancer.
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Catto JWF, Downing A, Mason S, Wright P, Absolom K, Bottomley S, Hounsome L, Hussain S, Varughese M, Raw C, Kelly P, Glaser AW. Quality of Life After Bladder Cancer: A Cross-sectional Survey of Patient-reported Outcomes. Eur Urol 2021; 79:621-632. [PMID: 33581875 PMCID: PMC8082273 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about health-related quality of life (HRQOL) following treatment for bladder cancer (BC). OBJECTIVE To determine this, we undertook a cross-sectional survey covering 10% of the English population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Participants 1-10 yr from diagnosis were identified through national cancer registration data. INTERVENTION A postal survey was administered containing generic HRQOL and BC-specific outcome measures. Findings were compared with those of the general population and other pelvic cancer patients. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Generic HRQOL was measured using five-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L) and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ)-C30. BC-specific outcomes were derived from EORTC QLQ-BLM30 and EORTC QLQ-NMIBC24. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS A total of 1796 surveys were completed (response rate 55%), including 868 (48%) patients with non-muscle-invasive BC, 893 (50%) patients who received radiotherapy or radical cystectomy, and 35 (1.9%) patients for whom treatment was unknown. Most (69%) of the participants reported at least one problem in any EQ-5D dimension. Age/sex-adjusted generic HRQOL outcomes were similar across all stages and treatment groups, whilst problems increased with age (problems in one or more EQ-5D dimensions: <65 yr [67% {95% confidence interval or CI: 61-74}] vs 85+ yr [84% {95% CI: 81-89}], p = 0.016) and long-term conditions (no conditions [53% {95% CI: 48-58}] vs more than four conditions [94% {95% CI: 90-97}], p < 0.001). Sexual problems were reported commonly in men, increasing with younger age and radical treatment. Younger participants (under 65 yr) reported more financial difficulties (mean score 20 [95% CI: 16-25]) than those aged 85+ yr (6.8 [4.5-9.2], p < 0.001). HRQOL for BC patients (for comparison, males with problems in one or more EQ-5D dimensions 69% [95% CI: 66-72]) was significantly worse than what has been found after colorectal and prostate cancers and in the general population (51% [95% CI: 48-53], all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS HRQOL following BC appears to be relatively independent of disease stage, treatment, and multimodal care. Issues are reported with sexual function and financial toxicity. HRQOL after BC is worse than that after other pelvic cancers. PATIENT SUMMARY Patients living with bladder cancer often have reduced quality of life, which may be worse than that for other common pelvic cancer patients. Age and other illnesses appear to be more important in determining this quality of life than the treatments received. Many men complain of sexual problems. Younger patients have financial worries.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W F Catto
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Urology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Amy Downing
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's and Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Samantha Mason
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's and Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Penny Wright
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's and Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Kate Absolom
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's and Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Bottomley
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Luke Hounsome
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, Bristol, UK
| | - Syed Hussain
- Academic Oncology Unit, Weston Park Hospital, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mohini Varughese
- Beacon Oncology Centre, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton and Somerset Foundation Trust, Somerset, UK
| | | | | | - Adam W Glaser
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's and Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
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13
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Catto JWF, Gordon K, Collinson M, Poad H, Twiddy M, Johnson M, Jain S, Chahal R, Simms M, Dooldeniya M, Bell R, Koenig P, Conroy S, Goodwin L, Noon AP, Croft J, Brown JM. Radical Cystectomy Against Intravesical BCG for High-Risk High-Grade Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Results From the Randomized Controlled BRAVO-Feasibility Study. J Clin Oncol 2020; 39:202-214. [PMID: 33332191 PMCID: PMC8078404 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (HRNMIBC) is a heterogeneous disease. Treatments include intravesical maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (mBCG) and radical cystectomy (RC). We wanted to understand whether a randomized trial comparing these options was possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W F Catto
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Gordon
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Collinson
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Poad
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Maureen Twiddy
- Institute of Clinical and Applied Health Research, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sunjay Jain
- St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rohit Chahal
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Matt Simms
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard Bell
- Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Samantha Conroy
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Goodwin
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Aidan P Noon
- Department of Urology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Croft
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Julia M Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute for Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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