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Abu-Zeid EED, Atias S, Netz U, Golani G, Avital I, Perry ZH. Gender Comparisons of Surgical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB): a Historical Cohort Study. Obes Surg 2024; 34:98-105. [PMID: 38010452 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06954-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE Clinical trials in the field of bariatrics have frequently been gender imbalanced, with males representing only 20% of examinees. Long-term gender-oriented results in one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), and specifically quality of life (QOL) parameters, have not been addressed sufficiently. A better understanding of gender's effect on OAGB outcomes can play an important role in selecting the appropriate bariatric surgery for patients. Our study was aimed at examining mid-term gender-associated outcome of OAGB, including the effect on QOL. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent OAGB at surgical ward A, SUMC, Israel, between 2015 and 2020. Demographics, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities were extracted from the national medical records system. Follow-up quality of life (QOL) and weight parameters were supplemented via telephone questionnaires, using the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS). RESULTS A total of 152 patients were included; of these, 51 (33.6%) were males, with an average follow-up period of 4.1 (± 1.3) years post-surgery. Basic demographics showed no significant pre- or post-surgery differences between males and females, except for pre-op weight (which as expected was higher for males). Males had a higher overall BAROS score than females (3.8 ± 2.1 vs. 2.6 ± 2.1, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS OAGB surgery results in better outcomes for male than for female patients as measured by the BAROS, despite a similar BMI reduction, and with no difference in complications. Gender-specific outcomes are one of the variables that one should be aware of in optimizing patient selection and pre-operative patient counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ez El Din Abu-Zeid
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Shahar Atias
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Uri Netz
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Guy Golani
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Itzhak Avital
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Norton Cancer Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Zvi H Perry
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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Sierżantowicz R, Ładny JR, Lewko J. Quality of Life after Bariatric Surgery-A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19159078. [PMID: 35897447 PMCID: PMC9330722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Background: Most studies analyzing the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after bariatric treatment ceased at five years post-surgery or even earlier, and it is unclear whether the HRQOL benefit persists for a longer time. This paper reviews sparse evidence regarding HRQOL in patients who underwent bariatric surgery at least nine years prior. Materials and Methods: A of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar between 2007–2021 was carried out for the studies investigating HRQOL as an outcome measure in patients after bariatric surgery of any type and having at least a 9-year follow-up. Inconsistent reporting of weight loss or postgraduate study results unrelated to QoL were not included in the study. The study used the PICO procedure. Results: The review of 18 identified publications demonstrated that bariatric treatment seems to provide a persistent benefit in terms of HRQOL, especially its physical component score. Due to psychological predispositions, some patients appear to be less likely to benefit from bariatric treatment, whether in terms of HRQOL or bodyweight reduction. Inconsistent and imprecise studies may limit the evidence included in a review. Conclusions: The early identification of such patients and providing them with holistic care, including psychological intervention, would likely further improve the outcomes of bariatric treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Sierżantowicz
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Jerzy Robert Ładny
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Lewko
- Department of Primary Health Care, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-054 Bialystok, Poland;
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Yılmaz
- Department of Surgery Nursing, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Meryem Yılmaz
- Department of Surgery Nursing, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Carandina S, Nedelcu A, Noel P, Zulian V, Danan M, Nedelcu M. Is the Morbidity Increased for Gastric Band Removal When the Band Is Placed Around the Esophagus? J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2019; 30:44-47. [PMID: 31094650 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2019.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) procedures declined worldwide in the recent years. In the majority of the national registers, the numbers of gastric band removal and revisions following LAGB have surpassed the implants. Still a good knowledge of different techniques is important for young bariatric surgeons to diminish the morbidity of revisional surgery. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2016, a total of 139 patients were retrospectively reviewed after undergoing a gastric band removal. The study included all consecutive patients who underwent a gastric band removal in this period of time with no exclusion criteria. Sixteen patients (18.8%) received the perigastric technique, 57 patients (67.1%) received the pars flaccid technique, 54 patients (38.8%) received bands with periesophageal technique, and for 12 patients (14.1%), the operative reports did not allow to identify the techniques used. In the present study, the operative times and the reported complications of the three main bands techniques were compared. Results: There were 124 women (89.2%) and 15 men (10.8%), with a median age of 44 years (range: 24-71). The overall mean preoperative body mass index was 34 ± 7.6 kg/m2 (range: 22-52 kg/m2), and the mean preoperative weight was 93.7 ± 24.9kg (range: 49-165 kg). One hundred and seventeen patients (84.2%) had procedures performed on an out-patient basis. The overall mean operative time was 23.9 ± 13.7 minutes (range: 7-83 minutes). We recorded three cases of bleeding with one conversion to laparotomy. The overall percentage of complications in the entire series was 6.5%. No mortality was recorded. Conclusions: Our study regarding the band removal revealed that no correlation was found for operative morbidity among the three different types of bands. The only proven difference was the operative time, which was greater for periesophageal approach. For the latter one, a particular attention should be paid to the risk of injury for diaphragmatic or left suprahepatic vein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marc Danan
- ELSAN, Clinique Saint Michel, Toulon, France
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Özden S, Saylam B, Avşar FM. Long-term results of the patients who were applied laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Turk J Surg 2018; 35:79-85. [PMID: 32550310 DOI: 10.5578/turkjsurg.4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The most effective treatment step in morbid obesity is surgical treatment. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the long-term follow-up results and success rates in laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Material and Methods The change in body mass index, percentage of excess weight loss, comorbidities, and resulting complications were investigated in 220 patients who were morbidly obese and applied laparoscopic adjustable gastric band between April 2006 and February 2012, throughout the 6-year follow-up period. Forty-six patients who did not show up for their routine follow-ups were excluded from the study. Results In the present study, band removal percentage was 35.63%. The percentage of excess weight loss in patients who were followed up without removal of the band was 46.03%. Complications were observed in 46.5% of the patients. The most frequently observed complication among the major complications was band intolerance, which is also the most common cause of band removal. Band removal was considered as a failure in laparoscopic adjustable gastric band operations, and patients were referred to other surgical methods. Conclusion When improved patient compliance and careful and close patient follow-up are provided in the early stages of laparoscopic adjustable gastric band application, it may be possible to reach percentage of excess weight loss results that would be the nearest to those achieved by gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy methods. However, high complication rates and necessity to perform other bariatric surgical procedures in the majority of the patients in the long-term follow-up suggest that the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band operation is not the first choice in bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabri Özden
- Clinic of Surgery, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Barış Saylam
- Clinic of Surgery, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Avşar
- Clinic of Surgery, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Giet L, Baker J, Favretti F, Segato G, Super P, Singhal R, Ashton D. Medium and long-term results of gastric banding: outcomes from a large private clinic in UK. BMC Obes 2018; 5:12. [PMID: 29686879 PMCID: PMC5897937 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-018-0189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) has been an established bariatric procedure for the last three decades and was, for many years, the first-choice procedure for the treatment of chronic obesity. However, more recently, the popularity of the LAGB has been in sharp decline and has been replaced by other procedures such as the Roux-En-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. A key driver in this decline has been the high revision and early explanation rates reported in some studies. Methods This was a retrospective study of 2246 patients who underwent LAGB at a large private clinic in the UK between June 2004 and October 2014. Results 2246 patients were included in the study; 1945 (84.6%) were women. All patients were followed up for 2 years following their procedure and subsequent follow up was at the discretion of patients. Mean follow up duration was 43.7 +/− 29.3 months. Operative mortality was zero and there were no in-hospital returns to theatre. Mean preoperative weight and body mass index (BMI) were 111.2 ± 22.1 kg and 39.9 ± 6.7 kg/m2 respectively. Mean excess % BMI loss at 1-, 2-, 5- and 8-years of follow-up was 43.1 ± 25.4, 47.9 ± 31.9, 52.4 ± 41.7 and 57.1% ± 28.6 respectively. There was no significant difference in mean excess % BMI loss between those < 50 or ≥ 50 years old (p value = 0.23) or between patients with an initial BMI of < or ≥ 50 kg/m2 (p value = 0.65). Complications over nine years occurred in 130 (5.8%) patients and included: 39 (1.7%) slippage or pouch dilatation, 2 (0.04%) erosions and 76 (3.4%) problems related to the access port or LAGB tubing. The overall re-operation rate for LAGB complications was 4.2% over 9 years with a LAGB explantation rate of 1.5%. 39 LAGBs were converted to a sleeve or gastric bypass procedure, 11 of these due to complications. Conclusion This is the first study to report on LAGB outcomes from a private clinic in the UK. LAGB is a safe procedure, which delivers significant and durable weight loss with acceptable complications rates and low re-operation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeying Giet
- 1Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Julia Baker
- Healthier Weight Centres, 11 Highfield Road, B15 3DU, Birmingham, UK
| | - Franco Favretti
- Healthier Weight Centres, 11 Highfield Road, B15 3DU, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gianni Segato
- Healthier Weight Centres, 11 Highfield Road, B15 3DU, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul Super
- 1Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Healthier Weight Centres, 11 Highfield Road, B15 3DU, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rishi Singhal
- 1Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Healthier Weight Centres, 11 Highfield Road, B15 3DU, Birmingham, UK
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Lewis M, Netz U, Mizrahi S, Avinoah E, Gal D, Perry ZH. Do Male Patients Benefit from Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding More than Female Patients? A Retrospective Cohort Study. Obes Surg 2017; 28:760-766. [PMID: 28861730 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials in the field of bariatrics, and specifically laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), have frequently been gender imbalanced, with males representing only 20% of examinees. Long-term gender-oriented results, and specifically quality of life (QOL) parameters, have not been addressed sufficiently. The aim of our study was to examine the long-term gender association with outcome of LAGB including the impact on QOL. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent LAGB between 2006 and 2014 by a single surgeon was conducted. Data were collected from the hospital registry and a telephone interview that included a standardized questionnaire. Outcomes including BMI reduction, evolution of comorbidities, complications, reoperations, and QOL were compared according to the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS). RESULTS Included were 114 males and 127 females, with a mean age of 38.2 years at surgery, and an average post-surgery follow-up of 6.5 years. Similar BMI reduction (p = 0.68) and perioperative complication rates (p = 0.99) were observed. Males had a greater improvement in comorbidities (p < 0.001), less band slippage (p = 0.006), underwent fewer reoperations (p = 0.02), and reported higher QOL scores (p = 0.02) than females. The total BAROS score was significantly higher for males than females (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS LAGB surgery results in better outcomes for male than female patients as measured by the BAROS, despite a similar BMI reduction. Gender-specific outcomes should be taken into consideration in optimizing patient selection and preoperative patient counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maor Lewis
- Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Uri Netz
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, PO Box 151, 64101, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Solly Mizrahi
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, PO Box 151, 64101, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eliezer Avinoah
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, PO Box 151, 64101, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Doron Gal
- Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Zvi H Perry
- Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center, PO Box 151, 64101, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Abdelbaki TN, Abdelsalam WN, ElKayal S. Management modalities in slipped gastric band. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 12:714-6. [PMID: 26778237 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric band slippage is one of the possible complications of the laparoscopic gastric band (LGB). Band slippage can present as an emergency and have drastic consequences. We herein report the different treatment modalities of slipped gastric band. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study of all patients presenting with slipped gastric band between May 2013 and January 2015 at our University hospital is described. All patients were evaluated at the time of presentation by radiological studies and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. On diagnosis, all bands were deflated in an attempt to relieve symptoms. After patient counseling and band position evaluation, patients were consented for either removal or repositioning of the band. RESULTS This study included 100 patients. Gastric band slippage rate was 8%. All patients presented with signs of gastric obstruction and expressed a long history of intermittent vomiting attacks. All patients were subjected to a complete gastric band deflation on presentation. Band deflation successfully relieved symptoms and reversed band slippage in 2 patients. However, both patients returned with band reslippage within the same month. The other 6 patients had persistent band slippage despite complete band deflation. Three of the 8 patients had a successful band repositioning, and the rest had their gastric bands removed. CONCLUSION Gastric band slippage can be a serious LGB complication. Repeated vomiting can be a significant risk factor for band slippage. Moreover, band repositioning can be a well-tolerated and feasible option in the management of slipped gastric band.
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Navez J, Dardamanis D, Thissen JP, Navez B. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity: comparison of primary versus revisional bypass by using the BAROS score. Obes Surg 2015; 25:812-7. [PMID: 25366292 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-014-1473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vertically banded gastroplasty or adjustable gastric banding often result in weight regain, complications, or side effects. Failed restrictive bariatric procedures can be converted in revisional laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). This study aimed to compare weight loss, evolution of comorbidities, and quality of life (QOL) between primary versus revisional LRYGB. METHODS Between 2004 and 2012, 374 patients underwent LRYGB as primary or revisional surgery performed by a single surgeon. Patient data were retrospectively reviewed; questionnaires of QOL were sent to all patients. Outcomes were evaluated according to Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS) taking into account excess body mass index loss (EBMIL), correction of comorbidities, improvement in QOL, and complications. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-two patients (62%) responded to the questionnaire, 163 patients in the primary group and 69 in the revisional group. Median follow-up was 36 months (12-108). Median percentages of EBMIL were, respectively, 74% (26.8-126.8) and 50% (-31.6-124.2) in the primary and the revisional groups (p < 0.01). Median BAROS score reached 6.5 (-2-9) in the primary group, against 4.3 (-1.8-9) in the revisional group (p < 0.01). There were significantly less "fair" and more "excellent" scores in the primary group, considering initial BMI before gastroplasty. Arterial hypertension and sleep apnea syndrome resolved, respectively, in 51 and 56% in the primary group and only in 29 and 33% in the revisional group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS According to BAROS score, revisional LRYGB for failed restrictive procedures provided poorer results than primary LRYGB in terms of weight loss, resolution of comorbidities and QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Navez
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium,
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10
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is increasingly being carried out and revisional procedures have also risen in concert. A review of the complications and revisions might elucidate technical and patient factors that influence the outcomes of bariatric surgeries in Asian patients. The objective of this study is to review the safety and efficacy of revisional bariatric surgery in a single center in Singapore over a 10-year period. METHODS The setting of this study is a single public hospital with a multidisciplinary bariatric service including a weight management center, specialized endocrinology services, and bariatric surgical team. Participants were selected for surgery based on body mass index (BMI) and comorbidities. All patients underwent primary laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). Patients were then analyzed according to the types of revisional surgeries. The primary outcome was the type of complications and revisional surgeries. Secondary outcomes include short-term excess weight loss and further complications. RESULTS A total of 365 patients were analyzed. 9.6% had a secondary procedure. In particular, two groups of complications required revisional surgery: failure of sustained weight loss and complications related to the LAGB insertion and use. Revisional surgeries had equivalent major complication rates (5.7%) compared to primary bariatric surgeries (6.8%). Revisional surgeries such as revisional LAGB (4.9 ± 9.8 kg), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG; 6.9 ± 21.0 kg), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB; 4.6 ± 13.0 kg), and bilio-pancreatic diversion (BPD; 3.5 ± 6.3 kg) had modest weight loss compared to primary weight loss (12.7 ± 9.5 kg). Primary LAGB had a greater percentage excess weight loss in the first and second years post-surgery compared to revisional surgeries. There was one mortality post-primary surgery and no post-revisional surgical mortalities. CONCLUSIONS Revisional bariatric surgery for complications related to the primary surgery is safe but had reduced excess weight loss compared to the initial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee Yuan Ngiam
- Division of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 8, 119228, Singapore City, Singapore.
| | - Valerie Yu Hui Khoo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Lucy Kong
- Department of Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, 768828, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Anton Kui Sing Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, 768828, Singapore City, Singapore
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There are growing numbers of patients who require revisional bariatric surgery due to the undesirable results of their primary procedures. The aim of this study was to review our experience with bariatric patients undergoing revisional surgery. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis to review the indications for revisional bariatric procedures and assess their postoperative outcomes. RESULTS From 04/04 to 01/11, 2,918 patients underwent bariatric surgery at our institution. A total of 154 patients (5.3%) of these cases were coded as revisional procedures. The mean age at revision was 49.1 ± 11.3 and the mean BMI was 44.0 ± 13.7 kg/m2. Revisional surgery was performed laparoscopically in 121 patients (78.6%). Laparoscopic revisions had less blood loss, shorter length of hospital stay, and fewer complications compared to open revisions. Two groups (A and B) were defined by the indication for revision: patients with unsuccessful weight loss (group A, n = 106) and patients with complications of their primary procedures (group B, n = 48). In group A, 74.5% of the patients were revised to a bypass procedure and 25.5% to a restrictive procedure. Mean excess weight loss was 53.7 ± 29.3% after revision of primary restrictive procedures and 37.6 ± 35.1% after revision of bypass procedures at >1-year follow-up (p < 0.05). In group B, the complications prompting revision were effectively treated by revisional surgery. CONCLUSIONS Revisional bariatric surgery effectively treated the undesirable results from primary bariatric surgery. Laparoscopic revisional surgery can be performed after both failed open and laparoscopic bariatric procedures without a prohibitive complication rate. Carefully selected patients undergoing revision for weight regain have satisfactory additional weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideharu Shimizu
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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Aarts EO, Dogan K, Koehestanie P, Aufenacker TJ, Janssen IM, Berends FJ. Long-term results after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: a mean fourteen year follow-up study. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2014;10:633-640. [PMID: 25066440 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2010] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For over a decade, the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) was 1 of the most performed bariatric procedures in Europe. This study is a retrospective analysis with prospectively collected data of the experience in 1 specialized Dutch center with the adjustable gastric band over 14 years. METHODS Between 1995 and 2003, 201 patients underwent an LAGB for morbid obesity in our hospital. Data on preoperative clinical characteristic, postoperative outcome and weight loss patterns, and co-morbidities for up to 18 years are presented and evaluated using the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS). RESULTS Average follow-up was 13.6 (± 2.0) years (163 mo) and 99% of patients with complete follow-up. Two thirds of patients reached an excess weight loss (EWL)>50% at some point after LAGB placement. However, due to insufficient weight loss or complications in 53% of patients, the LAGB had to be removed or converted to a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Additionally, half of the remaining patients had disappointing results according to the BAROS score. In total, less than one quarter (22%) of patients had a functioning band with a good result after the follow-up period. Although initially the number of patients experiencing co-morbidities was reduced, most of them returned and a large number of patients developed new co-morbidities. Complications, other than weight regain, were numerous as 47% of patients experienced at least 1. In total, 204 reoperations were performed in 137 (68%) patients. Furthermore, patients who were lost to follow-up did almost twice as bad in terms of EWL compared to patients who had regular follow-up. CONCLUSION Morbid obesity is a chronic disease that can be resolved with bariatric surgery. One of the treatment options is the LAGB, which in the short term shows good results in terms of EWL and co-morbidity reduction. In the long term, however, EWL and co-morbidity reduction are disappointing, and the LAGB does not seem to live up to expectations. Besides the decrease in EWL over time, the number of reoperations required is alarming. In total, less than a quarter of patients still had a functioning band after a mean 14 years of follow-up.
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13
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Brown JJS, Boyle M, Mahawar K, Balupuri S, Small PK. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band survival in a high-volume bariatric unit. Br J Surg 2013; 100:1614-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although laparoscopic adjustable gastric bands (LAGBs) have been shown to be efficacious, their long-term usefulness has been questioned. This study examined the fate of LAGBs in a unit with over a decade of experience in their use. Patient factors related to the need for, and timing of, band removal were investigated.
Methods
A prospectively maintained database was used to identify all patients with a LAGB. Patient demographics, need for band removal and band survival were examined. Logistic regression modelling was done and Kaplan–Meier curves were calculated for band survival.
Results
Between 2000 and 2012, 674 bands were placed in 665 patients. Of these, 143 (21·2 per cent) were removed. There was no difference in rates of removal by sex (P = 0·910). The highest rates of removal were in patients aged less than 40 years (26·7 per cent), and those with a BMI greater than 60 kg/m2 (28·6 per cent). Earlier band removal was seen in younger patients (P = 0·002). Rates of removal increased linearly by earlier year of placement. Of bands placed 4 or more years previously, 35·0 per cent required removal. Eighty-three patients (58·0 per cent) who had a LAGB removed went on to have a further bariatric procedure (band to bypass, 66; band to sleeve, 17).
Conclusion
Even in experienced hands LAGB does not appear to be a definitive solution. In a large number of patients there appears to be a finite ‘band life’, with the majority of patients requiring conversion to a further bariatric procedure.
Presented in part to a meeting of the British Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society, Glasgow, UK, January 2013, as an oral presentation for which it was awarded the council prize; published in abstract form as Br J Surg 2013; 100(Suppl 3): 2
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Affiliation(s)
- J J S Brown
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Sunderland Hospital, Sunderland, UK
| | - M Boyle
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Sunderland Hospital, Sunderland, UK
| | - K Mahawar
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Sunderland Hospital, Sunderland, UK
| | - S Balupuri
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Sunderland Hospital, Sunderland, UK
| | - P K Small
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, Sunderland Hospital, Sunderland, UK
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Victorzon M, Tolonen P. Mean fourteen-year, 100% follow-up of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for morbid obesity. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2013; 9:753-7. [PMID: 24079901 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies of short-term to mid-term outcomes after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) have been published, but reliable long-term outcome reports with a minimum follow up ≥ 10 years in a sufficient number of included patients are still scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term results after LAGB. METHODS Sixty consecutive patients (44 women, 16 men) were treated for morbid obesity by LAGB between 1996 and 1999. Median age of the patients at the time of operation was 45 years (range 21-64). Median preoperative body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) was 45 (range 35-55). All patients were asked to adhere to a strict follow-up program. Patients' BMI and percentage excess weight loss (%EWL) were calculated in the hospital's database for bariatric patients, and excess weight was taken as the weight in kilograms above the weight at BMI of 25 kg/m(2). RESULTS Complete data on all 60 patients could be assessed; thus, the overall rate of follow-up was 100%. After a median (range) follow-up of 14.1 years (13.2-16.8 years), the mean BMI (SD) dropped from 45 (5) to 36 (6) kg/m(2), with a mean (SD) EWL of 49% (29). At 15 years of follow-up, 29 (48%) bands have been removed, and 38 (63%) reoperations have been performed in 29 (48%) patients. Almost 70% received further treatment for their morbid obesity after band removal. Of those patients with the band still in place at 14 years, 40% had more than 50% EWL and 20% had less than 25% EWL. There was no mortality related to the primary or revisional operations, but 2 patients died of unrelated causes. CONCLUSIONS Mean %EWL after LAGB after more than 14 years was fairly good-49%. However, a reoperation rate of more than 60% in 48% of the patients and a band removal rate of almost 50% may indicate that LAGB cannot be recommended as a primary procedure to the general morbidly obese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Victorzon
- Department of Abdominal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa Hospital District, Finland; University of Turku, Vaasa Central Hospital, Turku, Finland.
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Sziklavari Z, Szöke T, Hofmann HS. Thoracic surgery interventions in patients with chronic bronchial aspiration after laparoscopic gastric banding. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2013; 9:e43-5. [PMID: 23352556 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Sziklavari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Barmherzige Brüder Regensburg, Prüfeningerstraße 86, 93049 Regensburg, Germany.
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Hashemzadeh M, Karamirad M, Zahedi-shoolami L. Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding Connecting Tube Causing Small Bowel Obstruction and Perforation. Case Rep Surg 2013; 2013:1-3. [PMID: 24368962 PMCID: PMC3867925 DOI: 10.1155/2013/296037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is an effective method of reducing excess weight in obese patients. We report a patient who developed a bowel obstruction caused by the connecting tube between the gastric band and the injection port. Case Presentation. The patient was a 42-year-old Caucasian female who had undergone LAGB 19 months earlier. She presented with dehydration, low-grade fever, tachycardia, and mild abdominal tenderness. Laparotomy revealed that the connecting tube was looped around the mesentery, and a loop of small bowel was incarcerated between the tube and the mesentery. The incarcerated small bowel loop was perforated in two places. Conclusion. Surgeons should be aware of the possibility of obstruction caused by the connecting tube in patients who have undergone LAGB.
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Avriel A, Warner E, Avinoach E, Avnon LS, Shteinberg M, Shteinberg D, Heimer D, Yona S, Maimon N. Major respiratory adverse events after laparascopic gastric banding surgery for morbid obesity. Respir Med 2012; 106:1192-8. [PMID: 22673900 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding surgery has become one of the most common restrictive surgical procedures for treatment of morbid obesity worldwide. Although short-term respiratory complications are well known, long-term data is scarce. We investigated the manifestations of major pulmonary complications showed at least six months after the procedure. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary university medical center in the five years period of 2006-2010. We included every patient who had had major respiratory complication who needed hospitalization, at least 6 months after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding procedure. Demographic, pre-operative and post-operative clinical data were collected. We documented respiratory symptoms, results of physical examination, pulmonary function tests, and imaging as well as therapies given and outcome. RESULTS Out of 2100 patients who underwent LAGB, thirty subjects, mean age of 45.7 (range 29-64) with an equal number of males and females were included. Mean interval between operation and onset of respiratory symptoms was 51.5 months (range 10-150 months). All had dyspeptic complaints which included: regurgitation, fullness after meals, dysphagia and food aspiration with esophageal dilatation. Major respiratory complications included aspiration pneumonia (19) including pulmonary abscess (4) and empyema (2), exacerbation of asthma (3) and hemoptysis (1). Additionally we documented the emergence of chronic diseases such as interstitial lung disease (5) and bronchiectasis (3). One patient developed acute respiratory distress syndrome due to aspiration pneumonia and eventually died in the intensive care unit. The main mode of therapy was deflation of the gastric band. Those who refused to deflate or remove the gastric banding continued to suffer from dyspeptic and respiratory symptoms including recurrent pulmonary abscess. CONCLUSION Although laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding surgery has few short-term risks and is highly effective at achieving weight reduction, we found an increased risk for major respiratory complications in the long-term period. The obesity epidemic and the increased use of surgical techniques to treat obesity will most likely lead to an increase in the incidence of long-term post-operative respiratory complications. This entity is probably under-reported and needs further research into how to reduce its incidence and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Avriel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonology Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84000, Israel
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Livhits M, Mercado C, Yermilov I, Parikh JA, Dutson E, Mehran A, Ko CY, Gibbons MM. Preoperative predictors of weight loss following bariatric surgery: systematic review. Obes Surg. 2012;22:70-89. [PMID: 21833817 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-011-0472-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity affects 32% of adults in the USA. Surgery generates substantial weight loss, but 20-30% fails to achieve successful weight loss. Our objective was to identify preoperative psychosocial factors associated with weight loss following bariatric surgery. METHODS We performed a literature search of PubMed® and the Cochrane Database of Reviews of Effectiveness between 1988 and April 2010. Articles were screened for bariatric surgery and weight loss if they included a preoperative predictor of weight loss: body mass index (BMI), preoperative weight loss, eating disorders, or psychiatric disorder/substance abuse. One thousand seven titles were reviewed, 534 articles screened, and 115 included in the review. RESULTS Factors that may be positively associated with weight loss after surgery include mandatory preoperative weight loss (7 of 14 studies with positive association). Factors that may be negatively associated with weight loss include preoperative BMI (37 out of 62 studies with negative association), super-obesity (24 out of 33 studies), and personality disorders (7 out of 14 studies). Meta-analysis revealed a decrease of 10.1% excess weight loss (EWL) for super-obese patients (95% confidence interval (CI) [3.7-16.5%]), though there was significant heterogeneity in the meta-analysis, and an increase of 5.9% EWL for patients with binge eating at 12 months after surgery (95% CI [1.9-9.8%]). CONCLUSIONS Further studies are necessary to investigate whether preoperative factors can predict a clinically meaningful difference in weight loss after bariatric surgery. The identification of predictive factors may improve patient selection and help develop interventions targeting specific needs of patients.
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Hady HR, Dadan J, Sołdatow M, Ladny RJ, Gołaszewski P, Wróblewski E, Dąbrowski A. Complications after laparoscopic gastric banding in own material. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2012; 7:166-74. [PMID: 23256021 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2011.27605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Complications after bariatric procedures are the most difficult to diagnose among all complications in abdominal surgery. Furthermore, they are extremely difficult to treat conservatively and surgically. Laparoscopic treatment of complications after bariatric procedures requires great skills. Complications after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) are remarkably diverse. AIM Presentation of complications after LAGB in our own material. MATERIAL AND METHODS From 2005 to 2010, in the 1(st) Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, in 110 patients adjustable gastric banding was applied. All procedures were conducted laparoscopically. The group consisted of 76 women (69.1%) and 34 men (30.9%). The average age of women was 37.7 ±13.80 years old. The average age of men was 38.9 ±11.50 years old. The average body mass was 128.5 ±24.35 kg for women and 125.4 ±23.60 kg for men. The average body mass index (BMI) for women was 44.08 ±3.03 kg/m(2) and for men 43.66 ±2.90 kg/m(2). The average waist circumference was 113.5 ±12.75 cm in women and for men it was 124.40 ±14.8 cm. RESULTS In the analysed material, which consisted of 110 patients after LAGB, 36% developed at least 1 complication. Among early complications, injury of diaphragm, pneumothorax, pleural empyema, gastric perforation and thrombophlebitis were observed. Among late complications, oesophagitis, infections around the port, migration of the gastric band into the gastric lumen, band slippage, vomiting and lack of body mass loss were observed. The most common reasons for the removal of the band were band slippage, its migration to the gastric lumen and extension of the gastric reservoir. CONCLUSIONS The LAGB is a relatively easy procedure with a short time of performance and short hospitalization. However, it can bring the risk of intraoperative, perioperative and late complications which require surgical intervention. The present research results are comparable to world data. Complications after LAGB were observed the most frequently in the first years of application of the procedure.
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Abstract
With the increase in bariatric surgical procedures, an increase in revision operations is expected. A thorough preoperative work-up is essential to formulate an appropriate revision strategy. Outcomes vary according to the primary operation and chosen approach to revision. Recent studies have shown acceptably low complication rates and good weight loss with the associated health benefits. Although there is no direct evidence in the form of randomized studies indicating which patients with inadequate weight loss or weight regain will benefit most from revision, or to support one particular revision approach rather than another, it is possible to develop general, effective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Andrew Kellogg
- Division of Bariatric and Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street Southeast, MMC 290, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Oria HE. How to use the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2012; 8:130-1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2011.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Avsar FM, Sakcak I, Yildiz BD, Cosgun E, Hamamci EO. Is gastro-gastric fixation suture necessary in laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding? A prospective randomized study. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2011; 21:953-6. [PMID: 22011274 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2011.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reason for gastro-gastric suture (GGS) in laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is to prevent migration, slippage, and pouch dilatation. Despite various suturing techniques, these complications are still quite common. In our study, we prospectively randomized patients for GGS and analyzed outcome. METHODS Between September 2006 and February 2008, eighty patients were randomized before LAGB procedure with pars flaccida technique. Forty patients had GGS for band fixation (Group 1), and 40 patients did not (Group 2). Groups were compared for length of surgery (LOS), length of hospital stay (LOHS), early and late complications, and percent of excess weight loss (%EWL). Mann-Whitney U test was used to define statistical differences between groups. P<.05 was accepted as significant. RESULTS Mean body mass index (BMI) of groups 1 and 2 were 43.3±4.9 and 42.2±4.3 kg/m(2), respectively. Mean LOHS was 29.2±9.3 and 25.2±10.5 hours in groups 1 and 2, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 in comparison of %EWL (P=.344 and P=.132, respectively). There was a significant difference in LOS between groups, and it was shorter in group 2 (P<.05). In terms of complications, slippage rate was higher, migration and port complications were lower in group 2 although not statistically significant (P>.05). Pouch dilatation rate was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS LOS is shorter without GGS. There is no difference in rates of slippage, migration, pouch dilatation complications, and %EWL between either approach. In light of our findings, we think that routine use of GGSs should be revisited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Mehmet Avsar
- Department of General Surgery, Numune Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Matlach J, Adolf D, Benedix F, Wolff S. Small-diameter bands lead to high complication rates in patients after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Obes Surg 2011; 21:448-56. [PMID: 20924712 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-010-0294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While weight loss is the primary goal of bariatric procedures, the impact of quality of life (QoL), comorbidity, and surgery-related complications continue to grow. We report on our results of patients up to 12 years of follow-up undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). METHODS Preoperative data of 153 patients treated with LAGB were collected retrospectively. Questionnaires were sent to patients to analyze weight loss, complications, and comorbidities. QoL was assessed using the Bariatric Qualit-of-Life (BQL) questionnaire. RESULTS Of the patients, 83.7% completed the questionnaire. Median follow-up was 8.7 years. Patients were divided into the following groups: Group A (band still in place), group B (band removed), and group C (revision surgery). A significant increase of excess BMI loss (EBL) was found in group A (p<0.0001): EBL was 36.1%, 42.8%, 41.8%, and 37.1% after 1, 3, 5, and 8 years, respectively. Group B showed a significant weight regain after band removal (p=0.007). One hundred ten reoperations were necessary in 67 patients (52.3%): slippage or pouch dilatation in 25.8%, band migration in 3.9%, band intolerance in 6.2%, and 62 revisions due to port complications. According to BQL, a higher EBL correlated with a significantly better assessment of QoL (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS LAGB resulted in improvement of comorbidities and QoL in banded patients even though not all of them achieved the expected EBL. However, the high complication rate could influence patients' outcome.
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Mar N, Graham RE. Lung abscess, esophageal dilation, and bulimia--six degrees of separation from adjustable gastric banding. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2011; 8:e11-3. [PMID: 21388890 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Mar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
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Eid I, Birch DW, Sharma AM, Sherman V, Karmali S. Complications associated with adjustable gastric banding for morbid obesity: a surgeon's guides. Can J Surg 2011; 54:61-6. [PMID: 21251434 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.015709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is considered to be a safe and effective method of weight loss and reduction of comorbidities associated with obesity. Despite its improved early safety profile compared with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, patients with LAGB can manifest unique complications that must be recognized and managed appropriately to achieve good outcomes. This review will prepare the general surgeon to identify, diagnose and manage the common complications encountered in patients presenting following LAGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyad Eid
- The Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, 10240 Kingsway Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta
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Abstract
Bariatric surgery has become more common due to the worldwide obesity epidemic. A shift from open to laparoscopic surgery has occurred in the last 2 decades, because of its advantages. Revisional surgery after bariatric procedures is becoming an important issue, and restrictive procedures account for a large proportion of these interventions. Three restrictive procedures are currently in use: laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and vertical banded gastroplasty. The first two procedures are more commonly used, and the third is losing favor with surgeons. All three have proven effective, but less than malabsortive or combined procedures. The reasons to reoperate upon a patient and convert a previous bariatric procedure to a different one are failure of the operation, due to insufficient weight loss, or weight regain (secondary obesity); or complications like penetration, infection, bleeding, obstruction, dysphagia, and gastroesophageal reflux, among others. This review will describe the complications or failures leading to the a second operation; the conditions present after the first procedure and the presence of failure or complications; the technical steps required to be taken; and the outcomes and what can be expected afterwards.
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Stroh C, Hohmann U, Schramm H, Meyer F, Manger T. Fourteen-year long-term results after gastric banding. J Obes 2011; 2011:128451. [PMID: 21234392 PMCID: PMC3017910 DOI: 10.1155/2011/128451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Gastric banding (GB) is a common bariatric procedure that is performed worldwide. Weight loss can be substantial after this procedure, but it is not sufficient in a significant portion of patients. Long-term rates for associated complications increase with every year of follow up, and only a few long-term studies have been published that examine these rates. We present our results after 14 years of postoperative follow up. Methods. Two hundred patients were operated upon form 01.02.1995 to 31.01.2009. Data collection was performed prospectively. In retrospective analysis, we analyzed weight loss, short- and long-term complications, amelioration of comorbidities and long-term outcome. Results. The mean postoperative follow up time was 94.4 months (range 2-144). The follow up rate was 83.5%. The incidence of postoperative complications for slippage was 2.5%, for pouch dilatation was 9.5%, for band migration was 5.5% and 12.0% for overall band removal. After 14 years, the reoperation rate was 30.5% with a reoperation rate of 2.2% for every year of follow up. Excess weight loss was 40.2% after 1 year, 46.3% after 2 years, 45.9% after 3 years, 41.9% after five years, 33.3% after 8 years, 30.8% after 10 years, 33.3% after 12 years and 15.6% after 14 years of follow up. Conclusion. The complication and reoperation rate after GB is high. Nevertheless, GB is still a therapeutic option in morbid obese patients, but the criteria for patient selection should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Stroh
- Department of General, Abdominal and Pediatric Surgery, Municipal Hospital, Straße des Friedens 122, 07548 Gera, Germany
- *Christine Stroh:
| | - Ulrich Hohmann
- Department of General, Abdominal and Pediatric Surgery, Municipal Hospital, Straße des Friedens 122, 07548 Gera, Germany
| | - Harald Schramm
- Department of General, Abdominal and Pediatric Surgery, Municipal Hospital, Straße des Friedens 122, 07548 Gera, Germany
| | - Frank Meyer
- Otto-von-Guericke University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Manger
- Department of General, Abdominal and Pediatric Surgery, Municipal Hospital, Straße des Friedens 122, 07548 Gera, Germany
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Fried M, Dolezalova K, Sramkova P. Adjustable gastric banding outcomes with and without gastrogastric imbrication sutures: a randomized controlled trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2011; 7:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2010.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Egan RJ, Monkhouse SJW, Meredith HE, Bates SE, Morgan JDT, Norton SA. The Reporting of Gastric Band Slip and Related Complications; A Review of the Literature. Obes Surg 2010; 21:1280-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-010-0344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is well-recognized as a superior method to achieving durable weight loss in the medium term when compared with non-surgical methods of weight loss. In this paper, we described the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients presenting with band or band-adjustment reservoir sepsis from our series from a single institution. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of prospectively collected clinical, anthropometric and biochemical data from patients who underwent LAGB placement over a five-year period at a metropolitan teaching hospital. Those patients requiring surgical intervention for prosthesis-related sepsis were included in the review. RESULTS Of the 445 patients in this series, 10 (2.2%) developed prosthesis sepsis and required operative intervention. Three (0.7%) presented with reservoir sepsis requiring removal of the reservoir. One had band erosion identified and the entire prosthesis removed. In seven (1.5%) of the patients, infections occurred at the gastric band. Two patients presented with purulent peritonitis and underwent immediate band removal. The remainder presented with band abscesses and either had their band removed (three patients) or left in position and the sepsis treated with drainage and antibiotics (two patients). CONCLUSIONS In our current series, a small proportion of LAGB patients developed prosthesis-related infection that typically required port or band removal and usually occurred early in the post-operative course. We have modified our prophylactic antibiotic regime and surgical technique as a result of this review. In selected cases of band infection, bands were salvaged with subsequent acceptable weight loss, suggesting that LAGB salvage in the presence of sepsis may be achievable in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Facek
- Department of Upper Gastrointenstinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, NSW, Australia
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Scozzari G, Toppino M, Famiglietti F, Bonnet G, Morino M. 10-year follow-up of laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty: good results in selected patients. Ann Surg 2010; 252:831-9. [PMID: 21037439 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181fd35b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term results of laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) for morbid obesity. BACKGROUND Laparoscopic VBG, a safe and straightforward bariatric procedure characterized by good short-term results, has been progressively replaced by other more complex procedures on the basis of a presumed high rate of long-term failure. Nevertheless, some authors have recently reported long-term efficacy in selected patients. METHODS All patients who underwent laparoscopic VBG were included in a prospective database. Patients reaching 10-year follow-up received a complete evaluation including clinical, endoscopic, and biochemical examinations. RESULTS Between January 1996 and March 1999, 266 morbidly obese patients underwent bariatric procedures. Among them, 213 were selected for laparoscopic VBG; exclusion criteria were as follows: contraindications to pneumoperitoneum, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and psychological contraindications to restrictive procedures. Mean age, preoperative weight, and body mass index were 36.9 years, 123.6 kg, and 45.4 kg/m, respectively. Intraoperative complication rate and conversion rate were 0.9% and 0.9%, respectively. Early postoperative complication rate was 4.2% and early reoperation rate was 0.5%. Mean hospital length of stay was 6.3 days. Mortality was nil. The 10-year follow-up rate was 70.4% (150 patients). Late postoperative complication rate was 14.7%, and 10-year revisional surgery rate was 10.0%. The excess weight loss percentages at 3, 5, and 10 years were 65.0%, 59.9%, and 59.8%, respectively. The resolution and/or improvement rate for comorbidity were 47.5% for hypertension, 55.6% for diabetes, 75% for sleep apnea, and 47.4% for arthritis. Mean Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire and BAROS values were 1.4 and 3.8, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that laparoscopic VBG in carefully selected patients leads to long-term results comparable with more complex and invasive procedures. Given the low postoperative morbidity for laparoscopic VBG, its present clinical role should be, in our opinion, reevaluated.
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Abstract
Laparoscopic adjustable silicone banding (LAP-BAND) has rapidly gained acceptance and is now considered the most common bariatric operation. The accumulated experience with LAP-BAND has established this surgical method as safe and effective. However, no data have been issued concerning pulmonary complications following the procedure. We have recently experienced 3 cases of pulmonary complications following LAP-BAND surgery: 1 patient with pulmonary cavitation and 2 with bronchiectasis. Pulmonary physicians should be aware of the possibility of long-term pulmonary complications in patients who have undergone LAP-BAND surgery.
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Abstract
This study was performed to assess our long-term results with laparoscopic gastric banding in patients with an observation period of at least 9 years calculated from the date of operation. Between January 1996 and December 2000, a total of 276 patients (83% female) underwent laparoscopic gastric banding at our institution. Mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) was 44 +/- 6 kg/m(2). BMI after 1, 5, 7, 9, and 10 years was 33 +/- 6, 30 +/- 6, 31 +/- 6, 32 +/- 7, and 31 +/- 7 kg/m(2), respectively. Mean excess weight loss after 1 year was 57.1 +/- 23.0% and after 5, 7, 9, and 10 years 73.2 +/- 29.6%, 65.9 +/- 29.3%, 61.8 +/- 32.8%, and 64.0 +/- 32.1%, respectively. Median completeness of follow-up was 80%. Of the study population, 146 (52.9%) patients had at least one complication requiring reoperation. Presently, only 148 (53.6%) patients still have their original band, 49 (17.8%) had their original band replaced with a new one, and 79 (28.6%) had their band removed. Thirty-three patients had no second bariatric operation, a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was done in 39 patients, and six patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy. Our long-term results are good with regard to weight loss in those patients who still have their band in situ. This is accompanied by a high complication rate and a 29% band loss rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lanthaler
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation and Thoracic Surgery, Centre for Operative Medicine, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Abstract
AIM To identify the outcome of laparoscopic revision of gastric band surgery with respect to percentage of excess weight lost (%EWL). METHODS Analysis of a prospective database was then performed and %EWL was plotted with respect to time from initial procedure and also time from revision procedure. RESULTS All revision operations were performed laparoscopically. There were no patient deaths, but two serious complications. Percentage excess weight loss after replacement of the band because of prosthetic failure or dysphagia was 57% at an average follow-up of 19 months. For repositioning of the band due to slippage, the %EWL was 72% at an average of 15 months follow-up for those who had the existing band repositioned, and 42% at an average of 23 months follow-up for those who had a new band repositioned. CONCLUSION Revision laparoscopic gastric band surgery is a safe option for patients, and results in good %EWL at an average follow-up period of 19 months.
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Boza C, Gamboa C, Perez G, Crovari F, Escalona A, Pimentel F, Raddatz A, Guzman S, Ibáñez L. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB): surgical results and 5-year follow-up. Surg Endosc 2011; 25:292-7. [PMID: 20652325 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-010-1176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LAGB is a technique increasingly used in the USA. The aim of this study is to analyze the 5-year outcome in terms of weight loss and complications. METHOD We reviewed our prospective electronic database for all patients undergoing LAGB between 2002 and 2007. We assessed weight progression, complications, and reoperations. RESULTS We performed 199 cases during this period (70.4% females). Mean age was 37.8 ± 12.4 years. Preoperative body mass index (BMI) was 36.0 ± 3.8 kg/m(2). Preoperative comorbidities were dyslipidemia in 52.3%, insulin resistance in 30.7%, arterial hypertension in 24.6%, and type 2 diabetes in 5.5%. There were no conversions to open technique. Early complications were observed in two patients (1%): one hemoperitoneum and one ileitis. Mortality was 0%. Late complication rate was 33.6% (18.0% related to the band). Reoperation was required in 40 patients (20.1%). Laparoscopic repositioning was done in seven patients, and port/reservoir revision was done in five patients. Band removal was required in 28 patients, due to inadequate weight loss in 9, slippage in 9, gastric erosion in 1, bowel obstruction in 1, acute stomach dilatation in 1, and food intolerance in 7. Twenty of these patients underwent revisional surgery: sleeve gastrectomy in 12 and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in 8 cases. Unrelated band complication was seen in 15.6%, mainly due to anemia (7.5%), alopecia (4.5%), and cholelithiasis (3.5%). With a median follow-up of 48 months (1-72 months), 75, 60, and 95% of patients were available for follow-up at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Mean percent excess weight loss (%EWL) at 1, 3, and 5 years was 58.8 ± 30.0%, 56.8 ± 35.0%, and 58.4 ± 46.6%, respectively. However, failure rate (%EWL <50%) at 1, 3, and 5 years was 40.4, 43.5, and 46.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS LAGB has low perioperative morbidity. However, its late complications are significant, and inadequate weight loss can be as high as 46.3% after 5 years.
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Weichman K, Ren C, Kurian M, Heekoung AY, Casciano R, Stern L, Fielding G. The effectiveness of adjustable gastric banding: a retrospective 6-year U.S. follow-up study. Surg Endosc 2010; 25:397-403. [PMID: 20574855 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-010-1178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the efficacy of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) during a 6-year follow-up period. METHODS A retrospective database analysis of patients who underwent LAGB at New York University Medical Center between 1 January 2000 and 29 February 2008 was conducted. Patients were included for the efficacy analysis if they were 18 years old or older at the surgery date and had one or more visits with a recorded weight after surgery. Efficacy was assessed using percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) at 1-year intervals after surgery. Missing weight values were interpolated using a cubic spline function. Linear regression models were used to assess the characteristics that affected the last available %EWL. All patients had implantation of the LAP-BAND system. RESULTS The inclusion criteria for the efficacy analysis were met by 2,909 patients. The majority of the patients were white (83.3%) and female (68.4%). The mean patient age was 44.6 years, and the mean baseline body mass index (BMI) was 45.3 kg/m2. The %EWL 3 years after surgery was 52.9%, which was sustained thereafter. In multivariate models, increased number of office visits, younger age, female gender, and Caucasian race were significantly associated with a higher maximum %EWL. CONCLUSIONS The LAP-BAND patients achieved a substantial and sustainable weight loss of approximately 50% at 6 years after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Weichman
- New York University Medical Center, 560 First Avenue, New York, NY, USA.
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Pihlajamäki J, Grönlund S, Simonen M, Käkelä P, Moilanen L, Pääkkönen M, Pirinen E, Kolehmainen M, Kärjä V, Kainulainen S, Uusitupa M, Alhava E, Miettinen TA, Gylling H. Cholesterol absorption decreases after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass but not after gastric banding. Metabolism 2010; 59:866-72. [PMID: 20015521 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2009] [Revised: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The differences in cholesterol metabolism after the 2 most common forms of obesity surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and gastric banding (GB), have not been well characterized. In this study, effects of RYGB and GB on cholesterol absorption and synthesis were investigated. To this aim, 1-year follow-up of cholesterol metabolism in 2 nonrandomized cohorts undergoing either RYGB (n = 29; age, 45.2 +/- 7.7 years; body mass index [BMI], 46.0 +/- 6.1 kg/m(2)) or GB (n = 26; age, 45.9 +/- 8.6 years; BMI, 50.1 +/- 7.7 kg/m(2)) was performed in a university hospital center specializing in the treatment of morbid obesity. Serum markers of cholesterol synthesis (cholestenol, desmosterol, and lathosterol) and cholesterol absorption (campesterol, sitosterol, avenasterol, and cholestanol) were measured preoperatively and at follow-up and expressed as ratios to cholesterol. As expected based on observed weight loss (25% after RYGB and 17% after GB, P < .001 between groups), both operations decreased serum levels of cholesterol synthesis markers by 12% to 28% (all Ps < .001). A decrease in cholesterol absorption markers was only observed after RYGB (-26% for sitosterol) and not after GB (+16%, P = 2 x 10(-6) for difference between the groups). The difference in sitosterol ratio between the groups remained significant after adjustment for age, BMI, fasting insulin levels, and nutritional status (P = 2 x 10(-4)), indicating a specific effect related to RYGB. We conclude that decrease in cholesterol absorption is a novel beneficial effect of RYGB. Together with an improved control of blood glucose, this may contribute to a better cardiovascular risk profile after RYGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
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Todkar JS, Shah SS, Shah PS, Gangwani J. Long-term effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2010; 6:142-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2009.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 06/21/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Ponce J. Comment on: evaluating gastric erosion in band management: an algorithm for stratification of risk. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2010; 6:390. [PMID: 20176508 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Patel S, Eckstein J, Acholonu E, Abu-Jaish W, Szomstein S, Rosenthal RJ. Reasons and outcomes of laparoscopic revisional surgery after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for morbid obesity. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2010; 6:391-8. [PMID: 20655021 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2009.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is a purely restrictive procedure that has been proved to be an effective tool in achieving weight loss. The low operative morbidity and reversibility are often seen as advantages of this procedure compared with other bariatric approaches. We have attempted to define the reasons for revisional surgery after LAGB and the outcomes. METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed from February 2001 to October 2008 at a center of excellence after institutional review board approval. The patients who had undergone revisional surgery after primary LAGB were evaluated. RESULTS Of 343 patients who had undergone primary LAGB, 60 subsequently underwent a revisional procedure. In addition, 28 revisional procedures were performed on patients who had undergone primary LAGB at an outside institution. These procedures included 39 (44.3%) band removals alone, 12 (13.6%) band removals with conversion to sleeve gastrectomy, 13 (14.8%) band removals with conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, 9 (10.2%) band repositioning, and 2 (2.3%) band replacements. In addition, 13 (14.8%) port-related procedures (3 relocations, 6 reconnections, and 4 replacements/removals) were performed. CONCLUSION Although reversible and efficacious, LAGB appears to have a high incidence of complications requiring revisional surgery and/or band removal. The results of our study have shown that laparoscopic revisional surgery after primary LAGB is safe and can be performed with minimal morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Patel
- Section of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA
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Kurian M, Sultan S, Garg K, Youn H, Fielding G, Ren-Fielding C. Evaluating gastric erosion in band management: an algorithm for stratification of risk. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2009; 6:386-9. [PMID: 20176510 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2009.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic gastric banding has several known complications, including gastric erosion. No clear factors have been determined for the development of band erosion, but technical factors such as covering the buckle of the band have been implicated. The objective of the present study was to determine whether band management after surgery, band size, or filling beyond the manufacturer-determined maximal volume has an effect on the incidence of erosion at a university hospital in the United States. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of a prospective institutional review board-approved database. All patients who had been followed from 2002 to 2008 were identified. The maximal band volume was 4 cm(3) for the 9.75-cm/10-cm band and 10 cm(3) for the Vanguard band. The bands were considered overfilled if they had been filled to greater than the maximal volume for >/=3 months. RESULTS A total of 2437 patients had undergone Lap-Band surgery. Of these 2437 patients, 14 developed erosion (.57%). The primary erosion rate was .39% (9 of 2359). These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the type of band placed: group 1, Vanguard (n = 735); group 2, 9.75-cm/10-cm band (n = 1624); and group 3, revisions to Vanguard, including a band placed around a bypass (n = 78). The incidence of gastric erosion by group was .95% (7 of 735) in group 1, .12% (2 of 1624) in group 2, and 6.41% (5 of 78) in group 3. The difference in the erosion rate among the groups was significant (group 1 versus 2, P = .005; group 3 versus 1, P = .003; and group 3 versus 2, P = .001). Erosions developed in each group without overfilling. Also, comparing the erosion rate in the overfilled versus underfilled bands, statistical significance was found only for group 1 at 3.18% versus .35% (P = .006). The erosion rate in the overfilled versus underfilled was 1.01% versus .07% in group 2 and 11.11% versus 3.92% in group 3. CONCLUSION A band that needs to be overfilled might be a sign of erosion, and patients should undergo endoscopy. Band revision has a greater rate of erosion than primary banding. The Vanguard band has a greater risk of erosion than the 4-cm(3) bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kurian
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA.
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45
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Gagner M, Milone L, Trelles N. Mortality After Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding: Results from an Anonymous Questionnaire to ASBS Members. Obes Surg 2009; 19:1657-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-009-9951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Once an obese patient has failed attempts at diet modification, physical activity, pharmacologic treatment, and possibly even complementary and alternative therapies, the next step is to consider surgical management. Treatment plans must be customized for individual patients and should involve evaluation by the primary care provider, a dietician, psychologist, and surgeon. Then depending on the individual's needs, comorbidities, and candidacy, a specific surgical intervention may be necessary. These procedures are restrictive, malabsorptive, and a combination of both. Each procedure has its own short-term and long-term complications and must be monitored for the rest of the individual's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Baker
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Lanthaler M, Strasser S, Aigner F, Margreiter R, Nehoda H. Weight loss and quality of life after gastric band removal or deflation. Obes Surg 2009; 19:1401-8. [PMID: 19680730 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-009-9936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aim was to retrospectively assess whether patients were able to maintain their weight after gastric band removal or deflation and how they felt about gastric banding. METHODS A total of 41 patients (93% female, mean age 34.1 (SD 10.5) years) were included in this study: patients who had their band removed/deflated without further surgical intervention (group 1, n = 26) and those who later underwent a second bariatric operation (group 2, n = 15). We evaluated weight gain after band removal/during the time between band removal and second bariatric operation. RESULTS Of our patients, 31 (76%) suffered a complication (18 late pouch dilatations, six band infections, five band migrations, and two band leaks) requiring band removal. Ten patients wanted their band removed (six) or emptied (four). Mean time after band removal, when patients had neither a band nor a second bariatric operation, was 2.84 (SD 2.3) years. Five (12.2%) patients maintained their weight, four of whom experienced a learning effect; all others gained weight. Mean body mass index for both groups after the period without a band was 36.7 (SD 8.0) kg/m(2) (vs 29.4 (SD 7.0) at removal), and excess weight loss was 33.2% (SD 39.2; vs 69.8% (SD 32.9) at removal). Of our patients, 73% would not agree to gastric banding again. According to the bariatric analysis and reporting outcome system, long-term outcome of patients following band removal was a "failure" in 66% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Long-term outcome following band removal is unsatisfactory in many patients. Nevertheless, a minority of patients was able to maintain its weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lanthaler
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation and Thoracic Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University Hospital, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Krassas A, Mallios D, Boulia S, Kakaris S. Thoracic empyema after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. A rare complication. Obes Surg 2010; 20:1459-61. [PMID: 19437081 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-009-9860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is a popular therapeutic option for morbid obesity. It is a minimally invasive procedure. The reported early morbidity is low and there are only few reports of respiratory complications. We report a case of empyema and lung abscess due to diaphragm perforation by a LAGB.
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Agha-mohammadi S, Hurwitz DJ. Potential Impacts of Nutritional Deficiency of Postbariatric Patients on Body Contouring Surgery: . Plast Reconstr Surg 2008; 122:1901-14. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e31818d20d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Nabi H, Vahtera J, Singh-Manoux A, Pentti J, Oksanen T, Gimeno D, Elovainio M, Virtanen M, Klaukka T, Kivimaki M. Do psychological attributes matter for adherence to antihypertensive medication? The Finnish Public Sector Cohort Study. J Hypertens 2008; 26:2236-43. [PMID: 18854766 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32830dfe5f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychological factors may be important determinants of adherence to antihypertensive medication, as they have been repeatedly found to be associated with an increased risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and health-damaging behaviours. We examined the importance of several psychological attributes (sense of coherence, optimism, pessimism, hostility, anxiety) with regard to antihypertensive medication adherence assessed by pharmacy refill records. METHODS A total of 1021 hypertensive participants, aged 26-63 years, who were employees in eight towns and 12 hospitals in Finland were included in the analyses. RESULTS We found 60% of patients to be totally adherent, 36% partially adherent, and 4% totally nonadherent. Multinomial regression analyses revealed high sense of coherence to be associated with lower odds of being totally nonadherent in contrast of being totally adherent (odds ratio=0.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.31-0.96). This association was independent of factors that influenced adherence to antihypertensive medication, such as sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviours, self-reported medical history of doctor-diagnosed comorbidity, and anteriority of hypertension status. The association was not specific to certain types of antihypertensive drugs. CONCLUSION High sense of coherence may influence antihypertensive medication-adherence behaviour. Aspects characterizing this psychological attribute, such as knowledge (comprehensibility), capacity (manageability), and motivation (meaningfulness) may be important determinants of adherence behaviour for asymptomatic illnesses, such as hypertension, in which patients often do not feel or perceive the immediate consequences of skipping medication doses.
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