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Ge J, Wang JW, Guo QY, Wen AD. Application of an LC-MS/MS Method to a Urinary Excretion Study of Triflusal and its Main Metabolite 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethyl Benzoic Acid in Human Urine. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412914666181105125225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
A validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LCMS/
MS) was established to simultaneously determine the concentration of triflusal and its main
metabolite 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethyl benzoic acid(HTB) in human urine.
Methods:
The separation was performed on a Dikma C18 column using isocratic elution with
acetonitrile-4 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution containing 0.3 % formic acid water (78: 28,
V/V). The method involved extraction with methanol using protein precipitation. The precursor-toproduct
ion transitions with multiple reaction monitoring was m/z 247.1→161.1, 204.8→106.7and
136.9→93.0 for triflusal, HTB and salicylic acid(IS), respectively. The method showed good linear
relationships over the ranges of 0.08 to 48 μg/mL and0.5 to 50 μg/mL.
Results:
It was the first time that a urinary excretion study of triflusal capsule as oral. The cumulative
urinary recovery showed 8.5% and 2.7% for triflusal and HTB, respectively.
Conclusion:
This method was successfully used for evaluating the pharmacokinetic properties of triflusal
and HTB in urine in Chinese healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jin-Wen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Qi-Yan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Ai-Dong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Park SM, Lee J, Seong SJ, Park JG, Gwon MR, Lim MS, Lee HW, Yoon YR, Yang DH, Kwon KI, Han S. Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of transformed binary effect data of triflusal in healthy Korean male volunteers: a randomized, open-label, multiple dose, crossover study. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 15:75. [PMID: 25534747 PMCID: PMC4416384 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triflusal is a drug that inhibits platelet aggregation. In this study we investigated the dose-exposure-response relationship of a triflusal formulation by population pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling of its main active metabolite, hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid (HTB). Methods This study was a randomized, open-label, multiple-dose, two-period, two-treatment, comparative crossover design. All volunteers received a single oral loading dose of 900 mg of triflusal on Day 1, followed by a dose of 600 mg/day from Day 2 to 9. Using data from 34 healthy volunteers, 476 HTB plasma concentration data points and 340 platelet aggregation data points were used to construct PK and PD models respectively using NONMEM (version 6.2). As the PD endpoint was qualitative, we implemented binary analysis of ‘inhibition’ and ‘non-inhibition’ rather than using the actual value of the test. The final PK-PD model was evaluated using a visual predictive check (VPC) and bootstrap. Results The time-concentration profile of HTB over the entire dosing period was described by a one-compartment model with a first-order formation rate constant for HTB. Weight was selected as a covariate for clearance and volume of triflusal, respectively. The structure and the population estimates for triflusal PK were as follows: oral clearance (CL/F) = 0.2 · (weight/71.65)0.845 L/h, oral volume of distribution (V/F) = 8.3 · (weight/71.65) L, and kf = 0.341 h-1. A sigmoid relationship between triflusal concentration and the probability of significant inhibition with shape factor was chosen as the final PD model. No time delay between concentration and response was identified. The final structure between predicted concentration and the probability of inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA) relationship was as follows: Probability of . Thus, we concluded this relationship is more like quantal concentration-response relationship. The current dosing regimen was considered to be efficacious based on the EC50 estimate of 84.9 μg/mL obtained in this study. Conclusions A PK and binary probability PD model of triflusal was successfully developed for Korean healthy volunteers. The model may be used to further prediction inhibition of platelet aggregation by triflusal. Trial registration Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), KCT0001299 (Registered December 5, 2014)
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Park
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, South Korea. .,BK21 Plus KNU Bio-Medical Convergence Program for Creative Talent, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-842, South Korea.
| | - Joomi Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Sook Jin Seong
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, South Korea. .,BK21 Plus KNU Bio-Medical Convergence Program for Creative Talent, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-842, South Korea.
| | - Jong Gwang Park
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Mi-Ri Gwon
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, South Korea. .,BK21 Plus KNU Bio-Medical Convergence Program for Creative Talent, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-842, South Korea.
| | - Mi-sun Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Hae Won Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Young-Ran Yoon
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, South Korea. .,BK21 Plus KNU Bio-Medical Convergence Program for Creative Talent, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-842, South Korea.
| | - Dong Heon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Kwang-Il Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Seunghoon Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,PIPET (Pharmacometrics Institute for Practical Education and Training), Seoul, South Korea.
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Park SH, Kim YB, Huh SK. Effect of premedication method and drug resistance of antiplatelet agent on periprocedural thromboembolic events during coil embolization of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg 2012; 14:148-56. [PMID: 23210040 PMCID: PMC3491207 DOI: 10.7461/jcen.2012.14.3.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A retrospective review of premedication method and drug resistance of aspirin and clopidogrel in association with thromboembolic events during and after coil embolization of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm was conducted. Methods Our premedication policy for coil embolization of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm has changed from administration of the loading dose before the procedure (i.e. loading group) to repeated administration of the maintenance dose for several days (i.e. preparation group). The loading group (27 patients with 29 aneurysms) and the preparation group (30 patients with 35 aneurysms) were compared for identification of the effect of premedication method on periprocedural thromboembolic events. The results of drug response assays of the preparation group were analyzed with respect to periprocedural thromboembolic events. Results No statistically significant difference in incidence of thromboembolic events was observed between the loading group and the preparation group. Analysis of the results of the drug response assay showed high prevalence (56.7%, 73.3%) of clopidogrel resistance and relatively low prevalence (6.7%) of aspirin resistance. Patients who had thromboembolic events tended to have lower responsiveness to both aspirin and clopidogrel than patients without it. Conclusion The method of antiplatelet premedication does not affect the rate of periprocedural thromboembolic events in coil embolization for treatment of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm. Nevertheless, considering the high prevalence of drug resistance, it is reasonable to premedicate antiplatelet agents in the preparation method for the drug response assay. Use of a higher dose of aspirin and clopidogrel or addition of an alternative drug (cilostazol or triflusal) can be applied against antiplatelet agent resistance. However, because the hemorrhagic risk associated with this supplementary use of antiplatelet agent has not been well-documented, the hemorrhagic risk and the preventive benefit must be weighed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hwan Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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