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Morenas-Aguilar MD, Rodriguez-Perea A, Chirosa-Rios LJ, Jerez-Mayorga D, Vila H, Avalos Solitario AB, Soto-García D. Reliability of a handball specific strength test battery and the association with sprint and throwing performance in young handball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:355-362. [PMID: 38126973 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.23.15530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A greater motivation for coaches to be more involved in assessment could be the development of specific strength tests closer to specific handball tasks. Therefore, the aims were to determine the reliability of a handball specific strength test battery in young handball players using a functional electromechanical dynamometer (FEMD) and to evaluate the association between the strength test battery and performance measurements. METHODS Thirty-two young handball players (25% males and 75% females) performed a repeated-measurement design over four weeks. The players conducted one session per week, with each measurement consisting of two isometric tests to obtain isometric peak force, and four incremental tests. Moreover, performance handball tests (sprint and throwing velocity [TV]) were recorded. RESULTS The reliability of the whole handball specific strength tests was very high for the peak and mean strength (ICC=0.70-0.85; CV=8.49-13.99; SEM=0.44-0.67 kg). The step forward had a moderate association with 5 to 10 meters' time. The highest correlation between TVmean was found with the peak strength of standing lift and between TVpeak with peak strength of unilateral throw. The sprint total time could be explained by Body Mass Index and peak strength of the standing lift in the 40% and the TVpeak could be explained by arm span and mean strength of the standing lift in the 68%. CONCLUSIONS The high reliability for all exercises and the significant correlation with handball performance (sprint time and TV) allow us to include these tests in handball team evaluation and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Morenas-Aguilar
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Laboratory of Strength and Conditioning, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Angela Rodriguez-Perea
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain -
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Laboratory of Strength and Conditioning, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis J Chirosa-Rios
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Laboratory of Strength and Conditioning, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Jerez-Mayorga
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Laboratory of Strength and Conditioning, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- School of Physical Therapy, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Helena Vila
- Healthy Fit Research Group, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Sergas-UVIGO, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Diego Soto-García
- AMRED Research Group, Department of Physical and Sport Education, University of León, León, Spain
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Rodriguez-Perea A, Morenas-Aguilar MD, Martinez-Garcia D, Chirosa-Rios LJ, Garcia-Buendia G. Influence of trunk rotator strength on rotational medicine ball throwing performance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:30-36. [PMID: 37721721 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.23.15266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strength of the trunk musculature plays an essential role in performance. The aims of this study were to analyze the relationship between the strength of the trunk rotation muscles with rotational medicine ball throwing velocity and distance, to study differences between sex in rotational medicine ball throwing and to compare the asymmetries of trunk rotational strength and rotational medicine ball throwing. METHODS Thirty physically active college students participated on the study. Horizontal and low cable woodchop exercises were assessed with a functional electromechanical dynamometer and throwing was measured with a radar and a measuring tape. A Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for the relation between trunk rotational strength and rotational medicine ball throwing. Independent samples t-test was performed to determine the differences between sex in rotational medicine ball throwing and a paired samples t-test was performed to study the asymmetries. RESULTS Large and very large correlations were obtained between trunk rotational strength and rotational medicine ball throwing (r=0.68-0.79). Significant differences and a large effect size were found between males and females for all throwing velocity and throwing distance variables (P<0.05; ES>0.90) and asymmetries in performance of mean velocity throwing (P=0.003; ES=-0.60) and peak velocity throwing (P=0.025; ES=-0.43). No significant differences were found between dominant and non-dominant side in any of the trunk rotator strength assessment conditions (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a large or very large correlation between the STRM and the RMBT in all its modalities. Differences in strength were found between sexes, with no significant differences between dominant and non-dominant sides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rodriguez-Perea
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María D Morenas-Aguilar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain -
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Martinez-Garcia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis J Chirosa-Rios
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gustavo Garcia-Buendia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Buso D, Willardson JM, Shafer AB. Effects of Medicine Wall Ball Throws With Whole-Body Vibration on Bat Swing Performance in Collegiate Baseball Players. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:2071-2075. [PMID: 37729518 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Buso, D, Willardson, JM, and Shafer, AB. Research note: Effects of medicine wall ball throws with whole-body vibration on bat swing performance in collegiate baseball players. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2071-2075, 2023-The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of medicine ball wall throws performed with whole-body vibration on bat swing performance in 13 highly trained collegiate baseball players. The experimental session involved the athletes' usual warm-up followed by baseline bat swings. The baseline bat swings were followed by 3 sets of 5 medicine ball wall throws while standing on a whole-body vibration platform set at 40 Hz and with 30 seconds rest between sets. Subjects then rested passively for 5 minutes before taking post-test bat swings. Performance was evaluated with bat speed (m·second-1), time to contact (secs), rotational acceleration (G's), and exit velocity (m·second-1). Paired t tests were used to compare baseline and post-test values (p ≤ 0.05). Effect size (d) statistics were also calculated to determine the magnitude of treatment effects. It was found that bat speed (p = 0.02; d = 0.22) and exit velocity (p = 0.03; d = 0.48) were significantly faster versus baseline, whereas rotational acceleration (p = 0.10; d = 0.23) and time to contact (p = 0.44; d = -0.12) were not significantly different from baseline, respectively. These results suggest that the addition of medicine ball wall throws with whole-body vibration can significantly increase key parameters of bat swing performance. Practitioners and coaches may consider including these combined exercise stimuli as part of workouts or during games for potentially greater success at the plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominick Buso
- Health and Human Performance Department, Montana State University Billings, Billings, Montana
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Rodríguez-Perea A, Morenas Aguilar MD, Escobar-Molina R, Martínez-García D, Chirosa Ríos I, Jerez-Mayorga D, Chirosa Ríos L, Janicijevic D, Reyes-Ferrada W. Strength Assessment of Trunk Rotator Muscles: A Multicenter Reliability Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2331. [PMID: 37628528 PMCID: PMC10454521 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trunk rotator strength plays an important role in sports performance and health. A reliable method to assess these muscles with functional electromechanical dynamometer has not been described. Therefore, the objectives of this paper were (I) to explore the reliability of different strength variables collected in isokinetic and isometric conditions during two trunk rotator exercises, and (II) to determine the relationship of isometric and dynamic strength variables collected in the same exercise. METHODS A repeated measures design was performed to evaluate the reliability of the horizontal cable woodchop (HCW) and low cable woodchop (LCW) exercises. Reliability was assessed using t-tests of paired samples for the effect size, the standard error of measurement, the coefficient of variation (CV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The Pearson's (r) correlation coefficient was used to explore the association between isometric and isokinetic tests. RESULTS HCW exercise is more reliable than LCW exercise in assessing trunk rotator muscles. The strength manifestation that should be used is the average strength, and the most reliable evaluation was the HCW at 0.40 m·s-1 concentric (ICC = 0.89; CV = 10.21%) and eccentric (ICC = 0.85; CV = 9.33%) contraction and the dynamic condition that most correlated with the isometric was LWC at 0.50 m·s-1 (r = 0.83; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION HCW is a reliable exercise to measure trunk rotator muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rodríguez-Perea
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.R.-P.); (M.D.M.A.); (R.E.-M.); (D.M.-G.); (I.C.R.); (L.C.R.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Dolores Morenas Aguilar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.R.-P.); (M.D.M.A.); (R.E.-M.); (D.M.-G.); (I.C.R.); (L.C.R.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-362 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Raquel Escobar-Molina
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.R.-P.); (M.D.M.A.); (R.E.-M.); (D.M.-G.); (I.C.R.); (L.C.R.)
| | - Darío Martínez-García
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.R.-P.); (M.D.M.A.); (R.E.-M.); (D.M.-G.); (I.C.R.); (L.C.R.)
| | - Ignacio Chirosa Ríos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.R.-P.); (M.D.M.A.); (R.E.-M.); (D.M.-G.); (I.C.R.); (L.C.R.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Jerez-Mayorga
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.R.-P.); (M.D.M.A.); (R.E.-M.); (D.M.-G.); (I.C.R.); (L.C.R.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile;
| | - Luis Chirosa Ríos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.R.-P.); (M.D.M.A.); (R.E.-M.); (D.M.-G.); (I.C.R.); (L.C.R.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Danica Janicijevic
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-362 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4070129, Chile
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain
| | - Waleska Reyes-Ferrada
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile;
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Machado EDM, Haik MN, Ferreira JK, da Silva Santos JF, Camargo PR, Mendonça LDM. Association of trunk and lower limb factors with shoulder complaints and sport performance in overhead athletes: A systematic review including GRADE recommendations and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 60:112-131. [PMID: 36791672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the association of trunk and lower limb factors with shoulder complaints and sport performance in overhead athletes. METHODS Search performed at PubMed/Medline, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, Cochrane, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus for observational studies. Methodological quality and strength of the evidence was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and GRADE. Meta-analysis and effects sizes analysis were calculated when possible. RESULTS Sixty-five studies were included. Low to very-low evidence suggests no association of trunk/lower limb strength, endurance, power, jump or balance with shoulder complaints and/or throwing performance. Athletes with shoulder complaints performed worse in trunk stability and endurance tests (mean difference: -6.83 (95%CI: -8.78, -4.88)). Athletes with high throwing performance presented better results in CMJ, horizontal jump, power measures and knee extension strength. For swimmers, there was no association of trunk/lower limb endurance with shoulder complaints (moderate evidence) and no association of balance and swimming performance (low evidence). Better trunk/lower limb strength, power and vertical jumps measures were associated with better swimming performance. CONCLUSIONS In methodologically similar studies, some trunk/lower limb outcomes are associated with shoulder complaint or sport/swimming performance. Results should be considered with caution and future studies should use better methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane de Morais Machado
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Therapy (PPGFt), Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Sao Carlos, Brazil; Laboratory of Analysis and Intervention of the Shoulder Complex, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Melina Nevoeiro Haik
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Therapy (PPGFt), Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Sao Carlos, Brazil; Laboratory of Analysis and Intervention of the Shoulder Complex, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Julia Kortstee Ferreira
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Therapy (PPGFt), Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Sao Carlos, Brazil; Laboratory of Analysis and Intervention of the Shoulder Complex, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Ferreira da Silva Santos
- Physical Training and Sport Performance Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e do Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Rezende Camargo
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Therapy (PPGFt), Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Sao Carlos, Brazil; Laboratory of Analysis and Intervention of the Shoulder Complex, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Luciana De Michelis Mendonça
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Therapy (PPGFt), Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Sao Carlos, Brazil; Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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