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Zhu Y, Liu W, Qi Z. Adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis under physiologically energetic challenges: a remodelled thermogenic system. J Physiol 2024; 602:23-48. [PMID: 38019069 DOI: 10.1113/jp285269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes are often thought to be caused by reduced energy expenditure, which poses a serious threat to human health. Cold exposure, exercise and caloric restriction have been shown to promote adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis. These physiological interventions increase energy expenditure and thus have emerged as promising strategies for mitigating metabolic disorders. However, that increased adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis elevate thermogenic consumption is not a reasonable explanation when humans and animals confront energetic challenges imposed by these interventions. In this review, we collected numerous results on adipose tissue browning and whitening and evaluated this bi-directional conversion of adipocytes from the perspective of energy homeostasis. Here, we propose a new interpretation of the role of adipose tissue browning under energetic challenges: increased adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis under energy challenge is not to enhance energy expenditure, but to reestablish a more economical thermogenic pattern to maintain the core body temperature. This can be achieved by enhancing the contribution of non-shivering thermogenesis (adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis) and lowering shivering thermogenesis and high intensity shivering. Consequently, the proportion of heat production in fat increases and that in skeletal muscle decreases, enabling skeletal muscle to devote more energy reserves to overcoming environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Sino-French Joint Research Center of Sport Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weina Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtang Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Shi JH, Chen YX, Feng Y, Yang X, Lin J, Wang T, Wei CC, Ma XH, Yang R, Cao D, Zhang H, Xie X, Xie Z, Zhang WJ. Fructose overconsumption impairs hepatic manganese homeostasis and ammonia disposal. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7934. [PMID: 38040719 PMCID: PMC10692208 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginase, a manganese (Mn)-dependent enzyme, is indispensable for urea generation and ammonia disposal in the liver. The potential role of fructose in Mn and ammonia metabolism is undefined. Here we demonstrate that fructose overconsumption impairs hepatic Mn homeostasis and ammonia disposal in male mice. Fructose overexposure reduces liver Mn content as well as its activity of arginase and Mn-SOD, and impairs the clearance of blood ammonia under liver dysfunction. Mechanistically, fructose activates the Mn exporter Slc30a10 gene transcription in the liver in a ChREBP-dependent manner. Hepatic overexpression of Slc30a10 can mimic the effect of fructose on liver Mn content and ammonia disposal. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of Slc30a10 or ChREBP increases liver Mn contents and arginase activity, and abolishes their responsiveness to fructose. Collectively, our data establish a role of fructose in hepatic Mn and ammonia metabolism through ChREBP/Slc30a10 pathway, and postulate fructose dietary restriction for the prevention and treatment of hyperammonemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hui Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xia Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohang Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Chun Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Hua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyang Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhifang Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping J Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation and Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Engelhard CA, Khani S, Derdak S, Bilban M, Kornfeld JW. Nanopore sequencing unveils the complexity of the cold-activated murine brown adipose tissue transcriptome. iScience 2023; 26:107190. [PMID: 37564700 PMCID: PMC10410515 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative transcription increases transcriptome complexity by expression of multiple transcripts per gene. Annotation and quantification of transcripts using short-read sequencing is non-trivial. Long-read sequencing aims at overcoming these problems by sequencing full-length transcripts. Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis involves major transcriptomic remodeling and positively affects metabolism via increased energy expenditure. We benchmark Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) long-read sequencing protocols to Illumina short-read sequencing assessing alignment characteristics, gene and transcript detection and quantification, differential gene and transcript expression, transcriptome reannotation, and differential transcript usage (DTU). We find ONT sequencing is superior to Illumina for transcriptome reassembly, reducing the risk of false-positive events by unambiguously mapping reads to transcripts. We identified novel isoforms of genes undergoing DTU in cold-activated BAT including Cars2, Adtrp, Acsl5, Scp2, Aldoa, and Pde4d, validated by real-time PCR. The reannotated murine BAT transcriptome established here provides a framework for future investigations into the regulation of BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Andreas Engelhard
- Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB), University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sajjad Khani
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Strasse 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sophia Derdak
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bilban
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan-Wilhelm Kornfeld
- Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB), University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Zheng Y, Yang N, Pang Y, Gong Y, Yang H, Ding W, Yang H. Mitochondria-associated regulation in adipose tissues and potential reagents for obesity intervention. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1132342. [PMID: 37396170 PMCID: PMC10313115 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1132342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A systematic review analysis was used to assess the profile of mitochondrial involvement in adipose tissue regulation and potential reagents to intervene in obesity through the mitochondrial pathway. Methods Three databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched online for literature associated with mitochondria, obesity, white adipose tissue, and brown adipose tissue published from the time of their creation until June 22, 2022, and each paper was screened. Results 568 papers were identified, of which 134 papers met the initial selection criteria, 76 were selected after full-text review, and 6 were identified after additional searches. A full-text review of the included 82 papers was performed. Conclusion Mitochondria play a key role in adipose tissue metabolism and energy homeostasis, including as potential therapeutic agents for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zheng
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueshan Pang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijun Ding
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongya Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ahn B. The Function of MondoA and ChREBP Nutrient-Sensing Factors in Metabolic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108811. [PMID: 37240157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major global public health concern associated with an increased risk of many health problems, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer. Obesity is also a critical factor in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is associated with metabolic inflexibility, which interferes with the body's ability to switch from free fatty acids to carbohydrate substrates, as well as with the ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in non-adipose tissue, such as that of skeletal muscle, the liver, heart, and pancreas. Recent studies have demonstrated that MondoA (MLX-interacting protein or MLXIP) and the carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP, also known as MLXIPL and MondoB) play crucial roles in the regulation of nutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis in the body. This review summarizes recent advances in elucidating the function of MondoA and ChREBP in insulin resistance and related pathological conditions. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which MondoA and ChREBP transcription factors regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in metabolically active organs. Understanding the underlying mechanism of MondoA and ChREBP in insulin resistance and obesity can foster the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungyong Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
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Régnier M, Carbinatti T, Parlati L, Benhamed F, Postic C. The role of ChREBP in carbohydrate sensing and NAFLD development. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:336-349. [PMID: 37055547 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sugar consumption and defective glucose sensing by hepatocytes contribute to the development of metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic metabolism of carbohydrates into lipids is largely dependent on the carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP), a transcription factor that senses intracellular carbohydrates and activates many different target genes, through the activation of de novo lipogenesis (DNL). This process is crucial for the storage of energy as triglycerides in hepatocytes. Furthermore, ChREBP and its downstream targets represent promising targets for the development of therapies for the treatment of NAFLD and T2DM. Although lipogenic inhibitors (for example, inhibitors of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase or ATP citrate lyase) are currently under investigation, targeting lipogenesis remains a topic of discussion for NAFLD treatment. In this Review, we discuss mechanisms that regulate ChREBP activity in a tissue-specific manner and their respective roles in controlling DNL and beyond. We also provide in-depth discussion of the roles of ChREBP in the onset and progression of NAFLD and consider emerging targets for NAFLD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
| | - Thaïs Carbinatti
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Parlati
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
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Guo H, Fang T, Cheng Y, Li T, Qu JR, Xu CF, Deng XQ, Sun B, Chen LM. ChREBP-β/TXNIP aggravates frucose-induced renal injury through triggering ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:154-165. [PMID: 36828294 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
High fructose intake is an essential risk factor for kidney injury. However, the specific mechanism underlying high fructose-induced kidney injury remains unclarified. Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcriptional activator that regulates fructose metabolism. ChREBP-β exhibits sustained activity due to the lack of a low glucose inhibitory domain, and is thus described as the active form of ChREBP. In this study, a mouse model with specific overexpression of ChREBP-β in the renal tubule was established by using the Cre/LoxP method. Quantitative proteomic analysis and experimental verification results suggest that ChREP-β overexpression leads to ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and kidney injury. ChREPB-β promotes the gene transcription of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and thereby increases its expression level. TXNIP is associated with activation of ferroptosis. TXNIP can initiate ferroptosis and eventually contribute to high fructose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell damage. Through down-regulating ChREBP-β, metformin can inhibit gene transcription of TXNIP, attenuate high fructose-induced ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells, and alleviate kidney injury. In conclusion, ChREBP-β mediates fructose-induced ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, and metformin with a ChREBP-β inhibitory effect may be a potential treatment for ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ting Fang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ting Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jing-Ru Qu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Chao-Fei Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Bei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
| | - Li-Ming Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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de Winne C, Pascual FL, Lopez-Vicchi F, Etcheverry-Boneo L, Mendez-Garcia LF, Ornstein AM, Lacau-Mengido IM, Sorianello E, Becu-Villalobos D. Neuroendocrine control of brown adipocyte function by prolactin and growth hormone. J Neuroendocrinol 2023:e13248. [PMID: 36932836 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) is fundamental for growth and glucose homeostasis, and prolactin for optimal pregnancy and lactation outcome, but additionally, both hormones have multiple functions that include a strong impact on energetic metabolism. In this respect, prolactin and GH receptors have been found in brown, and white adipocytes, as well as in hypothalamic centers regulating thermogenesis. This review describes the neuroendocrine control of the function and plasticity of brown and beige adipocytes, with a special focus on prolactin and GH actions. Most evidence points to a negative association between high prolactin levels and the thermogenic capacity of BAT, except in early development. During lactation and pregnancy, prolactin may be a contributing factor that limits unneeded thermogenesis, downregulating BAT UCP1. Furthermore, animal models of high serum prolactin have low BAT UCP1 levels and whitening of the tissue, while lack of Prlr induces beiging in WAT depots. These actions may involve hypothalamic nuclei, particularly the DMN, POA and ARN, brain centers that participate in thermogenesis. Studies on GH regulation of BAT function present some controversies. Most mouse models with GH excess or deficiency point to an inhibitory role of GH on BAT function. Even so, a stimulatory role of GH on WAT beiging has also been described, in accordance with whole-genome microarrays that demonstrate divergent response signatures of BAT and WAT genes to the loss of GH signaling. Understanding the physiology of BAT and WAT beiging may contribute to the ongoing efforts to curtail obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina de Winne
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia L Pascual
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Felicitas Lopez-Vicchi
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luz Etcheverry-Boneo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis F Mendez-Garcia
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Maria Ornstein
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isabel Maria Lacau-Mengido
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eleonora Sorianello
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damasia Becu-Villalobos
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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9
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Carbinatti T, Régnier M, Parlati L, Benhamed F, Postic C. New insights into the inter-organ crosstalk mediated by ChREBP. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1095440. [PMID: 36923222 PMCID: PMC10008936 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1095440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose responsive transcription factor recognized by its critical role in the transcriptional control of glycolysis and de novo lipogenesis. Substantial advances in the field have revealed novel ChREBP functions. Indeed, due to its actions in different tissues, ChREBP modulates the inter-organ communication through secretion of peptides and lipid factors, ensuring metabolic homeostasis. Dysregulation of these orchestrated interactions is associated with development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we recapitulate the current knowledge about ChREBP-mediated inter-organ crosstalk through secreted factors and its physiological implications. As the liver is considered a crucial endocrine organ, we will focus in this review on the role of ChREBP-regulated hepatokines. Lastly, we will discuss the involvement of ChREBP in the progression of metabolic pathologies, as well as how the impairment of ChREBP-dependent signaling factors contributes to the onset of such diseases.
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10
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Li L, Wan Q, Long Q, Nie T, Zhao S, Mao L, Cheng C, Zou C, Loomes K, Xu A, Lai L, Liu X, Duan Z, Hui X, Wu D. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of rabbit interscapular brown adipose tissue whitening under physiological conditions. Adipocyte 2022; 11:529-549. [PMID: 36000239 PMCID: PMC9427046 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2111053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) of both rabbits and humans exhibits a similar whitening phenomenon under physiological conditions. However, a detailed characterization of iBAT whitening in them is still lacking. Here, we chose rabbits as a model to gain a better understanding of the molecular signature changes during the whitening process of iBAT by transcriptomic analysis of rabbit iBAT at day 1, day 14, 1 month and 4 months after birth. We applied non-invasive MRI imaging to monitor the whitening process and correlated these changes with analysis of morphological, histological and molecular features. Principal component analysis (PCA) of differentially expressed genes delineated three major phases for the whitening process as Brown, Transition and Whitened BAT phases. RNA-sequencing data revealed that whitening of iBAT was an orchestrated process where multiple types of cells and tissues participated in a variety of physiological processes including neovascularization, formation of new nervous networks and immune regulation. Several key metabolic and signalling pathways contributed to whitening of iBAT, and immune cells and immune regulation appeared to play an overarching role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiaoyun Long
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Tao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liufeng Mao
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanli Cheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Zou
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kerry Loomes
- School of Biological Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziyuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Ziyuan Duan Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Xiaoyan Hui
| | - Donghai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- CONTACT Donghai Wu
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11
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Wang P, Wu T, Fu Q, Liao Q, Li Y, Huang T, Li Y, Zhou L, Song Z. Maternal High-Fructose Intake Activates Myogenic Program in Fetal Brown Fat and Predisposes Offspring to Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunctions in Adulthood. Front Nutr 2022; 9:848983. [PMID: 35479745 PMCID: PMC9036479 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.848983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess dietary fructose intake is a major public health concern due to its deleterious effect to cause various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the effects of high-fructose consumption during pregnancy on offspring metabolic health in adulthood. Here, we show that maternal consumption of 20% (w/v) fructose water during pregnancy does not alter the metabolic balance of offspring with a chow diet, but predisposes them to obesity, fatty liver, and insulin resistance when challenged by a high-fat diet. Mechanistically, diet-induced brown fat reprogramming and global energy expenditure in offspring of fructose-fed dams are impaired. RNA-seq analysis of the fetal brown fat tissue reveals that the myogenic pathway is predominantly upregulated in the fructose-treated group. Meanwhile, circulating fructose level is found to be significantly elevated in both fructose-fed dams and their fetuses. Importantly fructose gavage also acutely activates the myogenic program in mice brown fat. Together, our data suggest that maternal high-fructose intake impairs fetal brown fat development, resultantly attenuates diet-induced thermogenesis and causes metabolic disorders in adult offspring probably through inducing myogenic signature in brown fat at the fetal stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qinghua Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qichao Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Tengda Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ziyi Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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12
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Wei C, Wang P, Dong Q, Ma X, Lu M, Qi S, Shi J, Xie Z, Ren A, Zhang WJ. ChREBP-regulated lipogenesis is not required for the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue. Int J Obes (Lond). [PMID: 35152269 PMCID: PMC8853070 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a critical role in energy expenditure by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-mediated thermogenesis and represents an important therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor regulating de novo lipogenesis, and its activity is associated with UCP1 expression and thermogenesis in BAT. However, the exact physiological role of endogenous ChREBP in BAT thermogenesis remains unclear. Methods We used the Cre/LoxP system to generate ChREBP BAT-specific knockout mice, and examined their BAT thermogenesis under acute cold exposure and long-term cold acclimation. Gene expression was analyzed at the mRNA and protein levels, and lipogenesis was examined by 3H-H2O incorporation assay. Results The mice lacking ChREBP specifically in BAT displayed a significant decrease in the expression levels of lipogenic genes and the activity of de novo lipogenesis in BAT after cold exposure, with UCP1 expression decreased under thermoneutral conditions or after acute cold exposure but not chronic cold acclimation. Unexpectedly, BAT-specific ChREBP deletion did not significantly affect body temperature as well as local temperature or morphology of BAT after acute cold exposure or chronic cold acclimation. Of note, ChREBP deletion mildly aggravated glucose intolerance induced by a high-fat diet. Conclusions Our work indicates that ChREBP regulates de novo lipogenesis in BAT and glucose tolerance, but is not required for non-shivering thermogenesis by BAT under acute or long-term cold exposure.
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13
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Iizuka K. The Roles of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in the Relationship between Carbohydrate Intake and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12058. [PMID: 34769488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are macronutrients that serve as energy sources. Many studies have shown that carbohydrate intake is nonlinearly associated with mortality. Moreover, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) consumption is positively associated with obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Accordingly, products with equal amounts of glucose and fructose have the worst effects on caloric intake, body weight gain, and glucose intolerance, suggesting that carbohydrate amount, kind, and form determine mortality. Understanding the role of carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) in glucose and lipid metabolism will be beneficial for elucidating the harmful effects of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), as this glucose-activated transcription factor regulates glycolytic and lipogenic gene expression. Glucose and fructose coordinately supply the metabolites necessary for ChREBP activation and de novo lipogenesis. Chrebp overexpression causes fatty liver and lower plasma glucose levels, and ChREBP deletion prevents obesity and fatty liver. Intestinal ChREBP regulates fructose absorption and catabolism, and adipose-specific Chrebp-knockout mice show insulin resistance. ChREBP also regulates the appetite for sweets by controlling fibroblast growth factor 21, which promotes energy expenditure. Thus, ChREBP partly mimics the effects of carbohydrate, especially HFCS. The relationship between carbohydrate intake and diseases partly resembles those between ChREBP activity and diseases.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Excessive consumption of fructose, the sweetest of all naturally occurring carbohydrates, has been linked to worldwide epidemics of metabolic diseases in humans, and it is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We provide an overview about the features of fructose metabolism, as well as potential mechanisms by which excessive fructose intake is associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases both in humans and rodents. To accomplish this aim, we focus on illuminating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of fructose metabolism as well as its signaling effects on metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis in health and disease, highlighting the role of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein in regulating fructose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Ya-Jin Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Zhifang Xie
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Weiping J. Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin 300134, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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15
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Abstract
In the past several decades obesity has become one of the greatest health burdens worldwide. Diet high in fats and fructose is one of the main causes for the prevalence of metabolic disorders including obesity. Promoting brown or beige adipocyte development and activity is regarded as a potential treatment of obesity. Mondo family transcription factors including MondoA and carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) are critical for nutrient-sensing in multiple metabolic organs including the skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue and pancreas. Under normal nutrient conditions, MondoA and ChREBP contribute to maintaining metabolic homeostasis. When nutrient is overloaded, Mondo family transcription factors directly regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in brown and beige adipocytes or modulate the crosstalk between metabolic organs. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of recent advances in the understanding of MondoA and ChREBP in sensing nutrients and regulating obesity or related pathological conditions.
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16
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Schlein C, Fischer AW, Sass F, Worthmann A, Tödter K, Jaeckstein MY, Behrens J, Lynes MD, Kiebish MA, Narain NR, Bussberg V, Darkwah A, Jespersen NZ, Nielsen S, Scheele C, Schweizer M, Braren I, Bartelt A, Tseng YH, Heeren J, Scheja L. Endogenous Fatty Acid Synthesis Drives Brown Adipose Tissue Involution. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108624. [PMID: 33440156 PMCID: PMC8240962 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoneutral conditions typical for standard human living environments result in brown adipose tissue (BAT) involution, characterized by decreased mitochondrial mass and increased lipid deposition. Low BAT activity is associated with poor metabolic health, and BAT reactivation may confer therapeutic potential. However, the molecular drivers of this BAT adaptive process in response to thermoneutrality remain enigmatic. Using metabolic and lipidomic approaches, we show that endogenous fatty acid synthesis, regulated by carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP), is the central regulator of BAT involution. By transcriptional control of lipogenesis-related enzymes, ChREBP determines the abundance and composition of both storage and membrane lipids known to regulate organelle turnover and function. Notably, ChREBP deficiency and pharmacological inhibition of lipogenesis during thermoneutral adaptation preserved mitochondrial mass and thermogenic capacity of BAT independently of mitochondrial biogenesis. In conclusion, we establish lipogenesis as a potential therapeutic target to prevent loss of BAT thermogenic capacity as seen in adult humans. Schlein et al. show that carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) controls de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and determines BAT whitening in response to thermoneutral housing. ChREBP deficiency prevents enrichment of DNL-derived lipids and mitophagy during BAT involution, which is associated with higher thermogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederike Sass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Worthmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Tödter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Y Jaeckstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janina Behrens
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthew D Lynes
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Naja Zenius Jespersen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Nielsen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Scheele
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Core Facility of Electron Microscopy, Center for Molecular Neurobiology ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingke Braren
- Vector Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Bartelt
- Department of Molecular Metabolism & Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Rosa-Neto JC, Silveira LS. Endurance Exercise Mitigates Immunometabolic Adipose Tissue Disturbances in Cancer and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9745. [PMID: 33371214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is considered an endocrine organ whose complex biology can be explained by the diversity of cell types that compose this tissue. The immune cells found in the stromal portion of adipose tissue play an important role on the modulation of inflammation by adipocytokines secretion. The interactions between metabolic active tissues and immune cells, called immunometabolism, is an important field for discovering new pathways and approaches to treat immunometabolic diseases, such as obesity and cancer. Moreover, physical exercise is widely known as a tool for prevention and adjuvant treatment on metabolic diseases. More specifically, aerobic exercise training is able to increase the energy expenditure, reduce the nutrition overload and modify the profile of adipocytokines and myokines with paracrine and endocrine effects. Therefore, our aim in this review was to cover the effects of aerobic exercise training on the immunometabolism of adipose tissue in obesity and cancer, focusing on the exercise-related modification on adipose tissue or immune cells isolated as well as their interaction.
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