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Santo BA, Ciecierska SSK, Mousavi Janbeh Sarayi SM, Jenkins TD, Baig AA, Monteiro A, Koenigsknecht C, Pionessa D, Gutierrez L, King RM, Gounis M, Siddiqui AH, Tutino VM. Tectonic infarct analysis: A computational tool for automated whole-brain infarct analysis from TTC-stained tissue. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14837. [PMID: 37025889 PMCID: PMC10070917 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infarct volume measured from 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-stained brain slices is critical to in vivo stroke models. In this study, we developed an interactive, tunable, software that automatically computes whole-brain infarct metrics from serial TTC-stained brain sections. Methods Three rat ischemic stroke cohorts were used in this study (Total n = 91 rats; Cohort 1 n = 21, Cohort 2 n = 40, Cohort 3 n = 30). For each, brains were serially-sliced, stained with TTC and scanned on both anterior and posterior sides. Ground truth annotation and infarct morphometric analysis (e.g., brain-Vbrain, infarct-Vinfarct, and non-infarct-Vnon-infarct volumes) were completed by domain experts. We used Cohort 1 for brain and infarct segmentation model development (n = 3 training cases with 36 slices [18 anterior and posterior faces], n = 18 testing cases with 218 slices [109 anterior and posterior faces]), as well as infarct morphometrics automation. The infarct quantification pipeline and pre-trained model were packaged as a standalone software and applied to Cohort 2, an internal validation dataset. Finally, software and model trainability were tested as a use-case with Cohort 3, a dataset from a separate institute. Results Both high segmentation and statistically significant quantification performance (correlation between manual and software) were observed across all datasets. Segmentation performance: Cohort 1 brain accuracy = 0.95/f1-score = 0.90, infarct accuracy = 0.96/f1-score = 0.89; Cohort 2 brain accuracy = 0.97/f1-score = 0.90, infarct accuracy = 0.97/f1-score = 0.80; Cohort 3 brain accuracy = 0.96/f1-score = 0.92, infarct accuracy = 0.95/f1-score = 0.82. Infarct quantification (cohort average): Vbrain (ρ = 0.87, p < 0.001), Vinfarct (0.92, p < 0.001), Vnon-infarct (0.80, p < 0.001), %infarct (0.87, p = 0.001), and infarct:non-infact ratio (ρ = 0.92, p < 0.001). Conclusion Tectonic Infarct Analysis software offers a robust and adaptable approach for rapid TTC-based stroke assessment.
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Kaurav H, Sharma A, Upadhyay NK, Kapoor DN. Long term delivery of glibenclamide from in situ forming microparticles for the treatment of ischemic stroke. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kumar G, Mukherjee S, Paliwal P, Singh SS, Birla H, Singh SP, Krishnamurthy S, Patnaik R. Neuroprotective effect of chlorogenic acid in global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat model. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1293-1309. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01670-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhu X, Luo J, Liu Y, Chen G, Liu S, Ruan Q, Deng X, Wang D, Fan Q, Pan X. Screen-imaging guidance using a modified portable video macroscope for middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neural Regen Res 2012; 7:912-6. [PMID: 25722675 PMCID: PMC4341286 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of operating microscopes is limited by the focal length. Surgeons using these instruments cannot simultaneously view and access the surgical field and must choose one or the other. The longer focal length (more than 1 000 mm) of an operating telescope permits a position away from the operating field, above the surgeon and out of the field of view. This gives the telescope an advantage over an operating microscope. We developed a telescopic system using screen-imaging guidance and a modified portable video macroscope constructed from a Computar MLH-10 × macro lens, a DFK-21AU04 USB CCD Camera and a Dell laptop computer as monitor screen. This system was used to establish a middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats. Results showed that magnification of the modified portable video macroscope was appropriate (5–20 ×) even though the Computar MLH-10 × macro lens was placed 800 mm away from the operating field rather than at the specified working distance of 152.4 mm with a zoom of 1–40 ×. The screen-imaging telescopic technique was clear, life-like, stereoscopic and matched the actual operation. Screen-imaging guidance led to an accurate, smooth, minimally invasive and comparatively easy surgical procedure. Success rate of the model establishment evaluated by neurological function using the modified neurological score system was 74.07%. There was no significant difference in model establishment time, sensorimotor deficit and infarct volume percentage. Our findings indicate that the telescopic lens is effective in the screen surgical operation mode referred to as “long distance observation and short distance operation” and that screen-imaging guidance using an modified portable video macroscope can be utilized for the establishment of a middle cerebral artery occlusion model and micro-neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Junli Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Guolong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qiangjin Ruan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xunding Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Dianchun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Quanshui Fan
- Disease Prevention & Control Centre, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Animal Experimental Centre, Department of Clinical Research, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
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Chauhan A, Sharma U, Jagannathan N, Reeta K, Gupta YK. Rapamycin protects against middle cerebral artery occlusion induced focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Behav Brain Res 2011; 225:603-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Senda DM, Franzin S, Mori MA, Oliveira RMWD, Milani H. Acute, post-ischemic sensorimotor deficits correlate positively with infarct size but fail to predict its occurrence and magnitude after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Behav Brain Res 2011; 216:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 06/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Calloni RL, Winkler BC, Ricci G, Poletto MG, Homero WM, Serafini EP, Corleta OC. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats as an experimental model of brain ischemia. Acta Cir Bras 2010; 25:428-33. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502010000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess a rat model of cerebral ischemia induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and its effect on the area of cerebral infarction. METHODS: Brain ischemia was induced in 52 male Wistar rats by introduction of a 3-0 nylon suture into the middle cerebral artery for either 90 (n=28) or 120 (n=24) minutes. Ischemic injury volume was determined by TTC staining, digital photography and analysis with the Image J software. Statistical analysis employed Student’s t test and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The groups were similar in terms of weight (p=0.59). The length of thread inserted was 14.7 mm in the 90 min group and 20.2 mm in the 120 min group (p=0.37). Ischemic injury was detected in 11 animals (39%) after 90 min and 11 (45%) after 120 min (p=0.77). In animals exhibiting injury, filament length was 16.1±11 mm (90 min) vs. 21.9±7.4 mm (120 min) (p=0.15). The mean infarction zone volume was greater after 120 (259.2 mm³) than after 90 min (162.9 mm³) (p=0.04). The neurological deficit score for the 90 and 120 min groups was 2.0 and 2.4, respectively (p=0.84). CONCLUSION: The experimental model induced significant ischemic cerebral injury in both groups.
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Chang R, Algird A, Bau C, Rathbone MP, Jiang S. Neuroprotective effects of guanosine on stroke models in vitro and in vivo. Neurosci Lett 2008; 431:101-5. [PMID: 18191898 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Revised: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Deprivation of oxygen and glucose for 5h induces apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell cultures. After combined glucose and oxygen deprivation (CGOD) addition of guanosine (100 microM), a non-adenine-based purine nucleoside, significantly reduced the proportion of cells undergoing apoptosis. To determine whether guanosine was also neuroprotective in vivo, we undertook middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) on male Wistar rats and administered guanosine (8mg/kg), intraperitoneally, or saline (vehicle control) daily for 7 days. Guanosine prolonged rat survival and decreased both neurological deficits and tissue damage resulting from MCAo. These data are the first to demonstrate that guanosine protects neurons from the effects of CGOD even when administered 5h after the stimulus, and is neuroprotective in experimental stroke in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, 4N71B, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
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Regan HK, Detwiler TJ, Huang JC, Lynch JJ, Regan CP. An improved automated method to quantitate infarct volume in triphenyltetrazolium stained rat brain sections. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2007; 56:339-43. [PMID: 17596972 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2007.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 05/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The identification of acute neuroprotectants relies heavily on rodent stroke models. It is well know that some of the more common models used can exhibit a relatively high degree of inter animal variability. This necessitates the need to increase the sample size per group and to run concomitant positive and negative control groups with each study in order to increase the consistency and reproducibility of the model. As such, one aspect of these studies that has become more labor intensive is the measurement of infarct volume post study. METHODS Herein, we describe a simple method to determine stroke infarct volume in triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) stained brain sections utilizing an automated set of routines using standard software. The method was first validated by determining the correlation of infarct volumes derived from the manual measurements vs the automated method for the same samples across a wide range of infarcts. RESULTS This comparison resulted in a significant correlation (r=0.99) indicating that the automated method was a valid method to assess infarct volume across a wide range in lesion volumes. Next, the automated infarct analysis tool was used to determine the effect of (+)-MK801, a well known neuroprotectant, on infarct volume after cerebral ischemia. This study demonstrated a significant reduction in infarct volume in (+)-MK801 treated rats. DISCUSSION These data demonstrate a simple, accurate automated routine to measure lesion volume in TTC stained sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary K Regan
- Department of Stroke and Neurodegeneration, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
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de Lima KCM, Schilichting CLR, Junior LAC, da Silva FM, Benetoli A, Milani H. TheGinkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, fails to reduce brain infarct size in rats after transient, middle cerebral artery occlusion in conditions of unprevented, ischemia-induced fever. Phytother Res 2006; 20:438-43. [PMID: 16619358 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is much biochemical evidence, but very few studies in animal models of stroke in vivo, to suggest that Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) may offer neuroprotection against regional, ischemic brain damage; additional investigations are needed to ensure future clinical trials. This study reports the effects of EGb 761 given acutely or chronically before ischemia. Rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h and the brain infarct size was assessed 24 h later. Dipyrone (100 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected 30 min before ischemia, and 2.5 and 5.5 h after ischemia, to reduce ischemia-induced fever. EGb 761 (Tebonin) was given acutely (200 mg/kg, p.o., 60 min before ischemia) or chronically (100 mg/kg, p.o., once daily, for 14 days before ischemia). Acute or chronic treatment with EGb 761, either alone or in combination with dipyrone, did not reduce the infarct size compared with saline alone (p > 0.05). Dipyrone failed to prevent ischemia-induced fever during the intra-ischemic period (p > 0.05 vs saline; p < 0.001 vs sham). In the reperfusion phase, dipyrone reduced fever to normothermic levels in the group treated acutely with EGb 761 (p < 0.01 vs saline, p > 0.05 vs sham) but not after chronic EGb 761 (p < 0.01 vs sham), indicating possible pharmacokinetic interaction. In conclusion, within the context of unprevented, ischemia-induced fever, the present results demonstrate that EGb 761 has no significant effect on brain infarct size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keli Carina Miltus de Lima
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Health Science Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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