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Wang L, Luo J, Li Y, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Tian B, Zhao Z, Hu QY. Mitochondrial-Associated Protein LRPPRC is Related With Poor Prognosis Potentially and Exerts as an Oncogene Via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 12:817672. [PMID: 35237297 PMCID: PMC8885106 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.817672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The mitochondrial-associated protein leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing (LRPPRC) exerts multiple functions involved in physiological processes, including mitochondrial gene translation, cell cycle progression, and tumorigenesis. Previously, LRPPRC was reported to regulate mitophagy by interacting with Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 and thus modifying the activation of PI3KCIII and autophagy. Considering that LRPPRC was found to be negatively associated with survival rate, we hypothesize that LRPPRC may be involved in pancreatic cancer progression via its regulation of autophagy. Methods: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression of LRPPRC in 90 paired pancreatic cancer and adjacent tissues and five pancreatic cancer cell lines. Mitochondrial reactive oxidative species level and function were measured. Mitophagy was measured by performing to detect LC3 levels. Results: By performing a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the association of LRPPRC with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer was established, and pancreatic cancer tissues had significantly higher LRPPRC expression than adjacent tissues. LRPPRC was negatively associated with the overall survival rate. LRPPRC was also upregulated in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Knockdown of LRPPRC promoted reactive oxidative species accumulation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, promoted autophagy/mitophagy, and induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Subsequently, knockdown of LRPPRC inhibited malignant behaviors in PANC-1 cells, including proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor formation, and chemoresistance to gemcitabine. Finally, by inhibiting autophagy/mitophagy using 3-MA, the inhibitory effect of LRPPRC knockdown on proliferation was reversed. Conclusion: Taken together, our results indicate that LRPPRC may act as an oncogene via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and could be used as a predictive marker for patient prognosis in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Luo
- School of Medicine, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bole Tian
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ziyi Zhao, ; Qiong-ying Hu,
| | - Qiong-ying Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ziyi Zhao, ; Qiong-ying Hu,
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Colloca G. Performance status as prognostic factor in phase III trials of first-line chemotherapy of unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer: A trial-level meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 18:232-239. [PMID: 34161667 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
For patients with unresectable or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC), there are no standardized prognostic and predictive factors beyond performance status (PS). A poor PS, as defined by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 2 or more, has been related with a detrimental effect of chemotherapy. Therefore, even more trials enrolled patients with good PS. The current analysis aims to evaluate the results of PS as a prognostic factor in phase III trials of patients with mPDAC receiving first-line chemotherapy. A literature search on two databases, from 2000 to 2019, and a further selection of clinical trials were performed by predefined criteria. Twelve phase III studies have been included in the analysis: the trials, enrolling 5619 patients, confirmed the worse prognosis of patients with higher ECOG PS scores (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-1.74; p-value < 0.001), and a similar trend was evident for patients with an ECOG PS 1 versus 0 (HR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.43-1.80; p-value < 0.001) in six studies, enrolling 2799 patients. Heterogeneity of trials was high, with I2 = 91%. Some possible moderators have been suggested, such as the number of drugs in the chemotherapy regimen and the male gender. In conclusion, a low ECOG PS score appears to be related with a longer survival even in trials that excluded patients with an ECOG PS 2 score, but the meta-analyses reported high heterogeneity and publication bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Colloca
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale Civile di Sanremo, Sanremo, Italy
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Higuchi T, Kawaguchi K, Miyake K, Oshiro H, Zhang Z, Razmjooei S, Wangsiricharoen S, Igarashi K, Yamamoto N, Hayashi K, Kimura H, Miwa S, Nelson SD, Dry SM, Li Y, Chawla SP, Eilber FC, Singh SR, Tsuchiya H, Hoffman RM. The combination of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel as a novel effective treatment strategy for undifferentiated soft-tissue sarcoma in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:835-840. [PMID: 30616082 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated/unclassified soft-tissue sarcomas (USTS) is recalcitrant neoplasms that is usually treated with doxorubicin (DOX)-containing regimens as first-line therapy. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) is a nanotechnology-based drug and is widely used in pancreatic cancer in combination with gemcitabine (GEM). The major goal of the present study was to determine the efficacy of nab-PTX in combination with GEM, compared to conventional drugs such as docetaxel (DOC), GEM combined with DOC, or first-line drug DOX on a USTS not-otherwise specified (USTS/NOS) from a striated muscle implanted in the right biceps femoris muscle of nude mice to establish a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model. USTS PDOX models were randomized into six groups: untreated control; DOX; DOC; nab-PTX; GEM combined with DOC; and GEM combined with nab-PTX. Tumor size and body weight were measured. Tumor growth was inhibited to the greatest extent by GEM combined with nab-PTX. Tumors treated with GEM combined with nab-PTX had the most necrosis. Body weight of the treated mice was not significantly different from the untreated controls. The present study demonstrates the power of the PDOX model to identify a novel effective treatment strategy of the combination of GEM and nab-PTX for recalcitrant soft-tissue sarcomas. These results suggest that combination of GEM and nab-PTX could be a promising therapeutic strategy for USTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Higuchi
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kei Kawaguchi
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kentaro Miyake
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hiromichi Oshiro
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Kentaro Igarashi
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Miwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Scott D Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah M Dry
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Frederick C Eilber
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shree Ram Singh
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Kalaydina RV, Bajwa K, Qorri B, Decarlo A, Szewczuk MR. Recent advances in "smart" delivery systems for extended drug release in cancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4727-4745. [PMID: 30154657 PMCID: PMC6108334 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s168053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanomedicine have become indispensable for targeted drug delivery, early detection, and increasingly personalized approaches to cancer treatment. Nanoparticle-based drug-delivery systems have overcome some of the limitations associated with traditional cancer-therapy administration, such as reduced drug solubility, chemoresistance, systemic toxicity, narrow therapeutic indices, and poor oral bioavailability. Advances in the field of nanomedicine include “smart” drug delivery, or multiple levels of targeting, and extended-release drug-delivery systems that provide additional methods of overcoming these limitations. More recently, the idea of combining smart drug delivery with extended-release has emerged in hopes of developing highly efficient nanoparticles with improved delivery, bioavailability, and safety profiles. Although functionalized and extended-release drug-delivery systems have been studied extensively, there remain gaps in the literature concerning their application in cancer treatment. We aim to provide an overview of smart and extended-release drug-delivery systems for the delivery of cancer therapies, as well as to introduce innovative advancements in nanoparticle design incorporating these principles. With the growing need for increasingly personalized medicine in cancer treatment, smart extended-release nanoparticles have the potential to enhance chemotherapy delivery, patient adherence, and treatment outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Komal Bajwa
- Postgraduate Medical Education, Graduate Diploma and Professional Master in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University
| | - Bessi Qorri
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University,
| | | | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University,
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