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Chan PF, Ang KP, Hamid RA. Cytotoxicity of bismuth(III) dithiocarbamate derivatives by promoting a mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway and suppressing MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cell invasion. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024:10.1007/s00775-023-02041-x. [PMID: 38369679 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported that the bismuth(III) dithiocarbamate derivative, bismuth diethyldithiocarbamate (1) exhibited greater cytotoxicity while inducing apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway in MCF-7 cells. We further evaluated the other bismuth(III) dithiocarbamate derivatives, Bi[S2CNR]3, with R = (CH2CH2OH)(iPr), (CH2)4, and (CH2CH2OH)(CH3), denoted as 2, 3, and 4, respectively, in the same MCF-7 cell line. 2-4 were found to exhibit IC50 values of 10.33 ± 0.06 µM, 1.07 ± 0.01 µM and 25.37 ± 0.12 µM, respectively, compared to that of cisplatin at 30.53 ± 0.23 µM. Apoptotic promotion via the mitochondrial-dependent pathway was due to the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), promotion of caspases, release of cytochrome c, fragmentation of DNA, and results of staining assay observed in all compound-treated cells. 2-4 are also capable of suppressing MCF-7 cell invasion and modulate Lys-48 also Lys-63 linked polyubiquitination, leading to proteasomal degradation. Analysis of gene expression via qRT-PCR revealed their modulation, which supported all activities conducted upon treatment with 2-4. Altogether, bismuth dithiocarbamate derivatives, with bismuth(III) as the metal center bound to ligands, isopropyl ethanol, pyrrolidine, and methyl ethanol dithiocarbamate, are potential anti-breast cancer agents that induce apoptosis and suppress metastasis. Further studies using other breast cancer cell lines and in vivo studies are recommended to clarify the anticancer effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pit Foong Chan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kok Pian Ang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roslida Abd Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Kim J, Hwang KW, Lee HJ, Kim HS. Systematic Analysis of Cellular Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Targets for SLC45A3:ERG Fusion-Positive Prostate Cancer. J Pers Med 2022; 12. [PMID: 36579559 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ETS-related gene (ERG) fusion affects prostate cancer depending on the degree of expression of ERG. Solute Carrier Family 45 Member 3 (SLC45A3) is the second-most common 5′ partner gene of ERG rearrangement. However, the molecular pathological features of SLC45A3:ERG (S:E) fusion and therapeutic methods have not been studied at all. S:E fusion-positive cancers (n = 10) were selected from the Tumor Fusion Gene Data Portal website. Fusion-negative cancers (n = 50) were selected by sorting ERG expression level in descending order and selecting the bottom to 50th sample. Totally, 1325 ERG correlated genes were identified by a Pearson correlation test using over 0.3 of absolute correlation coefficiency (|R| > 0.3). Pathway analysis was performed using over-representation analysis of correlated genes, and seven cancer-related pathways (focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/PI3K-Akt, JAK-STAT, Notch, receptor tyrosine kinase/PDGF, TGF-β, VEGFA, and Wnt signaling) were identified. In particular, focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/PI3K-Akt signaling and JAK-STAT signaling were significantly enriched in S:E fusion-positive prostate cancer. We further identified therapeutic targets and candidate drugs for S:E fusion-positive prostate cancer using gene−drug network analysis. Interestingly, PDGFRA and PDGFRB were the most frequently predicted therapeutic targets, and imatinib targeted both genes. In this study, we provide extensive information on cellular signaling pathways involved in S:E fusion-positive prostate cancer and also suggest therapeutic methods.
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Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and aggressive radioactive iodine refractory thyroid carcinomas still lack an effective treatment. A deeper understanding of tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment will be critical to establishing new therapeutic approaches. One of the important influencing factors of tumor heterogeneity is the diversity of cells in the tumor microenvironment. Among these are pericytes, which play an important role in blood vessel stability and angiogenesis, as well as tumor growth and metastasis. Pericytes also have stem cell-like properties and are a heterogeneous cell population, and their lineage, which has been challenging to define, may impact tumor resistance at different tumor stages. Pericytes are also important stroma cell types in the angiogenic microenvironment which express tyrosine-kinase (TK) pathways (e.g., PDGFR-β). Although TK inhibitors (TKI) and BRAFV600E inhibitors are currently used in the clinic for thyroid cancer, their efficacy is not durable and drug resistance often develops. Characterizing the range of distinct pericyte populations and distinguishing them from other perivascular cell types may enable the identification of their specific functions in the thyroid carcinoma vasculature. This remains an essential step in developing new therapeutic strategies. Also, assessing whether thyroid tumors hold immature and/or mature vasculature with pericyte populations coverage may be key to predicting tumor response to either targeted or anti-angiogenesis therapies. It is also critical to apply different markers in order to identify pericyte populations and characterize their cell lineage. This chapter provides an overview of pericyte ontogenesis and the lineages of diverse cell populations. We also discuss the role(s) and targeting of pericytes in thyroid carcinoma, as well as their potential impact on precision targeted therapies and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asumi Iesato
- Human Thyroid Cancers Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Division of Experimental Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Vascular Biology Research (CVBR), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carmelo Nucera
- Human Thyroid Cancers Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Division of Experimental Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Center for Vascular Biology Research (CVBR), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Mazhari S, Gitiara A, Baghaei K, Hatami B, Rad RE, Asadirad A, Joharchi K, Tokhanbigli S, Hashemi SM, Łos MJ, Aghdaei HA, Zali MR, Ghavami S. Therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and imatinib in a rat model of liver fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173263. [PMID: 32535098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considering the global increase in the prevalence of hepatic fibrosis and ineffective disease treatment, novel therapies are urgently needed. The current study is focused on comparing the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)/imatinib combination therapy to single (MSCs or imatinib) therapy, in a rat model of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced liver fibrosis. Using rats, hepatic fibrosis was induced by injection of CCL4. Rats were divided into 5 groups: CCL4-induced hepatic fibrosis, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) treatment (vehicle control), Bone marrow-MSCs (BM_MSCs), imatinib, and bone marrow-MSCs/imatinib co-treatment. The therapeutic impact of these approaches was determined using histopathology, sirius-red staining, serum markers, and qRT-PCR for over expression of matrix components. IHC and Western blot were conducted for further confirmation of the results. Single treatment with MSCs or imatinib and the combination therapy, all significantly reduced serum levels of ALT, AST, and ALP concomitant with down-regulation of α-SMA, pro-collagen I, pro-collagen III, collagen IV, and laminin. A significant reduction of ECM components deposits and a decrease in α-SMA expression were detected in all treatment groups. Pathological observations demonstrated that 20% and 40% of the rats in the MSC and MSC/imatinib group were in grade F0 respectively, while 80% of the rats of the imatinib group were in grade 2. Even though all treatment strategies studied resulted in an equally potent reduction in the mRNA and protein expression levels of pro-fibrotic markers, in aspect of pathological observations, our results demonstrate the highest therapeutic potential of utilizing combination of BM-MSCs and imatinib.
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Kim JL, Lee DH, Jeong S, Kim BR, Na YJ, Park SH, Jo MJ, Jeong YA, Oh SC. Imatinib‑induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells is mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:1616-1626. [PMID: 30569109 PMCID: PMC6365688 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib is a powerful tyrosine kinase inhibitor that specifically targets BCR-ABL, c-KIT, and PDGFR kinases, and is used in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and other types of cancers. However, the possible anticancer effects of imatinib in gastric cancer have not yet been explored. The present study evaluated the in vitro effects of imatinib on gastric cancer cells and determined the molecular mechanism underlying these effects. We determined that imatinib induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). We also found that imatinib suppressed cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis revealed that imatinib-treated AGS cells were arrested in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, imatinib-treated cells exhibited increased levels of phosphorylated JNK, and of the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein, an ER stress-associated apoptotic molecule. Results of cell viability assays revealed that treatment with a combination of imatinib and chemotherapy agents irinotecan or 5-Fu synergistically inhibited cell growth, compared with treatment with any of these drugs alone. These data indicated that imatinib exerted cytotoxic effects on gastric cancer cells by inducing apoptosis mediated by reactive oxygen species generation and ER stress-associated JNK activation. Furthermore, we revealed that imatinib induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling. Collectively, our results strongly support the use of imatinib in the treatment of treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Lim Kim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Na
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Park
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jee Jo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon A Jeong
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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Jitariu AA, Raica M, Cîmpean AM, Suciu SC. The role of PDGF-B/PDGFR-BETA axis in the normal development and carcinogenesis of the breast. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 131:46-52. [PMID: 30293705 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PDGFs/PDGFRs axis is documented as an important tumor-promoting agent and potential therapeutic target for several human carcinomas, including breast cancer. However, little is known about the role played by the PDGF family members in the normal development of the breast tissue, breast carcinogenesis and tumor-microenvironment dynamics Despite its potent pro-lymphangiogenic effects, PDGF-B/PDGFR-beta axis remains controversial and incompletely elucidated in the field of breast cancer, with emphasis to its differential implications in breast cancer molecular subtypes. Although some data are available concerning this aspect, little or no information is found regarding the role of the PDGF-B/PDGFR-beta axis in rare and aggressive types of breast cancers, such as triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and its associated subtypes This review attempted to gather as many data as possible concerning PDGFs family members in the normal breast tissue and in breast carcinogenesis with special focus on their role in diagnosis and therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Andreea Jitariu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Anca Maria Cîmpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania.
| | - Silviu Cristian Suciu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
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Meirson T, Genna A, Lukic N, Makhnii T, Alter J, Sharma VP, Wang Y, Samson AO, Condeelis JS, Gil-Henn H. Targeting invadopodia-mediated breast cancer metastasis by using ABL kinase inhibitors. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22158-22183. [PMID: 29774130 PMCID: PMC5955141 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor and their spread to distant sites in the body is the leading cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. While researchers have identified treatments that shrink or slow metastatic tumors, no treatment that permanently eradicates metastasis exists at present. Here, we show that the ABL kinase inhibitors imatinib, nilotinib, and GNF-5 impede invadopodium precursor formation and cortactin-phosphorylation dependent invadopodium maturation, leading to decreased actin polymerization in invadopodia, reduced extracellular matrix degradation, and impaired matrix proteolysis-dependent invasion. Using a mouse xenograft model we demonstrate that, while primary tumor size is not affected by ABL kinase inhibitors, the in vivo matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, tumor cell invasion, and consequent spontaneous metastasis to lungs are significantly impaired in inhibitor-treated mice. Further proteogenomic analysis of breast cancer patient databases revealed co-expression of the Abl-related gene (Arg) and cortactin across all hormone- and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-receptor status tumors, which correlates synergistically with distant metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Our findings establish a prognostic value for Arg and cortactin as predictors of metastatic dissemination and suggest that therapeutic inhibition of ABL kinases may be used for blocking breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Meirson
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel.,Drug Discovery Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Alessandro Genna
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Nikola Lukic
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Tetiana Makhnii
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Joel Alter
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Ved P Sharma
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Abraham O Samson
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - John S Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Hava Gil-Henn
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
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Malki WH, Gouda AM, Ali HEA, Al-Rousan R, Samaha D, Abdalla AN, Bustamante J, Abd Elmageed ZY, Ali HI. Structural-based design, synthesis, and antitumor activity of novel alloxazine analogues with potential selective kinase inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:31-52. [PMID: 29684708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases are promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Here, we applied multiple approaches to optimize the potency and selectivity of our reported alloxazine scaffold. Flexible moieties at position 2 of the hetero-tricyclic system were incorporated to fit into the ATP binding site and extend to the adjacent allosteric site and selectively inhibit protein kinases. This design led to potential selective inhibition of ABL1, CDK1/Cyclin A1, FAK, and SRC kinase by 30-59%. Cytotoxicity was improved by ∼50 times for the optimized lead (10b; IC50 = 40 nM) against breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. Many compounds revealed potential cytotoxicity against ovarian (A2780) and colon carcinoma (HCT116) cells of ∼10-30 time improvement (IC50 5-17 nM). The results of the Annexin-V/PI apoptotic assay demonstrated that many compounds induced significantly early (89-146%) and a dramatically late (556-1180%) cell death in comparison to the vehicle control of MCF-7 cells. SAR indicated that 5-deazaalloxazines have a higher selectivity for Abl-1 and FAK kinases than alloxazines. The correlations between GoldScore fitness into FAK and SRC kinases and IC50 against MCF-7 and A2780 cells were considerable (R2: 0.86-0.98).
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed H Malki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA
| | - Ahmed M Gouda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Hamdy E A Ali
- Rangel College of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, United States
| | - Rabaa Al-Rousan
- The Ben and Maytee Fisch College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, United States
| | - Doaa Samaha
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, Berlin 12489, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA
| | - Juan Bustamante
- Rangel College of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, United States
| | - Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed
- Rangel College of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, United States
| | - Hamed I Ali
- Rangel College of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
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Kanaan R, Strange C. Use of multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors to attenuate platelet-derived growth factor signalling in lung disease. Eur Respir Rev 2017; 26:26/146/170061. [PMID: 29070579 PMCID: PMC9488848 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0061-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) play a fundamental role in the embryonic development of the lung. Aberrant PDGF signalling has been documented convincingly in a large variety of pulmonary diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, lung cancer and lung fibrosis. Targeting PDGF signalling has been proven to be effective in these diseases. In clinical practice, the most effective way to block PDGF signalling is to inhibit the activity of the intracellular PDGFR kinases. Although the mechanism of action of such drugs is not specific for PDGF signalling, the medications have a broad therapeutic index that allows clinical use. The safety profile and therapeutic opportunities of these and future medications that target PDGFs and PDGFRs are reviewed. An increasing role for PDGF signalling inhibitors in clinical trials for the treatment of various pulmonary diseaseshttp://ow.ly/buaI30f9HcN
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Kanaan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Charlie Strange
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Zafarnia S, Bzyl-Ibach J, Spivak I, Li Y, Koletnik S, Doleschel D, Rix A, Pochon S, Tardy I, Koyadan S, van Zandvoort M, Palmowski M, Kiessling F, Lederle W. Nilotinib Enhances Tumor Angiogenesis and Counteracts VEGFR2 Blockade in an Orthotopic Breast Cancer Xenograft Model with Desmoplastic Response. Neoplasia 2017; 19:896-907. [PMID: 28938160 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-targeted therapies predominantly affect nascent, immature tumor vessels. Since platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) blockade inhibits vessel maturation and thus increases the amount of immature tumor vessels, we evaluated whether the combined PDGFR inhibition by nilotinib and VEGFR2 blockade by DC101 has synergistic therapy effects in a desmoplastic breast cancer xenograft model. In this context, besides immunohistological evaluation, molecular ultrasound imaging with BR55, the clinically used VEGFR2-targeted microbubbles, was applied to monitor VEGFR2-positive vessels noninvasively and to assess the therapy effects on tumor angiogenesis. DC101 treatment alone inhibited tumor angiogenesis, resulting in lower tumor growth and in significantly lower vessel density than in the control group after 14 days of therapy. In contrast, nilotinib inhibited vessel maturation but enhanced VEGFR2 expression, leading to markedly increased tumor volumes and a significantly higher vessel density. The combination of both drugs led to an almost similar tumor growth as in the DC101 treatment group, but VEGFR2 expression and microvessel density were higher and comparable to the controls. Further analyses revealed significantly higher levels of tumor cell–derived VEGF in nilotinib-treated tumors. In line with this, nilotinib, especially in low doses, induced an upregulation of VEGF and IL-6 mRNA in the tumor cells in vitro, thus providing an explanation for the enhanced angiogenesis observed in nilotinib-treated tumors in vivo. These findings suggest that nilotinib inhibits vessel maturation but counteracts the effects of antiangiogenic co-therapy by enhancing VEGF expression by the tumor cells and stimulating tumor angiogenesis.
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Chen C, Wu J, Zhu P, Xu C, Yao L. Investigating isoquinoline derivatives for inhibition of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins for ovarian cancer treatment. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:2697-2707. [PMID: 28979099 PMCID: PMC5602439 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s137608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective To discover novel isoquinoline derivatives for inhibition of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Methods We first synthesized 533 isoquinoline derivatives, and screened them using CCK-8 to measure their antiproliferative activity. These compounds were further tested by Hoechst staining and flow cytometric analysis to assess proapoptotic activity. The in vivo antitumor efficacy and safety of the screened compounds were evaluated on the xenograft mouse model. Ki-67 staining and TUNEL assay were used to evaluate proliferation and apoptosis in the resected tumors, respectively. Western blot and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were conducted to evaluate the levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), caspase-3, PARP, and IAP in resected tumors. Results Compound B01002 and C26001 displayed antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity on SKOV3 ovarian cancer with an IC50 of 7.65 and 11.68 µg/mL, respectively. Both compounds inhibited tumor growth in a xenografted mouse model with good safety profiles, and tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of B01002 and C26001 was 99.53% and 84.23%, respectively. Resected tumors showed that both compounds inhibited tumor cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vivo. Caspase-3 and PARP were activated, whereas IAP proteins were downregulated at the protein level. Conclusion Compound B01002 and C26001 could inhibit ovarian tumor growth and promote tumor apoptosis, partly by downregulating the IAPs, and, thus, might be promising candidates for treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shangyu City Hospital, Shangyu, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases
| | - Liangqing Yao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases
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Jiao Y, Preston S, Koehler AV, Stroehlein AJ, Chang BCH, Simpson KJ, Cowley KJ, Palmer MJ, Laleu B, Wells TNC, Jabbar A, Gasser RB. Screening of the 'Stasis Box' identifies two kinase inhibitors under pharmaceutical development with activity against Haemonchus contortus. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:323. [PMID: 28679424 PMCID: PMC5499055 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In partnership with the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), we screened a collection (‘Stasis Box’) of 400 compounds (which have been in clinical development but have not been approved for illnesses other than neglected infectious diseases) for inhibitory activity against Haemonchus contortus, in order to attempt to repurpose some of the compounds to parasitic nematodes. Methods We assessed the inhibition of compounds on the motility and/or development of exsheathed third-stage (xL3s) and fourth-stage (L4) larvae of H. contortus using a whole-organism screening assay. Results In the primary screen, we identified compound MMV690767 (also known as SNS-032) that inhibited xL3 motility by ~70% at a concentration of 20 μM after 72 h as well as compound MMV079840 (also known as AG-1295), which induced a coiled xL3 phenotype, with ~50% inhibition on xL3 motility. Subsequently, we showed that SNS-032 (IC50 = 12.4 μM) and AG-1295 (IC50 = 9.92 ± 1.86 μM) had a similar potency to inhibit xL3 motility. Although neither SNS-032 nor AG-1295 had a detectable inhibitory activity on L4 motility, both compounds inhibited L4 development (IC50 values = 41.24 μM and 7.75 ± 0.94 μM for SNS-032 and AG-1295, respectively). The assessment of the two compounds for toxic effects on normal human breast epithelial (MCF10A) cells revealed that AG-1295 had limited cytotoxicity (IC50 > 100 μM), whereas SNS-032 was quite toxic to the epithelial cells (IC50 = 1.27 μM). Conclusions Although the two kinase inhibitors, SNS-032 and AG-1295, had moderate inhibitory activity on the motility or development of xL3s or L4s of H. contortus in vitro, further work needs to be undertaken to chemically alter these entities to achieve the potency and selectivity required for them to become nematocidal or nematostatic candidates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2246-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Jiao
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah Preston
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Anson V Koehler
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Andreas J Stroehlein
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Bill C H Chang
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kaylene J Simpson
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karla J Cowley
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J Palmer
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), Route de Pré-Bois 20, CH-1215, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Laleu
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), Route de Pré-Bois 20, CH-1215, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Timothy N C Wells
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), Route de Pré-Bois 20, CH-1215, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Cabral BLS, da Silva ACG, de Ávila RI, Cortez AP, Luzin RM, Lião LM, de Souza Gil E, Sanz G, Vaz BG, Sabino JR, Menegatti R, Valadares MC. A novel chalcone derivative, LQFM064, induces breast cancer cells death via p53, p21, KIT and PDGFRA. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:1-15. [PMID: 28627468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study shows the design, synthesis and antitumoral potential evaluation of a novel chalcone-like compound, (E)-3- (3, 5-di-ter-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one [LQFM064) (4)], against human breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 cells. Some toxicological parameters were also investigated. LQFM064) (4) exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cells (IC50=21μM), in a concentration dependent-manner, and triggered significant changes in cell morphology and biochemical/molecular parameters, which are suggestive of an apoptosis inductor. LQFM064) (4) (21μM) induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase with increased p53 and p21 expressions. It was also shown that the compound (4) did not interfere directly in p53/MDM2 complexation of MCF7 cells. In these cells, externalization of phosphatidylserine, cytochrome c release, increased expression of caspases-7, -8 and -9, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS overgeneration were also detected following LQFM064 (4) treatment. Further analysis revealed the activation of both apoptotic pathways via modulation of the proteins involved in the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways with an increase in TNF-R1, Fas-L and Bax levels and a reduction in Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase, insulin-like growth factor (IGF1) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRA) were downregulated, while glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) expressions were increased by LQFM064 (4)-triggered cytotoxic effects in MCF7 cells. Moreover, it can be inferred that compound (4) has a moderate acute oral systemic toxicity hazard, since its estimated LD50 was 452.50mg/kg, which classifies it as UN GHS Category 4 (300mg/kg>LD50<2000mg/kg). Furthermore, LQFM064 (4) showed a reduced potential myelotoxicity (IC50=150μM for mouse bone marrow hematopoietic progenitors). In conclusion, LQFM064 (4) was capable of inducing breast cancer cells death via different cytotoxic pathways. Thus, it is a promising alternative for the treatment of neoplasias, especially in terms of the drug resistance development.
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