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Li S, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Wang K, Sui M, Liu D, Liang K. Lenvatinib‑based treatment regimens in conversion therapy of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:265. [PMID: 38659422 PMCID: PMC11040543 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Conversion therapy provides patients with unresectable HCC (uHCC) the opportunity to undergo radical treatment and achieve long-term survival. Despite accumulating evidence regarding the efficacy of conversion therapy, the optimal treatment approach for such therapy remains uncertain. Lenvatinib (LEN) has shown efficacy and tolerable rates of adverse events (AEs) when applied in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or locoregional therapy (LRT) over the past decade. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was performed to systematically assess the safety and efficacy of LEN-based treatment regimens in conversion therapies for uHCC. Data on outcomes, including the conversion rate, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and AE incidence in patients with uHCC, were collected. A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases, up to the date of September 1, 2023. In total, 16 studies, encompassing a total of 1,650 cases of uHCC, were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled conversion rates for LEN alone, LEN + ICI, LEN + LRT and LEN + ICI + LRT were calculated to be 0.04 (95% CI, 0.00-0.07; I2=77%), 0.23 (95% CI, 0.16-0.30; I2=66%), 0.14 (95% CI, 0.10-0.18; I2=0%) and 0.35 (95% CI, 0.23-0.47; I2=88%), respectively. The pooled ORRs for LEN alone, LEN + ICI, LEN + LRT and LEN + ICI + LRT were found to be 0.45 (95% CI, 0.23-0.67; I2=96%), 0.49 (95% CI, 0.39-0.60; I2=78%), 0.43 (95% CI, 0.24-0.62; I2=88%) and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.56-0.82; I2=92%), respectively. The pooled DCRs for LEN alone, LEN + ICI, LEN + LRT and LEN + ICI + LRT were observed to be 0.77 (95% CI, 0.73-0.81; I2=23%), 0.82 (95% CI, 0.69-0.95; I2=90%), 0.67 (95% CI, 0.39-0.94; I2=94%) and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82-0.93; I2=67%), respectively. The pooled grade ≥3 AEs for LEN alone, LEN + ICI, LEN + LRT and LEN + ICI + LRT were 0.25 (95% CI, 0.14-0.36; I2=89%), 0.43 (95% CI, 0.34-0.53; I2=23%), 0.42 (95% CI, 0.19-0.66; I2=81%) and 0.35 (95% CI, 0.17-0.54; I2=94%), respectively. These findings suggested that LEN-based combination strategies may confer efficacy and acceptable tolerability for patients with uHCC. In particular, LEN + ICI, with or without LRT, appears to represent a highly effective conversion regimen, with an acceptable conversion rate and well-characterized safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saixin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Kenan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Minghao Sui
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Dongbin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Kuo Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
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Gao B, Yang F, Zheng D, Hu S, Liu J, Liu H, Liu Y, Liu L, Wang R, Zhao Y, Cui C, Fang C, Yang J, Su S, Han Y, Yang X, Li B. Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:2265-2276. [PMID: 38107541 PMCID: PMC10725696 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s443041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) (triple therapy) compared to TACE alone (monotherapy) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Material and Methods Data of consecutive advanced HCC patients receiving triple therapy or monotherapy at our center between January 2019 and December 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) and subgroup analyses were performed to reduce the bias between the two groups. The primary outcomes of the study were the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary outcomes were the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Results A total of 104 patients were enrolled in this study: 41 in the triple therapy group and 63 in the monotherapy group. After PSM analysis, each group included 37 patients. The median OS and PFS were significantly longer in the triple therapy group than in the monotherapy group in the whole cohort (median OS, 18.8 vs 11.7 months, P = 0.022; median PFS, 10.5 vs 6.4 months, P = 0.012) and after PSM (median OS, 19.6 vs 12.5 months, P = 0.030; median PFS, 10.5 vs 6.7 months, P = 0.008). Furthermore, the treatment modality was an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.449, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.240-0.840, P = 0.012) and PFS (HR: 0.406, 95% CI: 0.231-0.713, P = 0.002) according to the multivariate cox regression analysis. A greater ORR was also observed in the triple therapy group (ORR: 56.7% vs 32.4%, P = 0.035). No significant difference was observed in DCR between the two groups (83.7% vs 72.9%, P = 0.259). Conclusion The triple therapy was superior to the monotherapy regarding OS, PFS, and ORR of advanced HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjian Gao
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengyi Yang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongning Zheng
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Hu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - LinXin Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Su
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunwei Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
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