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Mukhopadhyay R, Bhaduri D, Sarkar B, Rusmin R, Hou D, Khanam R, Sarkar S, Kumar Biswas J, Vithanage M, Bhatnagar A, Ok YS. Clay-polymer nanocomposites: Progress and challenges for use in sustainable water treatment. J Hazard Mater 2020; 383:121125. [PMID: 31541959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Contaminant removal from water involves various technologies among which adsorption is considered to be simple, effective, economical, and sustainable. In recent years, nanocomposites prepared by combining clay minerals and polymers have emerged as a novel technology for cleaning contaminated water. Here, we provide an overview of various types of clay-polymer nanocomposites focusing on their synthesis processes, characteristics, and possible applications in water treatment. By evaluating various mechanisms and factors involved in the decontamination processes, we demonstrate that the nanocomposites can overcome the limitations of individual polymer and clay components such as poor specificity, pH dependence, particle size sensitivity, and low water wettability. We also discuss different regeneration and wastewater treatment options (e.g., membrane, coagulant, and barrier/columns) using clay-polymer nanocomposites. Finally, we provide an economic analysis of the use of these adsorbents and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | | | - Binoy Sarkar
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Ruhaida Rusmin
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Negeri Sembilan Branch, Kuala Pilah Campus, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rubina Khanam
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Subhas Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Loess clay (LC), a very abundant clay with granules and high hydrophilicity, was modified by surface grafting copolymerization of acrylate and styrene monomers with functional side groups, which afforded a LC surface grafting copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjun Lu
- Key Lab. Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Lab. Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
| | - Yufeng He
- Key Lab. Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Lab. Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
| | - Rong-Min Wang
- Key Lab. Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
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