1
|
Oka A, Hadano S, Ueda MT, Nakagawa S, Komaki G, Ando T. Rare CRHR2 and GRM8 variants identified as candidate factors associated with eating disorders in Japanese patients by whole exome sequencing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28643. [PMID: 38644811 PMCID: PMC11031761 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are a type of psychiatric disorder characterized by pathological eating and related behavior and considered to be highly heritable. The purpose of this study was to explore rare variants expected to display biological functions associated with the etiology of EDs. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of affected sib-pairs corresponding to disease subtype through their lifetime and their parents. From those results, rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) concordant with sib-pairs were extracted and estimated to be most deleterious in the examined families. Two non-synonymous SNVs located on corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) and glutamate metabotropic receptor 8 (GRM8) were identified as candidate disease susceptibility factors. The SNV of CRHR2 was included within the cholesterol binding motif of the transmembrane helix region, while the SNV of GRM8 was found to contribute to hydrogen bonds for an α-helix structure. CRHR2 plays important roles in the serotoninergic system of dorsal raphe nuclei, which is involved with feeding and stress-coping behavior, whereas GRM8 modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission. Moreover, GRM8 modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission, and is also considered to have effects on dopaminergic and adrenergic neurotransmission. Thus, identification of rare and deleterious variants in this study is expected to increase understanding and treatment of affected individuals. Further investigation regarding the biological function of these variants may provide an opportunity to elucidate the pathogenesis of EDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Oka
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Shinji Hadano
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
| | - Mahoko Takahashi Ueda
- Department of Genomic Function and Diversity, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
| | - Gen Komaki
- Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Momochihama, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0001, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ando
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Staudt M, Liu N, Malhaire F, Doroudian Y, Prézeau L, Renard E, Hasanpour Z, Pin JP, Bunch L. Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of conformationally restricted 2-amino-Adipic acid analogs and carboxycyclopropyl glycines as selective metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor agonists. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 266:116157. [PMID: 38245976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate (Glu) receptors (mGluRs) are G-protein coupled receptors, which play a central role in modulating excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, the development of tool compounds thereto, continues to interest the scientific community. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of new conformationally restricted 2-aminoadipic acid (2AA) 2-4, and glutamic acid 5, 6 analogs, which share the cyclopropane ring as the restrictor. The analogs were characterized at rat mGlu1-8 in an IP-One functional assay. While the 2AA analogs 3a, 4a and CCG-I analog 5a were shown to be selective mGlu2 agonists with low micromolar potencies, CCG-II analog 5b was shown to be a potent full agonist at mGlu2 (EC50 = 82 nM) with ∼15-fold selectivity over mGlu3, >25-fold selectivity over group III, and >60-fold selectivity over group I subtypes. An in silico study was performed to address this significant change (>3500 fold) in potency upon introduction of this methyl group (L-CCG-II vs 5b).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Staudt
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fanny Malhaire
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 34094, Montpellier, France
| | - Yasaman Doroudian
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laurent Prézeau
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 34094, Montpellier, France
| | - Emma Renard
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zahra Hasanpour
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 34094, Montpellier, France
| | - Lennart Bunch
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu N, Eshak F, Malhaire F, Brabet I, Prézeau L, Renard E, Pin JP, Acher FC, Staudt M, Bunch L. Design, Synthesis, Pharmacology, and In Silico Studies of (1 S,2 S,3 S)-2-(( S)-Amino(carboxy)methyl)-3-(carboxymethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid (LBG30300): A Picomolar Potency Subtype-Selective mGlu 2 Receptor Agonist. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1314-1326. [PMID: 38170918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (Glu) receptors (mGlu receptors) play a key role in modulating excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we report the structure-based design and pharmacological evaluation of densely functionalized, conformationally restricted glutamate analogue (1S,2S,3S)-2-((S)-amino(carboxy)methyl)-3-(carboxymethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (LBG30300). LBG30300 was synthesized in a stereocontrolled fashion in nine steps from a commercially available optically active epoxide. Functional characterization of all eight mGlu receptor subtypes showed that LBG30300 is a picomolar agonist at mGlu2 with excellent selectivity over mGlu3 and the other six mGlu receptor subtypes. Bioavailability studies on mice (IV administration) confirm CNS exposure, and an in silico study predicts a binding mode of LBG30300 which induces a flipping of Tyr144 to allow for a salt bridge interaction of the acetate group with Arg271. The Tyr144 residue now prevents Arg271 from interacting with Asp146, which is a residue of differentiation between mGlu2 and mGlu3 and thus could explain the observed subtype selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, OE, Denmark
| | - Floriane Eshak
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, SPPIN CNRS UMR 8003, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Fanny Malhaire
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34094 Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Brabet
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34094 Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Prézeau
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34094 Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Emma Renard
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, OE, Denmark
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 34094 Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Francine C Acher
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, SPPIN CNRS UMR 8003, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Markus Staudt
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, OE, Denmark
| | - Lennart Bunch
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, OE, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dickson L, Teall M, Chevalier E, Cheung T, Liwicki GM, Mack S, Stephenson A, White K, Fosbeary R, Harrison DC, Brice NL, Doyle K, Ciccocioppo R, Wu C, Almond S, Patel TR, Mitchell P, Barnes M, Ayscough AP, Dawson LA, Carlton M, Bürli RW. Discovery of CVN636: A Highly Potent, Selective, and CNS Penetrant mGluR 7 Allosteric Agonist. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:442-449. [PMID: 37077399 PMCID: PMC10107911 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The low affinity metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR7 has been implicated in numerous CNS disorders; however, a paucity of potent and selective activators has hampered full delineation of the functional role and therapeutic potential of this receptor. In this work, we present the identification, optimization, and characterization of highly potent, novel mGluR7 agonists. Of particular interest is the chromane CVN636, a potent (EC50 7 nM) allosteric agonist which demonstrates exquisite selectivity for mGluR7 compared to not only other mGluRs, but also a broad range of targets. CVN636 demonstrated CNS penetrance and efficacy in an in vivo rodent model of alcohol use disorder. CVN636 thus has potential to progress as a drug candidate in CNS disorders involving mGluR7 and glutamatergic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Dickson
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Martin Teall
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Elodie Chevalier
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Toni Cheung
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Gemma M. Liwicki
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Stephen Mack
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Anne Stephenson
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Kathryn White
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Richard Fosbeary
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - David C. Harrison
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Nicola L. Brice
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Kevin Doyle
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Roberto Ciccocioppo
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino 62032, Italy
| | - Chaobo Wu
- WuXi Apptec Limited, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Sarah Almond
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Toshal R. Patel
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Philip Mitchell
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Matt Barnes
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Andrew P. Ayscough
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Lee A. Dawson
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Mark Carlton
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
- Takeda Cambridge Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| | - Roland W. Bürli
- Cerevance Limited, 418 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen Q, Hao J. Protein Activation in Drug Discovery - Part-II. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:2377. [PMID: 31833461 DOI: 10.2174/156802661926191114102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies Lilly Research Laboratory Eli Lilly and Company Lilly Corporate Center Indianapolis, IN 46285, United States
| | - Junliang Hao
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies Lilly Research Laboratory Eli Lilly and Company Lilly Corporate Center Indianapolis, IN 46285, United States
| |
Collapse
|