Zhang L, Luo Y, Lu Z, He J, Wang L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Astragalus Polysaccharide Inhibits Ionizing Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects by Regulating MAPK/NF-kB Signaling Pathway in Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs).
Med Sci Monit 2018;
24:4649-4658. [PMID:
29976920 PMCID:
PMC6069470 DOI:
10.12659/msm.909153]
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Abstract
Background
This study investigated the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE) in human bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by irradiated A549 cells.
Material/Methods
A549 cells were irradiated with 2 Gy X-rays to obtain conditioned medium. BMSCs were incubated with the conditioned medium or APS. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TGF-β were detected by ELISA. Cell survival, genomic instability, and DNA damages were detected by CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, the micronucleus test and immunofluorescence assay, respectively. The protein and phosphorylation protein expression of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2), P65, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in bystander effect cells were detected by Western blot.
Results
The expression of COX-2 and ROS increased following stimulation with conditioned medium; this effect was inhibited by pre-exposing the cells to APS. BMSCs growth and colony formation rate decreased following stimulation with conditioned medium; this effect was suppressed by pre-exposing the cells to APS. In addition, the micronucleus rate and 53BP1 foci number increased after treatment with conditioned medium; this increase in BMSCs was inhibited by APS. The levels of phosphorylated p38, JNK, ERK1/2, NF-κB P65, and COX-2 proteins were increased by conditioned medium but were decreased by pre-treatment with APS.
Conclusions
RIBE in BMSCs induced by the irradiated A549 was mediated by the ROS in the conditioned medium and might be related to MAPK/NF-κB signal pathways in BMSCs. APS may block RIBE through regulating the MAPK/NF-κB pathway.
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