1
|
Hou Y, Zeng W, Ao C, Huang J. Integrative analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome reveals Bacillus atrophaeus WZYH01-mediated salt stress mechanism in maize (Zea mays L.). J Biotechnol 2024; 383:39-54. [PMID: 38346451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Maize is an important food crop that is affected by salt stress during growth, which can hinder plant growth and result in a significant decrease in yield. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can improve this situation to a certain extent. However, the gene network of rhizosphere-promoting bacteria regulating the response of maize to salt stress remains elusive. Here, we used metabolomics and transcriptomics techniques to elucidate potential gene networks and salt-response pathways in maize. Phenotypic analysis showed that the Bacillus atrophaeus treatment improved the plant height, leaf area, biomass, ion, nutrient and stomatal indicators of maize. Metabolomic analysis identified that differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were primarily concentrated in the arginine, proline and phytohormone signaling metabolic pathways. 4-Hydroxyphenylacetylglutamic acid, L-histidinol, oxoglutaric acid, L-glutamic acid, L-arginine, and L-tyrosine were significantly increased in the Bacillus atrophaeus treatment. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) identified several hub genes associated with salt response: Zm00001eb155540 and Zm00001eb088790 (ABC transporter family), Zm00001eb419060 (extra-large GTP-binding protein family), Zm00001eb317200 (calcium-transporting ATPase), Zm00001eb384800 (aquaporin NIP1-4) and Zm00001eb339170 (cytochrome P450). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that genes related to plant hormone signal transduction and the MAPK signaling pathway were involved in the response to the effect of Bacillus atrophaeus under salt stress. In the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, 3 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding EIN3/EILs protein, 3 DEGs encoding GH3, 1 DEG encoding PYR/PYL and 6 DEGs encoding PP2C were all upregulated in Bacillus atrophaeus treatment. In the MAPK signaling pathway, 2 DEGs encoding CAT1 and 2 DEGs encoding WRKY22/WRKY29 were significantly upregulated, and the expression of DEGs encoding RbohD was downregulated by the application of Bacillus atrophaeus. In conclusion, the application of Bacillus atrophaeus under salt stress regulated key physiological and molecular processes in plants, which could stimulate the expression of genes related to ion transport and nutrients in maize, alleviate salt stress and promote maize growth to some extent, deepening our understanding of the application of Bacillus atrophaeus under salt stress to improve the salt-response gene network of maize growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenzhi Zeng
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Chang Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Jiesheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu C, Xiang Y, Huang P, Zhang M, Fang M, Yang W, Li W, Cao F, Liu LH, Pu W, Duan S. Molecular identification and physiological functional analysis of NtNRT1.1B that mediated nitrate long-distance transport and improved plant growth when overexpressed in tobacco. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1078978. [PMID: 36925751 PMCID: PMC10011135 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1078978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although recent physiological studies demonstrate that flue-cured tobacco preferentially utilizes nitrate ( NO 3 - ) or ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and possesses both high- and low-affinity uptake systems for NO 3 - , little is known about the molecular component(s) responsible for acquisition and translocation in this crop. Here we provide experimental data showing that NtNRT1.1B with a 1,785-bp coding sequence exhibited a function in mediating NO 3 - transport associated with tobacco growth on NO 3 - nutrition. Heterologous expression of NtNRT1.1B in the NO 3 - uptake-defective yeast Hp△ynt1 enabled a growth recovery of the mutant on 0.5 mM NO 3 - , suggesting a possible molecular function of NtNRT1.1B in the import of NO 3 - into cells. Transient expression of NtNRT1.1B::green fluorescent protein (GFP) in tobacco leaf cells revealed that NtNRT1.1B targeted mainly the plasma membrane, indicating the possibility of NO 3 - permeation across cell membranes via NtNRT1.1B. Furthermore, promoter activity assays using a GFP marker clearly indicated that NtNRT1.1B transcription in roots may be down-regulated by N starvation and induced by N resupply, including NO 3 - , after 3 days' N depletion. Significantly, constitutive overexpression of NtNRT1.1B could remarkably enhance tobacco growth by showing a higher accumulation of biomass and total N, NO 3 - , and even NH 4 + in plants supplied with NO 3 - ; this NtNRT1.1B-facilitated N acquisition/accumulation could be strengthened by short-term 15N- NO 3 - root influx assays, which showed 15%-20% higher NO 3 - deposition in NtNRT1.1B-overexpressors as well as a high affinity of NtNRT1.1B for NO 3 - at a K m of around 30-45 µM. Together with the detection of NtNRT1.1B promoter activity in the root stele and shoot-stem vascular tissues, and higher NO 3 - in both xylem exudate and the apoplastic washing fluid of NtNRT1.1B-transgenic lines, NtNRT1.1B could be considered as a valuable molecular breeding target aiming at improving crop N-use efficiency by manipulating the absorption and long-distance distribution/transport of nitrate, thus adding a new functional homolog as a nitrate permease to the plant NRT1 family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucheng Xiang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pingjun Huang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Mingfa Zhang
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute (Changsha, Chenzhou, Xiangxi), China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Company, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute (Changsha, Chenzhou, Xiangxi), China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Company, Changsha, China
| | - Weiqin Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchun Cao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lai-Hua Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction of Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxuan Pu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhui Duan
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute (Changsha, Chenzhou, Xiangxi), China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Company, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Q, Ou EL, Wang PC, Chen Y, Wang ZY, Wang ZW, Fang XW, Zhang JL. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 augmented tall fescue growth by regulating phytohormone and nutrient homeostasis under nitrogen deficiency. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:979883. [PMID: 36275534 PMCID: PMC9582836 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important nutrient for plant growth and development. Soil microorganisms have been used to curb the imbalance between the limited content of natural environmental nitrogen and the pollution caused by increasing nitrogen fertilizer use in ecologically fragile areas. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 has been shown to confer growth promotion and abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. This study provided a new insight into the role of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium B. amyloliquefaciens GB03 as an initiator of defense against nitrogen deficiency in non-leguminous grass tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Two-week-old seedlings of tall fescue were grown with or without GB03 for 4 weeks under total nitrogen (3.75 mM NO3 -) or low nitrogen (0.25 mM NO3 -) treatment. Growth parameters, chlorophyll content, endogenous total nitrogen, total phosphorus content, and phytohormone content, including those of auxin indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinin, gibberellic acid, and abscisic acid, were determined at the time of harvest. Tall fescue grown in GB03-inoculated soil was more robust than the non-inoculated controls with respect to plant height, root length, plant biomass, chlorophyll concentration, and nutrient (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) contents under total nitrogen treatment. GB03 increased indole acetic acid content by 24.7%, whereas decreased cytokinin and abscisic acid contents by 28.4% and 26.9%, respectively, under a total nitrogen level. Remarkably, GB03 increased indole acetic acid content by more than 80% and inhibited abscisic acid production by nearly 70% under a low nitrogen level. These results showed, for the first time, that GB03 played a crucial role in mediating NO3 -dependent regulation of tall fescue growth and development, especially revealing the mechanism of soil bacteria improve resistance to nitrogen deficiency stress in non-nitrogen-fixing species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Er-Ling Ou
- Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Pu-Chang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Wang
- Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang-Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is the largest known superfamily of secondary active transporters. MFS transporters are responsible for transporting a broad spectrum of substrates, either down their concentration gradient or uphill using the energy stored in the electrochemical gradients. Over the last 10 years, more than a hundred different MFS transporter structures covering close to 40 members have provided an atomic framework for piecing together the molecular basis of their transport cycles. Here, we summarize the remarkable promiscuity of MFS members in terms of substrate recognition and proton coupling as well as the intricate gating mechanisms undergone in achieving substrate translocation. We outline studies that show how residues far from the substrate binding site can be just as important for fine-tuning substrate recognition and specificity as those residues directly coordinating the substrate, and how a number of MFS transporters have evolved to form unique complexes with chaperone and signaling functions. Through a deeper mechanistic description of glucose (GLUT) transporters and multidrug resistance (MDR) antiporters, we outline novel refinements to the rocker-switch alternating-access model, such as a latch mechanism for proton-coupled monosaccharide transport. We emphasize that a full understanding of transport requires an elucidation of MFS transporter dynamics, energy landscapes, and the determination of how rate transitions are modulated by lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Drew
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm
University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rachel A. North
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm
University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kumar Nagarathinam
- Center
of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lübeck, D-23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mikio Tanabe
- Structural
Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu R, Qiu D, Chen Y, Miller AJ, Fan X, Pan X, Zhang M. Knock-Down of a Tonoplast Localized Low-Affinity Nitrate Transporter OsNPF7.2 Affects Rice Growth under High Nitrate Supply. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1529. [PMID: 27826301 PMCID: PMC5078692 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The large nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (NPF) has been shown to transport diverse substrates, including nitrate, amino acids, peptides, phytohormones, and glucosinolates. However, the rice (Oryza sativa) root-specific family member OsNPF7.2 has not been functionally characterized. Here, our data show that OsNPF7.2 is a tonoplast localized low-affinity nitrate transporter, that affects rice growth under high nitrate supply. Expression analysis showed that OsNPF7.2 was mainly expressed in the elongation and maturation zones of roots, especially in the root sclerenchyma, cortex and stele. It was also induced by high concentrations of nitrate. Subcellular localization analysis showed that OsNPF7.2 was localized on the tonoplast of large and small vacuoles. Heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes suggested that OsNPF7.2 was a low-affinity nitrate transporter. Knock-down of OsNPF7.2 retarded rice growth under high concentrations of nitrate. Therefore, we deduce that OsNPF7.2 plays a role in intracellular allocation of nitrate in roots, and thus influences rice growth under high nitrate supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Diyang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Metabolic Biology Department, John Innes CentreNorwich, UK
| | | | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Mingyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tong W, Imai A, Tabata R, Shigenobu S, Yamaguchi K, Yamada M, Hasebe M, Sawa S, Motose H, Takahashi T. Polyamine Resistance Is Increased by Mutations in a Nitrate Transporter Gene NRT1.3 (AtNPF6.4) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:834. [PMID: 27379127 PMCID: PMC4904021 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines are small basic compounds present in all living organisms and act in a variety of biological processes. However, the mechanism of polyamine sensing, signaling and response in relation to other metabolic pathways remains to be fully addressed in plant cells. As one approach, we isolated Arabidopsis mutants that show increased resistance to spermine in terms of chlorosis. We show here that two of the mutants have a point mutation in a nitrate transporter gene of the NRT1/PTR family (NPF), NRT1.3 (AtNPF6.4). These mutants also exhibit increased resistance to putrescine and spermidine while loss-of-function mutants of the two closest homologs of NRT1.3, root-specific NRT1.1 (AtNPF6.3) and petiole-specific NRT1.4 (AtNPF6.2), were shown to have a normal sensitivity to polyamines. When the GUS reporter gene was expressed under the control of the NRT1.3 promoter, GUS staining was observed in leaf mesophyll cells and stem cortex cells but not in the epidermis, suggesting that NRT1.3 specifically functions in parenchymal tissues. We further found that the aerial part of the mutant seedling has normal levels of polyamines but shows reduced uptake of norspermidine compared with the wild type. These results suggest that polyamine transport or metabolism is associated with nitrate transport in the parenchymal tissue of the shoot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wurina Tong
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityOkayama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Imai
- National Institute for Basic BiologyOkazaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Tabata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Masashi Yamada
- National Institute for Basic BiologyOkazaki, Japan
- Department of Biology, Duke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
| | | | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Motose
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityOkayama, Japan
| | - Taku Takahashi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityOkayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Taku Takahashi,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Noguero M, Lacombe B. Transporters Involved in Root Nitrate Uptake and Sensing by Arabidopsis. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1391. [PMID: 27708653 PMCID: PMC5030233 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Most plants use nitrate (NO3-) as their major nitrogen (N) source. The NO3- uptake capacity of a plant is determined by three interdependent factors that are sensitive to NO3- availability: (i) the functional properties of the transporters in roots that contribute to the acquisition of NO3- from the external medium, (ii) the density of functional transporters at the plasma membrane of root cells, and (iii) the surface and architecture of the root system. The identification of factors that regulate the NO3--sensing systems is important for both fundamental and applied science, because these factors control the capacity of plants to use the available NO3-, a process known as the "nitrate use efficiency." The molecular component of the transporters involved in uptake and sensing mechanism in Arabidopsis roots are presented and their relative contribution discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Khan MIR, Trivellini A, Fatma M, Masood A, Francini A, Iqbal N, Ferrante A, Khan NA. Role of ethylene in responses of plants to nitrogen availability. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:927. [PMID: 26579172 PMCID: PMC4626634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene is a plant hormone involved in several physiological processes and regulates the plant development during the whole life. Stressful conditions usually activate ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in plants. The availability of nutrients, shortage or excess, influences plant metabolism and ethylene plays an important role in plant adaptation under suboptimal conditions. Among the plant nutrients, the nitrogen (N) is one the most important mineral element required for plant growth and development. The availability of N significantly influences plant metabolism, including ethylene biology. The interaction between ethylene and N affects several physiological processes such as leaf gas exchanges, roots architecture, leaf, fruits, and flowers development. Low plant N use efficiency (NUE) leads to N loss and N deprivation, which affect ethylene biosynthesis and tissues sensitivity, inducing cell damage and ultimately lysis. Plants may respond differently to N availability balancing ethylene production through its signaling network. This review discusses the recent advances in the interaction between N availability and ethylene at whole plant and different organ levels, and explores how N availability induces ethylene biology and plant responses. Exogenously applied ethylene seems to cope the stress conditions and improves plant physiological performance. This can be explained considering the expression of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling genes under different N availability. A greater understanding of the regulation of N by means of ethylene modulation may help to increase NUE and directly influence crop productivity under conditions of limited N availability, leading to positive effects on the environment. Moreover, efforts should be focused on the effect of N deficiency or excess in fruit trees, where ethylene can have detrimental effects especially during postharvest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. I. R. Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | - Alice Trivellini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaPisa, Italy
| | - Mehar Fatma
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | - Asim Masood
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | | | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard University New Delhi, India
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilan, Italy
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
- *Correspondence: Nafees A. Khan,
| |
Collapse
|