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Qin H, He B, Wu H, Li Y, Chen J, Wang W, Zhang F, Duan M, Yang J. Visualization of Endolymphatic Hydrops in Patients With Unilateral Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss With Four Types According to Chinese Criterion. Front Surg 2021; 8:682245. [PMID: 34235173 PMCID: PMC8255360 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.682245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible value of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in patients with unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (UISSNHL) with four types according to audiometry. Methods: Seventy-two patients (40 men and 32 women; age range, 28–78 years; mean age: 50.0 ± 12.9 years) with UISSNHL were admitted retrospectively into this study. Based on the pure tone audiometry before treatment, the hearing loss of all these patients were categorized into four types: low-frequency group (LF-G), high-frequency group (HF-G), flat group (F-G), and total deafness group (TD-G). The average time from symptom onset to the first examination was 6.9 ± 4.4 days (1–20 days). 3D-FLAIR MRI was performed 24 h after intratympanic injection of gadolinium (Gd) within 1 week after the UISSNHL onset. The incidence of EH in the affected ears based on four types of hearing loss were analyzed using the Chi-square test, and the possible relationship with vertigo and prognosis were also assessed. Results: Eleven of 21 patients (52.4%) in LF-G had the highest EH-positive rate, followed by 18.2% in HF-G, 11.8% in F-G, and 17.4% in TD-G. The significant difference was found in the four groups (P = 0.018). The EH rate of LF-G was statistically significantly higher than that of F-G and TD-G (P = 0.009, P =0.014), respectively. After being valued by the volume-referencing grading system (VR scores), the EH level was represented by the sum scores of EH. In LF-G, no statistically significant difference was found in the prognosis of ISSNHL patients between with the EH group and the no EH group (P = 0.586). The symptom “vertigo” did not correlate with EH and prognosis. Conclusions: EH was observed in UISSNHL patients by 3D-FLAIR MRI. EH may be responsible for the pathology of LF-G but not related to prognosis. It might be meaningless to assess EH in other hearing loss types, which might be more related to the blood-labyrinth dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Qin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Baihui He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Maoli Duan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Audiology and Neurotology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ho Young
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang W, Chen S, Dong C, Li C, Sun L, Wang X, Jiang H. Electrophysiologic Characteristics of Various Degrees of Selective Outer Hair Cell Loss in Rats. Otol Neurotol 2019; 40:1246-52. [PMID: 31469797 DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The characteristics of auditory brainstem response (ABR), electrocochleogram (ECochG), and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) of different degrees of selective outer hair cells (OHCs) loss may be helpful for clinicians to evaluate the pathogeny, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of individuals' hearing loss. BACKGROUND How many OHCs are necessary to maintain cochlear amplifier function remains unknown. The electrophysiologic characteristics may indicate different degrees of OHCs loss. METHODS Electrophysiological characteristics were tested using 8-kHz pure-tone stimulus and OHCs counted specifically in the region of the cochlea corresponding to 8-kHz. Rat models of selective OHCs loss were established by injecting kanamycin (KM) at various dosages, and the region of 8-kHz was obtained by 8-kHz pure-tone exposure. RESULTS The ABR thresholds were affected slightly with OHCs loss < 30%, and were increased dramatically with OHCs loss ranging from 30 to 70%, but the thresholds did not increase further when OHCs loss exceeded 70%. As OHCs loss increased, the compound action potential (CAP) amplitude decreased. The CAP amplitude and OHCs loss were negatively correlated. Moreover, the summating potential (SP)/action potential (AP) increased as OHCs loss increased. DPOAE and cochlear microphonics (CM) exhibited reduced amplitudes when OHCs loss < 30%. CONCLUSIONS Electrophysiologic characteristics may indicate different degrees of OHCs loss. While OHCs loss > 70%, the cochlear amplification may lose completely, but it is difficult to detect OHCs loss < 30%, because the ABR or DPOAE may reveal "normal" at this level. Moreover, the decreased CAP amplitude or increased SP/AP may be indicators for OHCs loss.
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Wester JL, Ishiyama G, Karnezis S, Ishiyama A. Sudden hearing loss after cialis (tadalafil) use: A unique case of cochlear hydrops. Laryngoscope 2018; 128:2615-2618. [PMID: 30208203 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We discuss a unique case of sudden sensorineural hearing loss after Cialis (tadalafil) use, a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, and the implication of ipsilateral cochlear hydrops seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report a case of a 53-year-old male with unilateral low-frequency sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) after ingestion of tadalafil. The SSNHL occurred 1 day after ingestion and was associated with aural fullness and tinnitus. There were no symptoms of vertigo. He received oral prednisone immediately after the onset of hearing loss without improvement. Delayed intravenous contrast-enhanced three-dimensional Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI revealed ipsilateral dilation of the cochlear duct without any hydronic change in the vestibular system. Acetazolamide therapy was initiated, and his symptoms improved. A posttreatment audiogram revealed an increase in threshold of 15 dB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of cochlear hydrops visualized on imaging after a PDE5 inhibitor induced SSNHL. Tadalafil and other PDE5 inhibitors have a known association with SSNHL. Despite several proposed mechanisms, there is inconclusive evidence of a causal relationship. Our presented case suggests that cochlear hydrops may be one possible mechanism of PDE5 inhibitor-associated SSNHL. MRI should be considered in the evaluation of such patients who do not respond to oral steroids as initial treatment. Laryngoscope, 2615-2618, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Wester
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Gail Ishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Stellios Karnezis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Akira Ishiyama
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
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Abstract
The technique of transtympanic electrocochleography was initially developed as an objective hearing threshold test by Eggermont. Gibson et al. (1977) claimed that an enlarged direct current component of the action potential (AP) called the summating potential (SP) is an indication of endolymphatic hydrops, later confirmed by Coates who proposed an SP/AP ratio measure. This led to numerous publications using diagnostic ratios of 0.33-0.35. The insensitivity led to an eventual disenchantment with the test as a reliable objective test for Meniere's disease. It was further confused by audiologists employing remote canal or ear drum electrodes which give a response about one-fourth of the magnitude obtained by an electrode in contact with the cochlea. Subsequently Gibson stated that an SP/AP ratio of <0.5 is not diagnostic for hydrops. He then showed that a tone burst stimulus gave the test a significantly higher sensitivity and specificity, which has been supported by others. On MRI inner ear imaging with gadolinium hydrops can be seen, but the quality of images and what is seen may vary according to brand of scanner, settings, mode of gadolinium administration, and the possibility that gadolinium entry may favor the vestibule. Transtympanic tone burst electrocochleography is to date the simplest, cheapest and most sensitive technique for detecting cochlear endolymphatic hydrops to confirm a diagnosis of Meniere's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Hornibrook
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, University of Canterbury and University of OtagoChristchurch, New Zealand
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Covelli E, Volpini L, Atturo F, Benincasa AT, Filippi C, Tarentini S, Marrone V, Monini S, Vestri A, Barbara M. Delayed Effect of Active Pressure Treatment on Endolymphatic Hydrops. Audiol Neurootol 2017; 22:24-29. [DOI: 10.1159/000472245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify eventual correlations between the effect of low-pressure treatment and endolymphatic hydrops in Ménière patients. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of subjects affected by definite Ménière disease (2015) and a severe degree of disability, who received a ventilation tube with or without a low-pressure treatment before undergoing a surgical procedure (vestibular neurectomy). After the placement of the ventilation tube, the subjects were either left alone with the tube or received 1 month of self-administered low-pressure therapy with a portable device. In all subjects, an electrocochleography (ECochG) was performed and specific questionnaires - Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Functional Scale Level (FSL) - were completed before starting either arm of treatment, at the end of treatment, and then 3 and 6 months later. Results: All selected subjects presented with an ECochG pattern that was indicative of endolymphatic hydrops before starting either treatment. At the end of pressure treatment, 80% showed symptomatic improvement while maintaining the hydropic ECochG pattern. At the 3-month control stage, the hydropic pattern resulted normalized (<0.5) in all the improved subjects. Conclusions: Although 1 month of low-pressure treatment provided a positive symptomatological outcome, normalization of the hydropic ECochG parameters occurred only at a later time. Therefore, it is possible to assume that endolymphatic hydrops could be concurrent with a non-symptomatic stage of Ménière disease, and that the anti-hydropic effect of the low-pressure treatment, if any, would present with a certain delay after its completion.
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Ding CR, Xu XD, Wang XW, Jia XH, Cheng X, Liu X, Yang L, Tong BS, Chi FL, Ren DD. Effect of Endolymphatic Hydrops on Sound Transmission in Live Guinea Pigs Measured with a Laser Doppler Vibrometer. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:8648297. [PMID: 28090361 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8648297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. This study aimed at describing the mechanism of hearing loss in low frequency and the different dynamic behavior of the umbo, the stapes head, and the round window membrane (RWM) between normal guinea pigs and those with endolymphatic hydrops (EH), using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). Methods. Cochlear sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to evaluate the hydropic ratio (HR). Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and whole-mount immunostaining were measured. Displacement of the umbo, stapes head, and RWM in response to ear-canal sound was evaluated using a LDV. Results. Mean HR values in EH model of all the turns are larger than the control group. The ABR threshold of the EH group was significantly higher than that of the control. Strong positive correlation was found between HR at apical turn and ABR threshold elevation at 1000 Hz and at subapical turn and ABR threshold elevation at 2000 Hz. FITC-phalloidin immunostaining of the cochlear basilar membrane in the apical, subapical, and suprabasal turns showed missing and derangement stereocilia of third-row outer hair cells. The umbo, stapes head, and RWM displacement in ears with EH was generally lower than that of normal ears. The EH-induced differences in stapes head and RWM motion were significant at 0.5 kHz. Conclusion. The LDV results suggested that the higher inner ear impedance in EH affected the dynamic behavior of the two opening windows of the cochlea and then reduced the vibration of the ossicular chain by increasing the afterload, resulting in acoustic dysfunction. The vibration reduction mainly occurred at low frequencies, which has related with the morphology changes of the apical and subapical turns in EH model.
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Wang D, Xiong B, Xiong F, Chen GD, Hu BH, Sun W. Apical hair cell degeneration causes the increase in the amplitude of summating potential. Acta Otolaryngol 2016; 136:1255-1260. [PMID: 27424625 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2016.1203989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION This study indicates that the lesion of hair cells in the apical turn of the cochlea can cause the change in the summating potential (SP)/Compound potential (CAP) ratio. OBJECTIVES Electrocochleography is a valuable clinic test for diagnosis of cochlear pathologies and the ratio of SP to CAP has been used to identify Meniere's disease. However, it remains controversial whether the increase of the SP/CAP ratio represents exclusively the endolymphatic hydrops. METHOD This study measured the SP and CAP in mice that displayed outer hair cell (OHC) degeneration in the apical section of the cochlea as their age increased. RESULTS As compared with the mice aged 8-10 months, the 24-month old mice displayed a significant increase in the amplitude of SP at 12-16 kHz. This result suggests that the degeneration of OHCs in the apical turn leads to the increase of the + SP at the middle frequencies. In contrast, the aging mice did not have a significant change in the CAP amplitude at super-threshold levels.
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Kim JS, Nam EC, Park SI. Electrocochleography is More Sensitive than Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emission Test for Detecting Noise-Induced Temporary Threshold Shift. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 133:619-24. [PMID: 16213939 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2005.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We investigated and compared the usefulness of the electrocochleography and distortion product otoacoustic emission tests for detecting the earliest noise-induced damage by analyzing the sensitivity and specificity of the 2 tests. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study. METHODS: After listening to music at 90.3 ± 4.2 dB in the same night-club for 2 hours continuously, 23 healthy normal ears experienced a temporary threshold shift exceeding 5 dB. Pure-tone audiometry, the distortion product otoacoustic emission test, and electrocochleography were performed before, immediately after, and 24 hours after the exposure. RESULTS: Before exposure, the measured distortion product/noise floor was 9.8 ± 10.4, 23.5 ± 6.4, 18.7 ± 6.4, and 19.1 ± 5.6 dB sound pressure level (SPL) at frequencies of 1, 2, 3, and 4 kHz, respectively. Immediately after exposure, it decreased significantly at 2, 3, and 4 kHz to 16.6 ± 7.6, 12.5 ± 6.8, and 14.8 ± 7.7 dB SPL, respectively. Marked increases in the amplitude of the summating potential and summating potential/action potential ratio were recorded from 0.15 ± 0.06 to 0.32 ± 0.11 and 0.23 ± 0.06 to 0.44 ± 0.08, respectively. The respective sensitivity and specificity of electrocochleography were 76.7% to 88.5% and 91.0% to 100%. Those of the distortion product otoacoustic emission test were 54.8% to 62.2% and 75.5% to 87.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Electrocochleography appears to provide more sensitive and specific information than the distortion product otoacoustic emission test for detecting a noise-induced temporary threshold shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sook Kim
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, College of Natural Science, Hallym University, Chunchon, Korea
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Chen X, Zhang XD, Gu X, Fang ZM, Zhang R. Endolymphatic space imaging in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo. Laryngoscope 2012; 122:2265-8. [PMID: 22996668 DOI: 10.1002/lary.23452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To investigate endolymphatic space images in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISNHL) and vertigo using three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (3D-FLAIR MRI). STUDY DESIGN This is a prospective study of an analysis using the imaging technology of 3D-FLAIR MRI for patients with ISNHL and vertigo. METHODS 3D-FLAIR MRI was performed 24 hours after intratympanic injection of gadolinium-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid. RESULTS In four of seven cases of ISNHL with vertigo, endolymphatic hydrops were confirmed in the cochlea and/or the vestibule of the affected ears. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study imply that there may be some relationship between endolymphatic hydrops and ISNHL with vertigo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China
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Mills DM, Feeney MP, Gates GA. Evaluation of cochlear hearing disorders: normative distortion product otoacoustic emission measurements. Ear Hear 2007; 28:778-92. [PMID: 17982366 DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181576755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The overall objective was to begin the investigation, in humans, of distortion product otoacoustic emission measurements, which are intended to be part of a diagnostic protocol being developed. This protocol, designed to distinguish among different cochlear hearing disorders, has been tested to date only through lesion studies in the gerbil (Mills, Ear and Hearing, 27, 508-525, 2006). To be applied successfully to human subjects, it was required that parameters and procedures for emission measurements be found, which resulted in sufficiently small intersubject variability in normal subjects, among other requirements. To attain these objectives, measurements of particular otoacoustic emission responses were made in a reference group of young adults having excellent hearing. DESIGN Twenty young adults (age 18 to 24 yr; 40 ears) comprised the subject group, with equal numbers of men and women. Inclusion criteria included hearing thresholds of 10 dB HL or better in both ears at all frequencies (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz), plus a tympanometric peak response located within +/-30 daPa of ambient pressure in both ears. The otoacoustic emission stimulus consisted of two tones (frequencies f1 and f2) varied in level using 5-dB steps with the lower-frequency stimulus level always 10 dB greater than that of the higher-frequency stimulus. The emission isoresponse threshold was defined to be the stimulus level required to obtain an emission amplitude of -10 dB SPL. Another potential measure was defined to be the emission amplitude at the highest stimulus levels routinely tested. Mean emission amplitudes and thresholds were determined for f2 frequencies equal to audiometric frequencies from 1 to 8 kHz, using two different stimulus frequency ratios, f2/f1=1.21 and 1.28. RESULTS One result of the study was the derivation of reference standards for the emission threshold level, similar to the HL scale for pure-tone thresholds. For use in diagnosis, the optimal measure was found to be the otoacoustic emission threshold for the stimulus frequency ratio f2/f1=1.21 and for f2 frequencies from 1 to 6 kHz. The f2 frequency of 8 kHz seemed less useful because the emission had a relatively high mean threshold. For frequencies 1 to 6 kHz, the variances were adequately small: 95% of the emission thresholds fell within +/-13 dB of the mean at each frequency, a variability only slightly larger than that for the gerbil. Finally, even within the 10-dB HL limit, responses showed a slight trend for increased emission thresholds with increased auditory threshold. Only at 8 kHz was the amount of covariance important, however, with the relationship between emission and auditory thresholds strongest for men. CONCLUSIONS Emission reference standards can be developed by testing a group of young adults with excellent hearing. The diagnostic procedure previously proposed on the basis of gerbil lesion studies may be adapted with relatively little modification for use in human subjects. However, validity of the test and specific numerical results for human subjects remain to be firmly established for the purpose of distinguishing among different cochlear disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hoth
- Universitäts-HNO-Klinik Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electrocochleography (ECoG) is a sensitive evoked-response test for evaluating changes in cochlear function. We investigated the extratympanic ECoG in a noise-induced temporary threshold shift (TTS) to evaluate the usefulness of ECoG in the early detection of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In a prospective analysis, 15 healthy ears were exposed to 90.3- to 105.0-dB noise for 3 hours in the same computer-game arcade. Pure-tone audiometry and ECoG were performed before, immediately after, and 24 hours after the exposure. RESULTS Before the exposure, the average hearing level was 5.8 +/- 2.7 dB, which increased significantly to 12.8 +/- 2.8 dB immediately after exposure. A marked increment in the SP/AP (summating potential/action potential) ratio was observed with the TTS. The mean ratio was 0.22 +/- 0.11 before the exposure, 0.46 +/- 0.18 in the TTS phase, and 0.20 +/- 0.11 after resolution. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that the SP/AP ratio is useful for the early detection and monitoring of NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Cheol Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chunchon, Kangwon, Korea.
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Jaimanti Bakshi B, Gupta AK, Mann SB. Summating potential & summating potential/action potential ratio in the diagnosis of Meniere's disease. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001; 53:190-3. [PMID: 23119794 DOI: 10.1007/bf03028551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assesses electrocochleographic (ECOG) potentials in a clinically defined Meniere's group and compares the results with those from a normal control group. Electrocochleography was done in 42 cases of Meniere's disease and was compared with 20 normal cases. All parameters of electrocochleography were studied with special emphasis on the summating potential/action potential (SP/AP) ratio. A SP/AP amplitude ratio of 0.49 was found in the Meniere' group as compared to the SP/AP ratio of 0.03 in the control group. Latencies of SP and AP were also studied and compared between two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jaimanti Bakshi
- Deptt. of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Postgraduate Insitute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Abstract
We examined electrocochleogram (ECochG) and transiently evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) on five cases of sudden sensorineural hearing loss which had no abnormalities detected on diagnostic imagings and showed complete recovery of hearing. At the initial examination, three cases showed a broadened wave 1 with prolonged latency in the auditory brainstem response (ABR) at 90 dB HL. The ECochG AP showed a broad waveform, low amplitude, and high threshold. CM threshold, although increased, was relatively well preserved compared with hearing threshold measured with conventional pure-tone audiometry. The thresholds in TEOAE examination were similar to those for CM and preserved better when compared with pure-tone audiometric thresholds. These findings suggest that the location of the disorder in these three cases involved not only the cochlea but also the retrocochlear auditory pathway. The other two cases showed normal ABR waveforms at 90 dB HL at the initial examinations. ECochG examination showed that a normal AP in one case and a smaller amplitude AP, an elevated threshold, and normal waveform of AP in the other ear. CM thresholds coincided with the conventional audiometry thresholds. These findings suggest that hearing loss in these two cases involved primarily the sensory hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ota
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Toho University Omori Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH, Van Spaendonck MP, Molenberghs G. A review of electrocochleography: instrumentation settings and meta-analysis of criteria for diagnosis of endolymphatic hydrops. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 1997; 526:14-20. [PMID: 9107349 DOI: 10.3109/00016489709124014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the literature on instrumentation settings used for transtympanic (TT-ECOG) an extratympanic electrocochleography (ET-ECOG). There is wide variation regard to the applied stimulus, the settings and interpretation of ECOG results. For most physicians, the presence of endolymphatic hydrops is indicated either by the summating/action potential (SP/AP) ratio for click stimuli or the SP amplitude after tone bursts. Different upper limits have been proposed to discriminate hydropic from non-hydropic ears. Based upon a meta-analysis and classification criteria obtained from multivariate statistics, the authors propose that an SP/AP ratio with click stimulation > 0.35 using TT-ECOG, or > 0.42 using ET-ECOG, is indicative of hydrops. With tone burst stimulation set at a repetition rate of 30-40 stimuli per second, a SP of < -2 microV using TT-ECOG for at least one frequency within the range 0.5-8.0 kHz is considered pathologic.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Wuyts
- University Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
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