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Ditzel HM, Giger AW, Lund CM, Ditzel HJ, Mohammadnejad A, Pfeiffer P, Ryg J, Jørgensen TL, Ewertz M. Predictive Value of Geriatric Oncology Screening and Geriatric Assessment in Older Patients with Solid Cancers: Protocol for a Danish prospective cohort study (PROGNOSIS-G8). J Geriatr Oncol 2021:S1879-4068(21)00138-7. [PMID: 34176752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Older patients with cancer constitute a heterogeneous group with varying degrees of frailty; therefore, geriatric assessment with initial geriatric oncology screening is recommended. The Geriatric 8 (G8) and the modified Geriatric 8 (mG8) are promising screening tools with high accuracy and an association with survival. However, evidence is sparse regarding patient-centered outcomes. This protocol describes a study, which aims to address the predictive and prognostic value of the G8 and mG8, with quality of life (QoL) as the primary outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this single-center prospective cohort study, patients, age ≥70 years with solid malignancies, will be screened with the G8 and mG8 prior to receiving 1st line antineoplastic treatment. Patients will contribute medical record data including; cancer type, Charlson comorbidity index score, performance status, and treatment intent, type, and dosage, at baseline. Patients will complete QoL questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 and ELD-14) at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12-months follow-up. Two functional measurements (the 30-s chair stand test and the handgrip strength test) will be conducted at baseline to assess the added predictive and prognostic value. At 12 months follow-up, initially administered treatment and treatment adherence will be recorded and assessed with generalized linear models, while overall survival and cancer-specific survival will be assessed using survival analysis models with time-varying covariates. The relationship between frailty (G8 ≤ 14, mG8 ≥ 6) and QoL within 12 months will be examined using mixed regression models. DISCUSSION Geriatric oncology screening may identify a subgroup of older patients with frailty, at risk of experiencing diminishing QoL and poor treatment adherence. With the proposed screening program, patients who require treatment modification and additional support to maintain their QoL may be identified. It is our hope, that these insights may facilitate the formation of national guidelines for the treatment of older patients with cancer. Registration:NCT04644874.
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van Walree IC, Scheepers ER, van den Bos F, van Huis-tanja LH, Emmelot-vonk MH, Hamaker ME. Clinical judgment versus geriatric assessment for frailty in older patients with cancer. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 11:1138-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Scheepers ERM, Vondeling AM, Thielen N, van der Griend R, Stauder R, Hamaker ME. Geriatric assessment in older patients with a hematologic malignancy: a systematic review. Haematologica 2020; 105:1484-1493. [PMID: 32381581 PMCID: PMC7271571 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.245803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to give an update of all currently available evidence on the relevance of a geriatric assessment in the treatment of older patients with hematologic malignancies. A systematic search in MEDLINE and EMBASE was performed to find studies in which a geriatric assessment was used to detect impaired geriatric domains or to address the association between geriatric assessment and survival or clinical outcome measures. The literature search included 4,629 reports, of which 54 publications from 44 studies were included. Seventy-three percent of the studies were published in the last 5 years. The median age of the patients was 73 years (range, 58-86) and 71% had a good World Health Organization (WHO) performance status. The median prevalence of geriatric impairments varied between 17% and 68%, even in patients with a good WHO performance status. Polypharmacy, nutritional status and instrumental activities of daily living were most frequently impaired. Whereas several geriatric impairments and frailty (based on a frailty screening tool or summarized geriatric assessment score) were predictive for a shorter overall survival, WHO performance status lost its predictive value in most studies. The association between geriatric impairments and treatment-related toxicity varied, with a trend towards a higher risk of (non-)hematologic toxicity in frail patients. During the follow-up, frailty seemed to be associated with treatment non-completion, especially when patients were malnourished. Patients with a good physical capacity had a shorter stay in hospital and a lower rate of hospitalization. Geriatric assessment, even in patients with a good performance status, can detect impaired geriatric domains and these impairments may be predictive of mortality. Moreover, geriatric impairments suggest a higher risk of treatment-related toxicity, treatment non-completion and use of healthcare services. A geriatric assessment should be considered before starting treatment in older patients with hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen R M Scheepers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ariel M Vondeling
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Noortje Thielen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - René van der Griend
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Reinhard Stauder
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marije E Hamaker
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Prognostication is a vital aspect of decision making because it provides patients and families with information to establish realistic and achievable goals of care, is used in determining eligibility for certain benefits, and helps in targeting interventions to those likely to benefit. Prognostication consists of 3 components: clinicians use their clinical judgment or other tools to estimate the probability of an individual developing a particular outcome over a specific period of time; this prognostic estimate is communicated in accordance with the patient's information preferences; the prognostic estimate is interpreted by the patient or surrogate and used in clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Martin
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 757 Westwood Plaza Suite 7501, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Eric Widera
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 4150 Clement Street, Box 181G, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. https://twitter.com/EWidera
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Stauder R, Augschoell J, Hamaker ME, Koinig KA. Malnutrition in Older Patients With Hematological Malignancies at Initial Diagnosis - Association With Impairments in Health Status, Systemic Inflammation and Adverse Outcome. Hemasphere 2020; 4:e332. [PMID: 32072148 DOI: 10.1097/HS9.0000000000000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Poor nutritional status is a common problem in cancer patients at advanced age, but the prevalence and impact of malnutrition in hematological malignancies remains underinvestigated. To evaluate nutritional status in older adults over age 70 with newly diagnosed hematological malignancies, we enrolled 147 patients and assessed weight loss, food intake, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and BMI. We compared nutritional status with demographic data, inflammation markers, and restrictions in multidimensional geriatric assessment. MNA classified 43% of patients being at risk of, and 15% having manifest malnutrition. A moderate/severe decrease in food intake was reported by 24% or 16%, a recent weight loss of 1 to 3 kg or >3 kg by 19% or 31%, and a BMI <23 kg/m2 by 29%. Lowered serum albumin (<3.5 g/dL) was prevalent in 14% of patients, and in 38% Glasgow Prognostic Score indicated hyperinflammation. Principal component analysis clustered malnutrition with inflammation markers and pronounced impairments, that is, fatigue, depression, comorbidities, reduced functional capacities. Severe decrease in food intake (HR: 3.3 (1.9–5.8), p < 0.001), >3 kg weight loss (HR: 2.3 (1.4–3.9), p = 0.001), impaired MNA (HR: 2.8 (1.3–6.2), p = 0.010), and low serum albumin (HR: 2.1 (1.1–4.0), p = 0.030) were significantly associated with shortened overall survival. Recent weight loss >3 kg (HR: 2.2 (1.1–4.3), p = 0.022), and low BMI (HR: 3.3 (1.8–6.0), p < 0.001) remained independent adverse parameters in multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Malnourishment at initial diagnosis is frequent in older patients with hematological malignancies and represents an adverse prognosticator. Clustering of malnutrition with impairments and systemic inflammation suggests an underlying common pathway.
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Molga A, Wall M, Chhetri R, Wee LY, Singhal D, Edwards S, Singhal N, Ross D, To LB, Caughey G, Shakib S, Germing U, To T, Hiwase D. Comprehensive geriatric assessment predicts azacitidine treatment duration and survival in older patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 11:114-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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de Vries VA, Müller MCA, Arbous MS, Biemond BJ, Blijlevens NMA, Kusadasi N, Span LRF, Vlaar APJ, van Westerloo DJ, Kluin-Nelemans HC, van den Bergh WM; HEMA-ICU Study Group. Long-Term Outcome of Patients With a Hematologic Malignancy and Multiple Organ Failure Admitted at the Intensive Care. Crit Care Med 2019; 47:e120-8. [PMID: 30335623 DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Historically, patients with a hematologic malignancy have one of the highest mortality rates among cancer patients admitted to the ICU. Therefore, physicians are often reluctant to admit these patients to the ICU. The aim of our study was to examine the survival of patients who have a hematologic malignancy and multiple organ failure admitted to the ICU. Design: This retrospective cohort study, part of the HEMA-ICU study group, was designed to study the survival of patients with a hematologic malignancy and organ failure after admission to the ICU. Patients were followed for at least 1 year. Setting: Five university hospitals in the Netherlands. Patients: One-thousand ninety-seven patients with a hematologic malignancy who were admitted at the ICU. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Primary outcome was 1-year survival. Organ failure was categorized as acute kidney injury, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, and hemodynamic failure; multiple organ failure was defined as failure of two or more organs. The World Health Organization performance score measured 3 months after discharge from the ICU was used as a measure of functional outcome. The 1-year survival rate among these patients was 38%. Multiple organ failure was inversely associated with long-term survival, and an absence of respiratory failure was the strongest predictor of 1-year survival. The survival rate among patients with 2, 3, and 4 failing organs was 27%, 22%, and 8%, respectively. Among all surviving patients for which World Health Organization scores were available, 39% had a World Health Organization performance score of 0–1 3 months after ICU discharge. Functional outcome was not associated with the number of failing organs. Conclusions: Our results suggest that multiple organ failure should not be used as a criterion for excluding a patient with a hematologic malignancy from admission to the ICU.
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Goede V, Stauder R. Multidisciplinary care in the hematology clinic: Implementation of geriatric oncology. J Geriatr Oncol 2018; 10:497-503. [PMID: 30241779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Multidisciplinary care is believed to provide benefits to patients with cancer. Tumor board conferences as well aspalliative care or psycho-oncological services have not only become common in oncology, but also in hematology clinics dedicated to the treatment of hematological cancers. Malignant hematological diseases are highly prevalent among older persons. Demographic changes in many countries worldwide are prompting the integration of geriatric principles, methodology, and expertise into existing procedures and infrastructure of multidisciplinary care in hematology clinics. Achieving this goal requires the close collaboration or even incorporation of multiple new professions in the hematology clinic in order to meet the needs of older patients with hematological malignancies who also have comorbidities and functional impairments. We here review the rationale, current evidence, and practical approaches of integrating geriatric oncology into multidisciplinary care in the hematology clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Goede
- Oncogeriatric Unit, Dept. of Geriatric Medicine, St. Marien Hospital, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Reinhard Stauder
- Dept. of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
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Hofer F, Koinig KA, Nagl L, Borjan B, Stauder R. Fatigue at baseline is associated with geriatric impairments and represents an adverse prognostic factor in older patients with a hematological malignancy. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:2235-2243. [PMID: 30054708 PMCID: PMC6182757 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prospective data on fatigue in elderly persons with a hematological malignancy are rare. We aimed to determine the prevalence of fatigue and its association with clinical outcome and geriatric impairments in older individuals newly diagnosed with blood cancer. The EORTC QLQ-C30 and a multidimensional geriatric assessment (MGA) were performed in parallel in 149 consecutive patients aged > 67 years (median 77.8 years) at Innsbruck Medical University between January 2009 and April 2016. Fatigue as defined by EORTC QLQ-C30 was the most prevalent symptom (84%) and was significantly associated with self-reported role and physical functioning, global health status and insomnia, dyspnea, and loss of appetite (p < 0.001). Remarkably, pronounced fatigue was associated with impaired performance status and objective functional capacities in MGA, with altered depression scoring, G8 screening, and elevation of serum inflammation markers (p < 0.001). Patients with minor fatigue had a median overall survival (OS) of 26.4 months, whereas those with marked fatigue displayed an OS of 7.0 months (p < 0.001). The association between fatigue and shortened OS was supported in multivariate analyses (HR 1.74, CI 1.09–2.76; p = 0.021). Fatigue is seen to have a high prevalence and to be an adverse prognostic factor in elderly patients with a hematological malignancy. The strong impact of fatigue on clinical performance and OS emphasizes the relevance of patient-reported outcomes in individualized treatment algorithms. Patients will benefit from identification of fatigue, allowing timely interventions. The correlation between fatigue, impaired performance, nutritional status, and inflammation might suggest an underlying common pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hofer
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K A Koinig
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L Nagl
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Borjan
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Stauder
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Nightingale G, Skonecki E, Boparai MK. Polypharmacy in Older Adults with Cancer: Evaluating Polypharmacy as Part of the Geriatric Assessment. Curr Geri Rep 2017; 6:219-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s13670-017-0221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Vidal L, Lando S, Vaxman I, Shochat T, Raanani P, Gurion R, Gafter-Gvili A. The effect of R-CHOP dose reduction on overall survival of elderly patients with DLBCL - comparative study. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:904-910. [PMID: 28828883 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1365856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
R-CHOP is the standard therapy for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We evaluated the effect of reduced intensity R-CHOP on survival, and toxicity in patients 70 years or older with DLBCL. The retrospective analysis included 140 patients (median age 78 years). We showed that patients with a good performance status treated with reduced adriamycin dose had a statistically significant worse overall survival. In multivariable model, the HR with any 10% increase adriamycin-relative dose in the first cycle was, 0.81, 95% CI 0.70-0.94. Age, gender, albumin and IPI were also associated with overall survival. Hospitalizations of patients treated with reduced R-CHOP were longer; however, the rate of infection did not differ between the groups. Based on current data, the optimal treatment for elderly patients with DLBCL remains unclear, but it is apparent that the dose of chemotherapy should be tailored individually according to performance status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Vidal
- a Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center , Rabin Medical Center , Petah Tikva , Israel
| | - Shany Lando
- a Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Iuliana Vaxman
- a Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center , Rabin Medical Center , Petah Tikva , Israel
| | - Tzippy Shochat
- c Institute of Hematology, Biostatistical Unit , Rabin Medical Center , Petah Tikva , Israel
| | - Pia Raanani
- a Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center , Rabin Medical Center , Petah Tikva , Israel
| | - Ronit Gurion
- a Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center , Rabin Medical Center , Petah Tikva , Israel
| | - Anat Gafter-Gvili
- a Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center , Rabin Medical Center , Petah Tikva , Israel.,d Institute of Hematology, Medicine A , Rabin Medical Center , Petah Tikva , Israel
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Gobba S, Moccia AA, Gulden-Sala W, Conconi A, Diem S, Cascione L, Iacoboni G, Margiotta-Casaluci G, Aprile von Hohenstaufen K, Stathis A, Hitz F, Pinotti G, Gaidano G, Zucca E. Outcome of patients older than 80 years with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with “standard” immunochemotherapy: A large retrospective study from 4 institutions. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Gobba
- ASST Sette Laghi; Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi; Varese Italy
| | - Alden A. Moccia
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
| | | | - Annarita Conconi
- SCDU Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale; Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
- Unit of Hematology; Ospedale degli Infermi; Biella Italy
| | - Stefan Diem
- Klinik für Onkologie und Hämatologie; Kantonsspital St Gallen; St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
- Lymphoma and Genomics Research Program; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR); Bellinzona Switzerland
| | - Gloria Iacoboni
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
| | - Gloria Margiotta-Casaluci
- SCDU Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale; Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
| | | | | | - Felicitas Hitz
- Klinik für Onkologie und Hämatologie; Kantonsspital St Gallen; St Gallen Switzerland
| | - Graziella Pinotti
- ASST Sette Laghi; Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi; Varese Italy
| | - Gianluca Gaidano
- SCDU Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale; Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
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