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Jiang K, Yin X, Zhang Q, Yin J, Tang Q, Xu M, Wu L, Shen Y, Zhou Z, Yu H, Yan S. STC2 activates PRMT5 to induce radioresistance through DNA damage repair and ferroptosis pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102626. [PMID: 36764215 PMCID: PMC9929488 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is the major reason for the failure of radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Previous evidence indicated that stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) participates in various biological processes of malignant tumors. However, researches on its effect on radioresistance in cancers are limited. In this study, STC2 was screened out by RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses as a potential prognosis predictor of ESCC radiosensitivity and then was determined to facilitate radioresistance. We found that STC2 expression is increased in ESCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and a higher level of STC2 is associated with poor prognosis. Also, STC2 mRNA and protein expression levels were higher in radioresistant cells than in their parental cells. Further investigation revealed that STC2 could interact with protein methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and activate PRMT5, thus leading to the increased expression of symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 on Arg 3 (H4R3me2s). Mechanistically, STC2 can promote DDR through the homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining pathways by activating PRMT5. Meanwhile, STC2 can participate in SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis in a PRMT5-dependent manner. Finally, these results were validated through in vivo experiments. These findings uncovered that STC2 might be an attractive therapeutic target to overcome ESCC radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Colorectal Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuying Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyou Xu
- Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Senxiang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
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Kaya Z, Almalı N, Sahin ES, Duran S, Görgisen G, Ates C. Association of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 promoter methylation with esophageal cancer in peripheral blood. Mol Biol Rep 2022. [PMID: 35076852 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway has an important role in many cancers, including esophageal cancer (EC). IGF-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is one of the proteins in this signaling pathway, and its role in cancer has not yet been fully clarified. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical relevance of IGFBP7 methylation status and mRNA expression in EC patients compared to healthy controls. We also investigated whether IGFBP7 methylation status affects mRNA expression. METHODS The study comprised 100 EC patients and 105 healthy controls. Methylation specific PCR (MSP) was used to examine IGFBP7's promoter methylation and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to assess IGFBP7 mRNA expression. RESULTS The IGFBP7 promoter methylation was significantly higher in controls than in EC patients (p < 0.05). IGFBP7 mRNA expression was significantly lower in EC patients compared to controls, especially in those over 55 years old (p < 0.0001). The globulin level and reflux were significantly higher in IGFBP7-unmethylated patients compared to IGFBP7 methylated patients (p = 0.01). In EC patients, however, there was no significant relationship between IGFBP7 mRNA expression and methylation in the peripheral blood (p = 0.33). In addition, neither IGFBP7 mRNA expression nor methylation were shown to be linked with survival (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study indicated that promoter unmethylation and mRNA expression of the IGFBP7 promoter in peripheral blood could be different biomarkers for EC. Furthermore, unmethylation of the IGFBP7 promoter in EC patients was associated with reflux and elevated globulin levels. More studies with a larger number of cases is needed to confirm this association.
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Abstract
Human stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is an ortholog of fish stanniocalcins (STCs) and is widely expressed in various organs and tissues. The gene is localized on chromosome 5q33 or 5q35. STC2 has been implicated in glucose homeostasis and phosphorus metabolism. It is also reported to be implicated in various malignancies. STC2 was found to be implicated in breast cancer and gynecologic cancers, suggesting hormone-specific or -dependent activities in these malignancies. Moreover, it was reported to be involved in gastrointestinal tumors, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and liver cancers, and respiratory cancers, including laryngeal and lung cancers. It also influenced renal carcinoma and prostate cancer. Notably, as a secreted phosphoprotein, STC2 was detectable in serum and possessed promising predictive value in several malignancies. This review aims to improve the understanding of the role of STC2 in patient diagnosis and prognosis, and tumor development and progression, as well as the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, China
| | - Zhixian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Fuzong Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Zhu C, Xia Q, Gu B, Cui M, Zhang X, Yan W, Meng D, Shen S, Xie S, Li X, Jin H, Wang S. Esophageal Cancer Associated Immune Genes as Biomarkers for Predicting Outcome in Upper Gastrointestinal Tumors. Front Genet 2021; 12:707299. [PMID: 34349789 PMCID: PMC8327216 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.707299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most common tumor in the world, ranking the sixth leading cause of cancer death, with a 5-year survival rate of 15-25%. Therefore, reliable prognostic biomarkers are needed to effectively predict the prognosis of EC. In this study, the gene profile information of the EC cohort served as a training set, which was derived from TCGA and Immport databases. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed on the differential genes in normal and tumor groups of EC. The immune genes in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were further obtained for univariate and multivariate Cox and Lasso regression analysis, and 6 independent immune genes (S100A3, STC2, HSPA6, CCL25, GPER1, and OSM) associated with prognosis were obtained to establish an immune risk score signature (IRSS). The signature was validated using head and neck cancers (HNSC) and gastric cancer (GC)in upper gastrointestinal malignancies as validation sets. The Kaplan-Meier results showed that the prognosis of the high-risk group was significantly favorable than that of the low-risk group in both the training set (P < 0.001; HR = 3.68, 95% CI = 2.14−6.35) and the validation set (P = 0.010; HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.09−1.88). A nomogram combining multiple clinical information and IRSS was more effective than a single independent prognostic factor in predicting outcome. This study explored the potential link between immunity and EC, and established and validated prognostic biomarkers that can effectively predict the prognosis of EC, HNSC and GC based on six immune genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjing Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuqian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueliang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University (Nantong Tumor Hospital), Nantong, China
| | - Shizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang Z, Chen C, Fang Y, Li S, Wang X, Sun L, Zhou G, Ye J. Development of a prognostic signature for esophageal cancer based on nine immune related genes. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:113. [PMID: 33541291 PMCID: PMC7860013 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Function of the immune system is correlated with the prognosis of the tumor. The effect of immune microenvironment on esophageal cancer (EC) development has not been fully investigated. Methods This study aimed to explore a prognostic model based on immune-related genes (IRGs) for EC. We obtained the RNA-seq dataset and clinical information of EC from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results We identified 247 upregulated IRGs and 56 downregulated IRGs. Pathway analysis revealed that the most differentially expressed IRGs were enriched in Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. We further screened 13 survival-related IRGs and constructed regulatory networks involving related transcription factors (TFs). Finally, a prognostic model was constructed with 9 IRGs (HSPA6, S100A12, CACYBP, NOS2, DKK1, OSM, STC2, NGPTL3 and NR2F2) by multivariate Cox regression analysis. The patients were classified into two subgroups with different outcomes. When adjusted with clinical factors, this model was verified as an independent predictor, which performed accurately in prognostic prediction. Next, M0 and M2 macrophages and activated mast cells were significantly enriched in high-risk group, while CD8 T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were significantly enriched in low-risk group. Conclusions Prognosis related IRGs were identified and a prognostic signature for esophageal cancer based on nine IRGs was developed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07813-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoren Zhou
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jinjun Ye
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
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Jin L, Shen F, Weinfeld M, Sergi C. Insulin Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 (IGFBP7)-Related Cancer and IGFBP3 and IGFBP7 Crosstalk. Front Oncol 2020; 10:727. [PMID: 32500027 PMCID: PMC7242731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin/insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have crucial tasks in the growth, differentiation, and proliferation of healthy and pernicious cells. They are involved in coordinated complexes, including receptors, ligands, binding proteins, and proteases. However, the systems can become dysregulated in tumorigenesis. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is a protein belonging to the IGFBP superfamily (also termed GFBP-related proteins). Numerous studies have provided evidence that IGFBP3 and IGFBP7 are involved in a variety of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), breast cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, among many others. Still, very few suggest an interaction between these two molecules. In studying several cancer types in our laboratories, we found that both proteins share some crucial signaling pathways. The objective of this review is to present a comprehensive overview of the relationship between IGFBP7 and cancer, as well as highlighting IGFBP3 crosstalk with IGFBP7 reported in recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shiyan Taihe Hospital, College of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Fan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Michael Weinfeld
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Stollery Children's Hospital, University Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Lin C, Sun L, Huang S, Weng X, Wu Z. STC2 Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Pancreatic Cancer and Promotes Migration and Invasion by Inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Biomed Res Int 2019; 2019:8042489. [PMID: 32258098 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8042489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is implicated in cancer development. STC2 acts as a tumor promoter to drive some cancers. However, its contribution to the development of pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study showed that the expression of STC2 was significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues. Moreover, its expression was positively correlated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis and negatively correlated with 5-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients. Additionally, the expression levels of STC2 were a novel biomarker for predicting overall survival rate after surgery. Furthermore, overexpression of STC2 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines, while knocking down of STC2 led to antiproliferation and antimetastasis activities. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that the expression of STC2 could significantly promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cells. These data indicated that the overexpression of STC2 in pancreatic cancer contributes to the metastasis through the promotion of EMT, suggesting that STC2 is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Huang X, Hong C, Peng Y, Yang S, Huang L, Liu C, Chen L, Chu L, Xu L, Xu Y. The Diagnostic Value of Serum IGFBP7 in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:2687-2693. [PMID: 31258777 PMCID: PMC6584926 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is one of the leading malignant cancer in the world and especially in China with high incidence and mortality. The exploration of novel serum biomarkers is required for early detection of ESCC. We investigated the diagnostic value of serum insulin like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in ESCC, evaluating its potential to improve the diagnosis of ESCC. The serum samples of 106 patients with ESCC and 107 normal controls were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of IGFBP7 in ESCC group were significantly higher than that in normal controls, compared by the Mann-Whitney U test (P<0.0001). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the diagnostic value of serum IGFBP7 was demonstrated. Versus normal group, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of all ESCC was 0.794 (95%CI: 0.735-0.853) and early-stage ESCC was 0.725 (95%CI: 0.633-0.817). With optimized cutoff value of 2.993 ng/mL, IGFBP7 showed certain diagnostic value with specificity of 90.7%, sensitivities of 40.6% and 32.4% in ESCC and early-stage ESCC, respectively. Considering the correlation between clinical data and IGFBP7, no significant association was found (all P>0.05). Thus, we supposed that serum IGFBP7 might be a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
| | - Chaoqun Hong
- Department of Oncological Laboratory Research, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
| | - Yuhui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
| | - Shihan Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515041
| | - Lisheng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
| | - Cantong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
| | - Liuyi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
| | - Lingyu Chu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
| | - Liyan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yiwei Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, PR China; ; telephone number: +86-159-8970-1200. Correspondence may also be addressed to Liyan Xu, E-mail:
| | - Yiwei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yiwei Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, PR China; ; telephone number: +86-159-8970-1200. Correspondence may also be addressed to Liyan Xu, E-mail:
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Abstract
Purpose INHBA, which encodes a member of the TGF-beta superfamily of proteins, has been identified to play a critical role in different types of cancer. However, its clinical significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has never been reported. Patients and methods In this study, we collected 239 ESCC paraffin-embedded specimens and measured the expression of INHBA with immunohistochemistry (IHC). The clinical and prognostic significance of INHBA expression was statistically analyzed. What is more, we conducted a meta-analysis to study the prognostic value of INHBA expression in multiple types of solid tumors. Results The results showed that INHBA expression was observed predominantly in the cytoplasm of cells in the ESCC specimens. INHBA expression was closely correlated with N categories (P=0.026). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that ESCC patients in the low INHBA expression subgroup had significantly better prognosis than those with high INHBA level. Subgroup analysis revealed that INHBA distinguished the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) when patients were stratified by TNM stage status and N status. Multivariate analysis results suggested that INHBA expression was an independent factor that affected OS (HR =1.679, P=0.022) and DFS (HR =1.715, P=0.017). In the meta-analysis, six papers with 1321 patients were included and patients with high INHBA level had worse prognosis than patients with low INHBA level (HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.75–3.57, P<0.0001). Conclusion High INHBA level predicts poor prognosis in ESCC and other solid tumors. More studies are required to elucidate the role of INHBA and its clinical application in cancer settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lyu
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Cancer Center, People's Hospital of Baoan District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Yan
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Kashyap MK. Role of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in the pathophysiology and tumorigenesis of gastroesophageal cancers. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8247-57. [PMID: 26369544 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3972-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin family of proteins include insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) that are classified into two groups based on their differential affinities to IGFs: IGF high-affinity binding proteins (IGFBP1-6) and IGF low-affinity IGFBP-related proteins (IGFBP-rP1-10). IGFBPs interact with many proteins, including their canonical ligands insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) and IGF-II. Together with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor (IGF1R), IGF2R, and ligands (IGF1 and IGF2), IGFBPs participate in a complex signaling axis called IGF-IGFR-IGFBP. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the IGF-IGFR-IGFBP axis is relevant in gastrointestinal (GI) and other cancers. The presence of different IGFBPs have been reported in gastrointestinal cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAD or EAC), and gastric adenocarcinoma (GAD or GAC). A literature-based survey clearly indicates that an urgent need exists for a focused review of the role of IGFBPs in gastrointestinal cancers. The aim of this review is to present the biochemical and molecular characteristics of IGFBPs with an emphasis specifically on the role of these proteins in the pathophysiology and tumorigenesis of gastroesophageal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Kashyap
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 3855 Health Science Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0820, USA.
- Department of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Syed N, Barbhuiya MA, Pinto SM, Nirujogi RS, Renuse S, Datta KK, Khan AA, Srikumar K, Prasad TSK, Kumar MV, Kumar RV, Chatterjee A, Pandey A, Gowda H. Phosphotyrosine profiling identifies ephrin receptor A2 as a potential therapeutic target in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. Proteomics 2015; 15:374-82. [PMID: 25366905 PMCID: PMC4309511 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous‐cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignancies in Asia. Currently, surgical resection of early‐stage tumor is the best available treatment. However, most patients present late when surgery is not an option. Data suggest that chemotherapy regimens are inadequate for clinical management of advanced cancer. Targeted therapy has emerged as one of the most promising approaches to treat several malignancies. A prerequisite for developing targeted therapy is prior knowledge of proteins and pathways that drive proliferation in malignancies. We carried out phosphotyrosine profiling across four different ESCC cell lines and compared it to non‐neoplastic Het‐1A cell line to identify activated tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in ESCC. A total of 278 unique phosphopeptides were identified across these cell lines. This included several tyrosine kinases and their substrates that were hyperphosphorylated in ESCC. Ephrin receptor A2 (EPHA2), a receptor tyrosine kinase, was hyperphosphorylated in all the ESCC cell lines used in the study. EPHA2 is reported to be oncogenic in several cancers and is also known to promote metastasis. Immunohistochemistry‐based studies have revealed EPHA2 is overexpressed in nearly 50% of ESCC. We demonstrated EPHA2 as a potential therapeutic target in ESCC by carrying out siRNA‐based knockdown studies. Knockdown of EPHA2 in ESCC cell line TE8 resulted in significant decrease in cell proliferation and invasion, suggesting it is a promising therapeutic target in ESCC that warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Syed
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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Gambaro K, Quinn MCJ, Cáceres-Gorriti KY, Shapiro RS, Provencher D, Rahimi K, Mes-Masson AM, Tonin PN. Low levels of IGFBP7 expression in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is associated with patient outcome. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:135. [PMID: 25886299 PMCID: PMC4381406 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) has been suggested to act as a tumour suppressor gene in various human cancers, yet its role in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has not yet been investigated. We previously observed that IGFBP7 was one of several genes found significantly upregulated in an EOC cell line model rendered non-tumourigenic as consequence of genetic manipulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of IGFBP7 in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSC), the most common type of EOC. METHODS We analysed IGFBP7 gene expression in 11 normal ovarian surface epithelial cells (NOSE), 79 high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSC), and seven EOC cell lines using a custom gene expression array platform. IGFBP7 mRNA expression profiles were also extracted from publicly available databases. Protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry of 175 HGSC and 10 normal fallopian tube samples using tissue microarray and related to disease outcome. We used EOC cells to investigate possible mechanisms of gene inactivation and describe various in vitro growth effects of exposing EOC cell lines to human recombinant IGFBP7 protein and conditioned media. RESULTS All HGSCs exhibited IGFBP7 expression levels that were significantly (p = 0.001) lower than the mean of the expression value of NOSE samples and that of a whole ovary sample. IGFBP7 gene and protein expression were lower in tumourigenic EOC cell lines relative to a non-tumourigenic EOC cell line. None of the EOC cell lines harboured a somatic mutation in IGFBP7, although loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the IGFBP7 locus and epigenetic methylation silencing of the IGFBP7 promoter was observed in two of the cell lines exhibiting loss of gene/protein expression. In vitro functional assays revealed an alteration of the EOC cell migration capacity. Protein expression analysis of HGSC samples revealed that the large majority of tumour cores (72.6%) showed low or absence of IGFBP7 staining and revealed a significant correlation between IGFBP7 protein expression and a prolonged overall survival (p = 0.044). CONCLUSION The low levels of IGFPB7 in HGSC relative to normal tissues, and association with survival are consistent with a purported role in tumour suppressor pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Gambaro
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1B1, Canada. .,Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal/Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, H2X 0B9, Canada.
| | - Michael C J Quinn
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1B1, Canada. .,Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal/Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, H2X 0B9, Canada.
| | - Katia Y Cáceres-Gorriti
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal/Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, H2X 0B9, Canada.
| | - Rebecca S Shapiro
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1B1, Canada.
| | - Diane Provencher
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal/Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, H2X 0B9, Canada. .,Department of Obstetric-Gynecology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H2L 4M1, Canada.
| | - Kurosh Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal/Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, H2X 0B9, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Patricia N Tonin
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1B1, Canada. .,The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, H3G 1A4, Canada. .,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Site Glen Pavillion Block E, Cancer Research Program E026217 (cubicle E), Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Abstract
Carcinogenic transformation of cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized on molecular level by, among other things, changes in protein expression. Among all proteins related to inflammation, cytokines may be implicated as possible biological markers of esophageal cancer. These biomarkers, near imaging techniques, may be helpful in diagnosis and monitoring therapy in ESCC patients. This review demonstrates findings of researches on dysregulation of cytokines in ESCC and their clinical and pathological implications. Articles on cytokines were selected according to the following criteria: (i) the study was performed at protein level, (ii) the differences in cytokines expression or concentration were detected in tissues or serum from ESCC patients, (iii) the alterations of cytokines levels were detected by: immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blot (WB) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Members of VEGF family seem to play an essential role as potential markers in ESCC. The results of all cytokines researches are promising but further studies are necessary to establish the biological significance of these peptydes in ESCC, their potential usefulness for early diagnosis, pre- and postoperative prognosis and monitoring of the respond to chemo- and radiotherapy of cancer patients.
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Smith E, Ruszkiewicz AR, Jamieson GG, Drew PA. IGFBP7 is associated with poor prognosis in oesophageal adenocarcinoma and is regulated by promoter DNA methylation. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:775-82. [PMID: 24357797 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined whether silencing of IGFBP7 was associated with survival in patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS Protein expression of IGFBP7 was determined using immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray representing tumours from 65 patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma who had not had neoadjuvant therapy. DNA methylation of the IGFBP7 promoter was determined with the melt curve analysis in cell lines and patient tissues. RESULTS Expression of IGFBP7 was observed in the oesophageal adenocarcinoma of 34 out of 65 (52%) patients and was associated with significantly reduced median (11 vs 92 months) and 5-year survival (25% vs 52%). Multivariate analysis identified expression as an independent prognostic indicator for survival (hazard ratio=3.24, 95% confidence interval=1.58-6.67, P-value=0.0014). Hypermethylation of IGFBP7 was associated with silencing of gene expression in cell lines and patient tissues (P-value=0.0225). Methylation was observed in the squamous mucosa of 2 out of 15 (13%) patients with Barrett's oesophagus and 3 out of 17 (18%) with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Methylation was observed in 14 out of 18 (78%) of biopsies of Barrett's mucosa and 23 out of 34 (68%) patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION Reduced IGFBP7 protein expression was associated with longer survival in patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Methylation of the IGFBP7 promoter was associated with silencing of gene expression and was frequent in Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
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