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Espadas I, Wingfield J, Grinman E, Ghosh I, Chanda K, Nakahata Y, Bauer K, Raveendra B, Kiebler M, Yasuda R, Rangaraju V, Puthanveettil S. SLAMR, a synaptically targeted lncRNA, facilitates the consolidation of contextual fear memory. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2489387. [PMID: 36993323 PMCID: PMC10055528 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2489387/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
LncRNAs are involved in critical processes for cell homeostasis and function. However, it remains largely unknown whether and how the transcriptional regulation of long noncoding RNAs results in activity-dependent changes at the synapse and facilitate formation of long-term memories. Here, we report the identification of a novel lncRNA, SLAMR, that becomes enriched in CA1- but not in CA3-hippocampal neurons upon contextual fear conditioning. SLAMR is transported to dendrites via the molecular motor KIF5C and recruited to the synapse in response to stimulation. Loss of function of SLAMR reduced dendritic complexity and impaired activity dependent changes in spine structural plasticity. Interestingly, gain of function of SLAMR enhanced dendritic complexity, and spine density through enhanced translation. Analyses of the SLAMR interactome revealed its association with CaMKIIα protein through a 220-nucleotide element and its modulation of CaMKIIα activity. Furthermore, loss-of-function of SLAMR in CA1 selectively impairs consolidation but neither acquisition, recall, nor extinction of fear memory and spatial memory. Together, these results establish a new mechanism for activity dependent changes at the synapse and consolidation of contextual fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Espadas
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Jenna Wingfield
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Eddie Grinman
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Ilika Ghosh
- Max Planck Florida Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | - Karl Bauer
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bindu Raveendra
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Michael Kiebler
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | - Sathyanarayanan Puthanveettil
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
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Wang YW, Wang L, Yuan SJ, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhou LT. Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Transcriptome-Based Comparison of Animal Models. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:900350. [PMID: 35837480 PMCID: PMC9273890 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.900350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication characterized by a significant cognitive decline. Increasing evidence suggests an association between the pathogenesis of POCD and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, a comprehensive understanding of their relationships is still lacking. Methods First, related databases were obtained from GEO, ArrayExpress, CNGB, and DDBJ repositories. De novo analysis was performed on the raw data using a uniform bioinformatics workflow. Then, macro- and micro-level comparisons were conducted between the transcriptomic changes associated with AD and POCD. Lastly, POCD was induced in male C57BL/6j mice and the hippocampal expression levels of mRNAs of interest were verified by PCR and compared to those in AD congenic models. Results There was a very weak correlation in the fold-changes in protein-coding transcripts between AD and POCD. Overall pathway-level comparison suggested that AD and POCD are two disease entities. Consistently, in the classical AD pathway, the mitochondrial complex and tubulin mRNAs were downregulated in both the POCD hippocampus and cortex. POCD and AD hippocampi might share the same pathways, such as tryptophan metabolism, but undergo different pathological changes in phagosome and transferrin endocytosis pathways. The core cluster in the hippocampal network was mainly enriched in mitosis-related pathways. The hippocampal expression levels of genes of interest detected by PCR showed good consistency with those generated by high throughput platforms. Conclusion POCD and AD are associated with different transcriptomic changes despite their similar clinical manifestations. This study provides a valuable resource for identifying biomarkers and therapeutic targets for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Xin Zhang,
| | - Le-Ting Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Le-Ting Zhou,
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Patwardhan AG, Belemkar S. An update on Alzheimer's disease: Immunotherapeutic agents, stem cell therapy and gene editing. Life Sci 2021; 282:119790. [PMID: 34245772 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a chronic lifestyle ailment whose occurrence has come to light with the increasing life expectancy due to better healthcare. The patient burden for AD is set to double by the year 2060 and advancement in research is of utmost importance to combat this problem. AD is characterized by the pathological hallmarks of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The disease has been implicated to have a genetic predisposition. The current treatment strategies are at best ameliorative in nature and offer no substantive cure. Immunotherapeutic approaches employed have shown few therapeutic benefits but the accelerated approval of aducanumab by the US-FDA shows clinical benefit merit. In addition, newer therapeutic approaches are the need of the hour. This review aims to highlight the pathology of the disease, followed by an insight into newer approaches like stem cell therapy and gene editing, focusing on possible CRISPR mediated targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryaman Girish Patwardhan
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India.
| | - Sateesh Belemkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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Pahrudin Arrozi A, Yanagisawa D, Kato T, Akatsu H, Hashizume Y, Kaneda D, Tooyama I. Nasal Extracts from Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Induce Tau Aggregates in a Cellular Model of Tau Propagation. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2021; 5:263-274. [PMID: 34113783 PMCID: PMC8150252 DOI: 10.3233/adr-210298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence indicates that the misfolded tau protein can propagate aggregates between cells in a prion-like manner. This prion activity has been typically studied in brain extracts of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but not in the olfactory region that can be a potential biomarker in AD. Objective: To investigate the prion seeding activity of tau in nasal mucosa tissues using a cell culture model of tau propagation. Methods: Brain and nasal mucosa homogenates were added to HEK293T cells expressing three repeat or four-repeat domains of tau with the L266V, V337M (3RD*VM) and P301L and V377M mutations (4RD*LM) fused to the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) respectively. We also measured the level of phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total tau (t-tau), and p-tau/t-tau ratio and performed correlation analysis between tau prion activity and the level of tau. Results: We found that brain and nasal tissue homogenates from patients with AD significantly induced tau aggregation in HEK293T cells either expressing tau 3RD*VM-EGFP or 4RD*LM-EGFP compared with control brain and nasal tissue homogenates. The levels of p-tau and p-tau/t-tau ratio were significantly increased in the brain of patients with AD; however, no significant difference was found in nasal tissue compared with their respective control tissue homogenates. Conclusion: These results suggest that the nasal tissues contain tau seeds, similar to the brain, albeit without changes in the levels of p-tau and t-tau. Therefore, a cellular bioassay using nasal tissues would have great potential as an AD biomarker because of the usefulness of nasal tissue biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslina Pahrudin Arrozi
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
| | - Daijiro Yanagisawa
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- Department of Community-based Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | | | - Daita Kaneda
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
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Rabbito A, Dulewicz M, Kulczyńska-Przybik A, Mroczko B. Biochemical Markers in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1989. [PMID: 32183332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases affecting more than 35 million people in the world, and its incidence is estimated to triple by 2050. Alzheimer’s disease is an age-related disease characterized by the progressive loss of memory and cognitive function, caused by the unstoppable neurodegeneration and brain atrophy. Current AD treatments only relieve the symptoms. The first molecular signs of the disease identified decades ago and were related to the tau neurofibrillary tangles and the β amyloid plaques. Despite the considerable progress in the diagnostic field, there is no certain knowledge of the specific biomarkers reflecting molecular mechanisms that trigger the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, there is an enormous need to find biomarkers useful for early diagnosis, before the first symptoms appear, and develop new therapeutic targets, which would guarantee improving patients’ quality of life. Researchers from all around the world are looking for biomarkers that can be identified in different biological fluids such as plasma, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid, specific for Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we would like to resume some of the most interesting discovery in pathological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s disease and promising biomarkers.
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Sung PS, Lin PY, Liu CH, Su HC, Tsai KJ. Neuroinflammation and Neurogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease and Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E701. [PMID: 31973106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In adult brain, new neurons are generated throughout adulthood in the subventricular zone and the dentate gyrus; this process is commonly known as adult neurogenesis. The regulation or modulation of adult neurogenesis includes various intrinsic pathways (signal transduction pathway and epigenetic or genetic modulation pathways) or extrinsic pathways (metabolic growth factor modulation, vascular, and immune system pathways). Altered neurogenesis has been identified in Alzheimer's disease (AD), in both human AD brains and AD rodent models. The exact mechanism of the dysregulation of adult neurogenesis in AD has not been completely elucidated. However, neuroinflammation has been demonstrated to alter adult neurogenesis. The presence of various inflammatory components, such as immune cells, cytokines, or chemokines, plays a role in regulating the survival, proliferation, and maturation of neural stem cells. Neuroinflammation has also been considered as a hallmark neuropathological feature of AD. In this review, we summarize current, state-of-the art perspectives on adult neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, and the relationship between these two phenomena in AD. Furthermore, we discuss the potential therapeutic approaches, focusing on the anti-inflammatory and proneurogenic interventions that have been reported in this field.
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Montalbano M, McAllen S, Sengupta U, Puangmalai N, Bhatt N, Ellsworth A, Kayed R. Tau oligomers mediate aggregation of RNA-binding proteins Musashi1 and Musashi2 inducing Lamin alteration. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e13035. [PMID: 31532069 PMCID: PMC6826126 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The exact mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies are not yet entirely understood. However, it is known that several RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) form toxic aggregates and also interact with tau in such granules in tauopathies, including AD. The Musashi (MSI) family of RBPs, consisting of two homologues: Musashi1 and Musashi2, have not been extensively investigated in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, using a tau inducible HEK (iHEK) model we investigate whether MSI proteins contribute to the aggregation of toxic tau oligomers (TauO). Wild-type and mutant P301L tau iHEK cells are used to study the effect of different tau variants on the cellular localization of MSI proteins. Interestingly, we observe that tau co-localizes with MSI in the cytoplasm and nuclei, altering the nuclear transport of MSI. Furthermore, incremental changes in the size and density of nuclear MSI/tau foci are observed. We also report here that TauO interact with MSI to cause the formation of distinct nuclear aggregates. Moreover, tau/MSI aggregates induce structural changes to LaminB1, leading to nuclear instability. These results illustrate a possible mechanism of neurodegeneration mediated by the aggregation of MSI proteins and TauO, suggesting that MSI plays a critical role in cellular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Montalbano
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Salome McAllen
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Urmi Sengupta
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Nicha Puangmalai
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Nemil Bhatt
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Anna Ellsworth
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
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Abstract
It has been almost a decade since the hypothesis of active tau protein propagation in Alzheimer's disease and associated tauopathies was formally raised. We view tau propagation as a cascade of events, starting with early tau misfolding, followed by transfer to another, anatomically connected, cell, contaminating in corruption of endogenous tau in the recipient cell through a seeding mechanism of templated misfolding. These mechanisms are very similar to those of other proteinopathies and to ideas about how prion pathologies spread through the brain. Nonetheless, the specific mechanisms underlying each of these steps remains uncertain and is a fertile ground for new experimental approaches potentially requiring new experimental models. We review, here, the state of the art of the research on tau prion-like propagation and we highlight some key challenges to understanding the detailed mechanisms of cell to cell propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Dujardin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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Matsumoto G, Matsumoto K, Kimura T, Suhara T, Higuchi M, Sahara N, Mori N. Tau Fibril Formation in Cultured Cells Compatible with a Mouse Model of Tauopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051497. [PMID: 29772786 PMCID: PMC5983680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein are primarily neuropathological features of a number of neurodegenerative diseases collectively termed tauopathy. To understand the mechanisms underlying the cause of tauopathy, precise cellular and animal models are required. Recent data suggest that the transient introduction of exogenous tau can accelerate the development of tauopathy in the brains of non-transgenic and transgenic mice expressing wild-type human tau. However, the transmission mechanism leading to tauopathy is not fully understood. In this study, we developed cultured-cell models of tauopathy representing a human tauopathy. Neuro2a (N2a) cells containing propagative tau filaments were generated by introducing purified tau fibrils. These cell lines expressed full-length (2N4R) human tau and the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused repeat domain of tau with P301L mutation. Immunocytochemistry and super-resolution microscopic imaging revealed that tau inclusions exhibited filamentous morphology and were composed of both full-length and repeat domain fragment tau. Live-cell imaging analysis revealed that filamentous tau inclusions are transmitted to daughter cells, resulting in yeast-prion-like propagation. By a standard method of tau preparation, both full-length tau and repeat domain fragments were recovered in sarkosyl insoluble fraction. Hyperphosphorylation of full-length tau was confirmed by the immunoreactivity of phospho-Tau antibodies and mobility shifts by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). These properties were similar to the biochemical features of P301L mutated human tau in a mouse model of tauopathy. In addition, filamentous tau aggregates in cells barely co-localized with ubiquitins, suggesting that most tau aggregates were excluded from protein degradation systems, and thus propagated to daughter cells. The present cellular model of tauopathy will provide an advantage for dissecting the mechanisms of tau aggregation and degradation and be a powerful tool for drug screening to prevent tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Matsumoto
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Matsumoto
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Taeko Kimura
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Naruhiko Sahara
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Nozomu Mori
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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