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Jang Y, Cho YS, Kim A, Zhou X, Kim Y, Wan Z, Moon JJ, Park H. CXCR4-Targeted Macrophage-Derived Biomimetic Hybrid Vesicle Nanoplatform for Enhanced Cancer Therapy through Codelivery of Manganese and Doxorubicin. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:17129-17144. [PMID: 38533538 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Immune-cell-derived membranes have garnered significant attention as innovative delivery modalities in cancer immunotherapy for their intrinsic immune-modulating functionalities and superior biocompatibilities. Integrating additional parental cell membranes or synthetic lipid vesicles into cellular vesicles can further potentiate their capacities to perform combinatorial pharmacological activities in activating antitumor immunity, thus providing insights into the potential of hybrid cellular vesicles as versatile delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we have developed a macrophage-membrane-derived hybrid vesicle that has the dual functions of transporting immunotherapeutic drugs and shaping the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages for cancer immunotherapy. The platform combines M1 macrophage-membrane-derived vesicles with CXCR4-binding-peptide-conjugated liposomes loaded with manganese and doxorubicin. The hybrid nanovesicles exhibited remarkable macrophage-targeting capacity through the CXCR4-binding peptide, resulting in enhanced macrophage polarization to the antitumoral M1 phenotype characterized by proinflammatory cytokine release. The manganese/doxorubicin-loaded hybrid vesicles in the CXCR4-expressing tumor cells evoked potent cancer cytotoxicity, immunogenic cell death of tumor cells, and STING activation. Moreover, cotreatment with manganese and doxorubicin promoted dendritic cell maturation, enabling effective tumor growth inhibition. In murine models of CT26 colon carcinoma and 4T1 breast cancer, intravenous administration of the manganese/doxorubicin-loaded hybrid vesicles elicited robust tumor-suppressing activity at a low dosage without adverse systemic effects. Local administration of hybrid nanovesicles also induced an abscessive effect in a bilateral 4T1 tumor model. This study demonstrates a promising biomimetic manganese/doxorubicin-based hybrid nanovesicle platform for effective cancer immunotherapy tailored to the tumor microenvironment, which may offer an innovative approach to combinatorial immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonwoo Jang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Cho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - April Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xingwu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ziye Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - James J Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Chang JJ, Wang YC, Yang SH, Wu JY, Chang MW, Wang HMD. Pioneering Astaxanthin-Tumor Cell Membrane Nanoparticles for Innovative Targeted Drug Delivery on Melanoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2395-2407. [PMID: 38469059 PMCID: PMC10926870 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s439476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the use of the tumor or its secretions as drug carriers has gradually become popular, with the advantages of high biocompatibility and enhanced drug delivery to specific cells. Melanoma is the most malignant tumor of all skin cancers; it is the most metastatic and, therefore, the most difficult to treat. The main purpose of this study is to develop nanovesicles with tumor cell membrane secretion properties to encapsulate target substances to enhance the therapeutic effect of cancer. Methods Astaxanthin was selected as an anticancer drug due to our previous research finding that astaxanthin has extremely high antioxidant, anti-ultraviolet damage, and anti-tumor properties. The manufacturing method of the astaxanthin nanovesicle carrier is to mix melanoma cells and astaxanthin in an appropriate ratio and then remove the genetic material and inflammatory factors of cancer cells by extrusion. Results In terms of results, after the co-culture of astaxanthin nanovesicles and melanoma cancer cells, it was confirmed that the ability of astaxanthin nanovesicles to inhibit the growth and metastasis of melanoma cancer cells was significantly better than the same amount of astaxanthin alone, and it had no effect on normal Human cells are also effective. There was no apparent harm on normal cells, indicating the ability of the vesicles to be selectively transported. Conclusion Our findings illustrated the potential of astaxanthin nanovesicles as an anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Jen Chang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Bachelor Program of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Yu Wu
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Chang
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster, Belfast, BT15 1AB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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3
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Bi Y, Chen J, Li Q, Li Y, Zhang L, Zhida L, Yuan F, Zhang R. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicle drug delivery system for chemo-photothermal-immune combination cancer treatment. iScience 2024; 27:108833. [PMID: 38333709 PMCID: PMC10850737 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor extracellular vesicles (EVs) demonstrate considerable promise for medication delivery and tumor targeting owing to their natural long-term blood circulation and tissue targeting capabilities. We extracted EVs from mouse breast cancer cell 4T1 using UV stimulation and differential centrifugation. To create a new nano-drug delivery system, the vesicle delivery system (EPM) loaded with melanin and paclitaxel albumin (PA), the collected EVs were repeatedly compressed on a 200 nm porous polycarbonate membrane with melanin and PA. Our findings suggest that EPM is readily absorbed by breast cancer and dendritic cells. EPM generates significant photoacoustic signals and photothermal effects when exposed to near-infrared light and can enhance the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in mouse tumor tissues. EPM is more cytotoxic than PA in in vivo and in vitro investigations. The efficacy of EPM in clinical transformation when paired with chemotherapy/photothermal/immunotherapy treatment is demonstrated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Bi
- Center of Gene Sequencing, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, P.R. China
| | - Jieya Chen
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Center of Gene Sequencing, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Liu Zhida
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Fajia Yuan
- Shanxi Jinzhong Health School, Jinzhong 030600, P.R. China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, P.R. China
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Xiao P, Han X, Huang Y, Yang J, Chen L, Cai Z, Hu N, Cui W, Huang W. Reprogramming macrophages via immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres for osteoarthritis treatments. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:242-259. [PMID: 37869722 PMCID: PMC10589729 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulating macrophage activation precisely is crucial in treating chronic inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA). However, the stable pro-inflammatory state and deep distribution of macrophages in vivo pose a great challenge to treatment. In this study, inspired by the innate immune, immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres were constructed by microfluidic methods and load chemokines, macrophage antibodies and engineered cell membrane vesicles (sEVs) via covalent and non-covalent junctions. The immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres, based on a mixture of streptavidin grafted hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA-SA) and Chondroitin sulfate methacrylate (ChSMA) microspheres (HCM), can recruit, capture and reprogram proinflammatory macrophages in the joint cavity to improve the joint inflammatory microenvironment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres had excellent macrophage recruitment, capture, and reprogramming abilities. Pro-inflammatory macrophages can be transformed into anti-inflammatory macrophages with an efficiency of 88.5 %. Animal experiments also revealed significant reduction in synovial inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation of OA. Therefore, the immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres may be an effective treatment of OA inflammation for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianye Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengwei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
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Nan Y, Zhang X, Wang S, Xu C, Wang Y, Han L, Luan J, Hu X, Chen W, Cao Z, Zhu Z, Zeng X, Fan J, Ye L, Shi X, Ju D. Targeting CD47 enhanced the antitumor immunity of PD-L1 blockade in B-cell lymphoma. Immunotherapy 2023; 15:175-187. [PMID: 36727256 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Only a subset of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) patients can benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1. Materials & methods: In the A20 model, SIRPα-Fc and anti-PD-L1 were employed to target CD47 and PD-L1 simultaneously. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to unravel the potential mechanisms. Results: Simultaneously targeting CD47 and PD-L1 activated CD8+ T cells with an increased release of effector molecules. Furthermore, infiltration of F4/80+iNOS+ M1 macrophages was enhanced by the dual therapy. Conclusion: Anti-CD47 therapy could sensitize BCL tumors to anti-PD-L1 therapy in a CD8+ T-cell- and M1-macrophage-dependent manner by promoting cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltration, which may provide a potential strategy for BCL treatment by simultaneously targeting CD47 and PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Nan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuyao Zhang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shaofei Wang
- Department of Cellular & Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Caili Xu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jingyun Luan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaozhi Hu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zeguo Zhu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xian Zeng
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xunlong Shi
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Karnas E, Dudek P, Zuba-Surma EK. Stem cell- derived extracellular vesicles as new tools in regenerative medicine - Immunomodulatory role and future perspectives. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1120175. [PMID: 36761725 PMCID: PMC9902918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1120175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the practical use of stem cells (SCs) in the clinic has attracted significant attention in the regenerative medicine due to the ability of these cells to proliferate and differentiate into other cell types. However, recent findings have demonstrated that the therapeutic capacity of SCs may also be mediated by their ability to secrete biologically active factors, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). Such submicron circular membrane-enveloped vesicles may be released from the cell surface and harbour bioactive cargo in the form of proteins, lipids, mRNA, miRNA, and other regulatory factors. Notably, growing evidence has indicated that EVs may transfer their bioactive content into recipient cells and greatly modulate their functional fate. Thus, they have been recently envisioned as a new class of paracrine factors in cell-to-cell communication. Importantly, EVs may modulate the activity of immune system, playing an important role in the regulation of inflammation, exhibiting broad spectrum of the immunomodulatory activity that promotes the transition from pro-inflammatory to pro-regenerative environment in the site of tissue injury. Consequently, growing interest is placed on attempts to utilize EVs in clinical applications of inflammatory-related dysfunctions as potential next-generation therapeutic factors, alternative to cell-based approaches. In this review we will discuss the current knowledge on the biological properties of SC-derived EVs, with special focus on their role in the regulation of inflammatory response. We will also address recent findings on the immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative activity of EVs in several disease models, including in vitro and in vivo preclinical, as well as clinical studies. Finally, we will highlight the current perspectives and future challenges of emerging EV-based therapeutic strategies of inflammation-related diseases treatment.
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Harvey B, Fu X, Li L, Neupane KR, Anand N, Kolesar JM, Richards CI. Dendritic Cell Membrane-Derived Nanovesicles for Targeted T Cell Activation. ACS Omega 2022; 7:46222-46233. [PMID: 36570199 PMCID: PMC9773342 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
T cells play an integral role in the generation of an effective immune response and are responsible for clearing foreign microbes that have bypassed innate immune system defenses and possess cognate antigens. The immune response can be directed toward a desired target through the selective priming and activation of T cells. Due to their ability to activate a T cell response, dendritic cells and endogenous vesicles from dendritic cells are being developed for cancer immunotherapy treatment. However, current platforms, such as exosomes and synthetic nanoparticles, are limited by their production methods and application constraints. Here, we engineer nanovesicles derived from dendritic cell membranes with similar properties as dendritic cell exosomes via nitrogen cavitation. These cell-derived nanovesicles are capable of activating antigen-specific T cells through direct and indirect mechanisms. Additionally, these nanovesicles can be produced in large yields, overcoming production constraints that limit clinical application of alternative immunomodulatory vesicle or nanoparticle-based methods. Thus, dendritic cell-derived nanovesicles generated by nitrogen cavitation show potential as an immunotherapy platform to stimulate and direct T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock
T. Harvey
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Xu Fu
- Light
Microscopy Facility, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Lan Li
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Khaga R. Neupane
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Namrata Anand
- Department
of Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Jill M. Kolesar
- Department
of Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Christopher I. Richards
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a regulated cell death (RCD) pathway. In response to physical and chemical signals, tumor cells activate specific signaling pathways that stimulate stress responses in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and expose damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which promote antitumor immune responses. As a result, the tumor microenvironment is altered, and many tumor cells are killed. The ICD response in tumor cells requires inducers. These inducers can be from different sources and contribute to the development of the ICD either indirectly or directly. The combination of ICD inducers with other tumor treatments further enhances the immune response in tumor cells, and more tumor cells are killed; however, it also produces side effects of varying severity. New induction methods based on nanotechnology improve the antitumor ability and significantly reduces side effects because they can target tumor cells precisely. In this review, we introduce the characteristics and mechanisms of ICD responses in tumor cells and the DAMPs associated with ICD responses, summarize the current methods of inducing ICD response in tumor cells in five distinct categories: chemical sources, physical sources, pathogenic sources, combination therapies, and innovative therapies. At the same time, we introduce the limitations of current ICD inducers and make a summary of the use of ICD responses in clinical trials. Finally, we provide an outlook on the future of ICD inducer development and provide some constructive suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Wang YT, Ji WD, Jiao HM, Lu A, Chen KF, Liu QB. Targeting 4-1BB for tumor immunotherapy from bench to bedside. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975926. [PMID: 36189243 PMCID: PMC9523430 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune dysfunction has been proposed as a factor that may contribute to disease progression. Emerging evidence suggests that immunotherapy aims to abolish cancer progression by modulating the balance of the tumor microenvironment. 4-1BB (also known as CD137 and TNFRS9), a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, has been validated as an extremely attractive and promising target for immunotherapy due to the upregulated expression in the tumor environment and its involvement in tumor progression. More importantly, 4-1BB-based immunotherapy approaches have manifested powerful antitumor effects in clinical trials targeting 4-1BB alone or in combination with other immune checkpoints. In this review, we will summarize the structure and expression of 4-1BB and its ligand, discuss the role of 4-1BB in the microenvironment and tumor progression, and update the development of drugs targeting 4-1BB. The purpose of the review is to furnish a comprehensive overview of the potential of 4-1BB as an immunotherapeutic target and to discuss recent advances and prospects for 4-1BB in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Tao Wang
- First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, China
| | - Wei-Dong Ji
- First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, China
| | - Hong-Mei Jiao
- First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, China
| | - Ang Lu
- First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, China
| | - Kun-Feng Chen
- First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, China
- *Correspondence: Qi-Bing Liu, ; Kun-Feng Chen,
| | - Qi-Bing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Qi-Bing Liu, ; Kun-Feng Chen,
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