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Wu XF, Yin F, Wang GJ, Lu Y, Jin RF, Jin DL. Healthy eating index-2015 and its association with the prevalence of stroke among US adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3516. [PMID: 38347074 PMCID: PMC10861484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between the healthy eating index (HEI) and the prevalence of stroke within a diverse United States population. Employing a cross-sectional design, we utilized data sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary information was collected from participants and HEI scores were computed. NHANES employed stratified multistage probability sampling, with subsequent weighted analysis following NHANES analytical guidelines. Thorough comparisons were made regarding the baseline characteristics of individuals with and without stroke. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods were employed to ascertain the association between stroke risk and HEI, with LASSO regression utilized to identify dietary factors most closely linked to stroke risk. Additionally, we constructed a nomogram model incorporating key dietary factors and assessed its discriminatory capability using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Our study encompassed 43,978 participants, representing an estimated 201 million U.S. residents. Participants with a history of stroke exhibited lower HEI scores than their non-stroke counterparts. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a robust association between lower HEI scores and stroke, even after adjusting for confounding variables. RCS analysis indicated a nonlinear negative correlation between HEI and stroke risk. Furthermore, detailed subgroup analysis revealed a significant gender-based disparity in the impact of dietary quality on stroke risk, with females potentially benefiting more from dietary quality improvements. Sensitivity analysis using unweighted logistic regression yielded results consistent with our primary analysis. The nomogram model, based on key dietary factors identified through LASSO regression, demonstrated favorable discriminatory power, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 79.3% (95% CI 78.4-81.2%). Our findings suggest that higher HEI scores are inversely related to the risk of stroke, with potential greater benefits for women through dietary quality enhancement. These results underscore the importance of improving dietary quality for enhanced stroke prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Wu
- Department of Emergency Care Medicine, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215299, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Emergency Care Medicine, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215299, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gui-Jie Wang
- Department of Emergency Care Medicine, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215299, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Department of Emergency Care Medicine, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215299, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong-Fei Jin
- Department of Emergency Care Medicine, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215299, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Lin Jin
- Department of Emergency Care Medicine, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215299, Jiangsu, China.
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Lu L, Zhang Q, Shen X, Zhen P, Marin A, Garcia-Milian R, Roper J, Khan SA, Johnson CH. Asparagine synthetase and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor are critical responders to nutrient supply in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.05.539577. [PMID: 37205388 PMCID: PMC10187315 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The nutrient status of the tumor microenvironment has major impacts on cell growth. Under nutrient depletion, asparagine synthetase (ASNS)-mediated asparagine production increases to sustain cell survival. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 (GPER1) signaling converges via cAMP/PI3K/AKT with KRAS signaling to regulate ASNS expression. However, the role of GPER1 in CRC progression is still debated, and the effect of nutrient supply on both ASNS and GPER1 relative to KRAS genotype is not well understood. Here, we modeled a restricted nutrient supply by eliminating glutamine from growing cancer cells in a 3D spheroid model of human female SW48 KRAS wild-type (WT) and KRAS G12A mutant (MT) CRC cells, to examine effects on ASNS and GPER1 expression. Glutamine depletion significantly inhibited cell growth in both KRAS MT and WT cells; however, ASNS and GPER1 were upregulated in KRAS MT compared to WT cells. When nutrient supply was adequate, ASNS and GPER1 were not altered between cell lines. The impact of estradiol, a ligand for GPER1, was examined for any additional effects on cell growth. Under glutamine deplete conditions, estradiol decreased the growth of KRAS WT cells but had no effect on KRAS MT cells; estradiol had no additive or diminutive effect on the upregulation of ASNS or GPER1 between the cell lines. We further examined the association of GPER1 and ASNS levels with overall survival in a clinical colon cancer cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas. Both high GPER1 and ASNS expression associated with poorer overall survival for females only in advanced stage tumors. These findings suggest that KRAS MT cells have mechanisms in place that respond to decreased nutrient supply, typically observed in advanced tumors, by increasing the expression of ASNS and GPER1 to drive cell growth. Furthermore, KRAS MT cells are resistant to the protective effects of estradiol under nutrient deplete conditions. ASNS and GPER1 may therefore be potential therapeutic targets that can be exploited to manage and control KRAS MT CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034 USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, China
| | - Xinyi Shen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Pinyi Zhen
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Audrey Marin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
- Bioinformatics Support Program, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jatin Roper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sajid A Khan
- Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Caroline H Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
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Liu X, Xin Z, Wang K. Patient-derived xenograft model in colorectal cancer basic and translational research. Animal Model Exp Med 2023; 6:26-40. [PMID: 36543756 PMCID: PMC9986239 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most popular malignancies globally, with 930 000 deaths in 2020. The evaluation of CRC-related pathogenesis and the discovery of potential therapeutic targets will be meaningful and helpful for improving CRC treatment. With huge efforts made in past decades, the systematic treatment regimens have been applied to improve the prognosis of CRC patients. However, the sensitivity of CRC to chemotherapy and targeted therapy is different from person to person, which is an important cause of treatment failure. The emergence of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models shows great potential to alleviate the straits. PDX models possess similar genetic and pathological characteristics as the features of primary tumors. Moreover, PDX has the ability to mimic the tumor microenvironment of the original tumor. Thus, the PDX model is an important tool to screen precise drugs for individualized treatment, seek predictive biomarkers for prognosis supervision, and evaluate the unknown mechanism in basic research. This paper reviews the recent advances in constructed methods and applications of the CRC PDX model, aiming to provide new knowledge for CRC basic research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zechang Xin
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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