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Canonico F, Pedicino D, Severino A, Vinci R, Flego D, Pisano E, d’Aiello A, Ciampi P, Ponzo M, Bonanni A, De Ciutiis A, Russo S, Di Sario M, Angelini G, Szczepaniak P, Baldi A, Kapelak B, Wierzbicki K, Montone RA, D’Amario D, Massetti M, Guzik TJ, Crea F, Liuzzo G. GLUT-1/PKM2 loop dysregulation in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction promotes metainflammation. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2653-2662. [PMID: 36508576 PMCID: PMC10730239 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The functional capacity of the immune cells is strongly dependent on their metabolic state and inflammatory responses are characterized by a greater use of glucose in immune cells. This study is aimed to establish the role of glucose metabolism and its players [glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 (PKM2)] in the dysregulation of adaptive immunity and inflammation observed in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 248 patients allocated to three groups: NSTEMI patients, chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) patients, healthy subjects (HSs). NSTEMI patients showed higher expression of GLUT-1 and an enhanced glucose uptake in T cells when compared with CCS patients (P < 0.0001; P = 0.0101, respectively) and HSs (P = 0.0071; P = 0.0122, respectively). PKM2 had a prevalent nuclear localization in T lymphocytes in NSTEMI (P = 0.0005 for nuclear vs. cytoplasm localization), while in CCS and HS, it was equally distributed in both compartments. In addition, the nuclear fraction of PKM2 was significantly higher in NSTEMI compared with HS (P = 0.0023). In NSTEMI patients, treatment with Shikonin and Fasentin, which inhibits PKM2 enzyme activity and GLUT-1-mediated glucose internalization, respectively, led to a significant reduction in GLUT-1 expression along with the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. CONCLUSION NSTEMI patients exhibit dysregulation of the GLUT-1/PKM2 metabolic loop characterized by nuclear translocation of PKM2, where it acts as a transcription regulator of pro-inflammatory genes. This detrimental loop might represent a new therapeutic target for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Canonico
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Severino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramona Vinci
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Flego
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenia Pisano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia d’Aiello
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Ciampi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Myriana Ponzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Bonanni
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Astrid De Ciutiis
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Russo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Di Sario
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Angelini
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Piotr Szczepaniak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Boguslaw Kapelak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karol Wierzbicki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Rocco A Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico D’Amario
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Chen F, Liao J, Wu P, Cheng L, Ma Y, Zhang L, Leng X, Zhu X, Liu Z, Xie F. Oridonin inhibits the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer by reversing the Warburg effect via reducing PKM2 dimer formation and preventing its entry into the nucleus. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 954:175856. [PMID: 37321470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Warburg effect is prevalent in human cancer. Oridonin (ORI) has excellent anticancer effects, but its exact anticancer mechanism is still unclear. METHODS CCK8, EdU, and flow cytometry assay were performed to detect the effect of ORI on cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. RNA-seq was carried out to search the underlying mechanisms. Total PKM2, dimeric PKM2, nuclear PKM2 was detected by Western blot. The epidermal growth factor receptor/extracellular signal regulated kinase (EGFR/ERK) signaling was assayed. The binding ability of Importin-α5 to PKM2 was performed by Co-IP experiments. The effect of ORI combined with cysteine (Cys) or fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) on cancer cells was detected. Mouse xenograft model was established to confirm the molecular mechanisms in vivo. RESULTS ORI inhibited viability, proliferation and promoted apoptosis of CRC cells. RNA-seq revealed ORI attenuated the Warburg effect in cancer cells. ORI reduced dimeric PKM2 and prevented it from entering the nucleus. ORI did not affect the EGFR/ERK signaling, but reduced Importin-α5 binding to the PKM2 dimer. Cys or FDP reversed or enhanced the effect of ORI. Animal model assay confirmed the molecular mechanisms in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our study first shows that ORI could have anticancer activity by inhibiting the Warburg effect as a novel activator of PKM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Junnan Liao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Pinghui Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Li Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yingchao Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Linghan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiaomin Leng
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Fuhua Xie
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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Yang C, Wang X, Zhou K, Jiang D, Shan Y, Wang L, Song L. Effect of high temperature stress on glycogen metabolism in gills of Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 138:108786. [PMID: 37169110 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen was the main energy storage material in mollusc, and the regulation of its metabolism is essential for the response against high temperature stress. In the present study, the alternation of lactic acid (LD) content, glycogen reserves, mRNA expression level of genes encoding glycogen metabolism enzymes and activities of glycogen metabolism enzymes in gills of Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis after an acute high temperature treatment at 25 °C were examined to understand the effect of high temperature on glycogen metabolism. The activity of T-ATPase in gills of scallops presented a gradual increase trend especially at 6 h after an acute high temperature treatment (p < 0.05). The glycogen reserves did not change significantly even there was a downward trend at 24 h after the acute high temperature treatment (p > 0.05). The mRNA transcripts of glycogen synthase (PyGCS) in gills of scallops decreased significantly at 1, 3, 6 and 12 h (p < 0.05), and recovered to normal level at 24 h (p > 0.05) after the acute high temperature treatment, while that of glycogen phosphorylase a (PyGPa) and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (PyPEPCK) were both significantly down-regulated from 1 h to 24 h (p < 0.05) after the acute high temperature treatment. The activity of PyGPa at 1, 12 and 24 h and the content of LD at 3 and 24 h in gills of scallops after the acute high temperature treatment both increased significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA transcripts of hexokinase (PyHK) and pyruvate kinase (PyPK) in gills of scallops increased significantly (p < 0.05) after the acute high temperature treatment, and the response of PyHK was stronger. However, there was no significant difference on the activity of PyPK in gills of scallops between the experimental samples and the blank samples (p > 0.05). In addition, the mRNA transcripts of citrate synthase (PyCS) in gills of scallops were significantly down-regulated at 6 h and 12 h (p < 0.05), and finally returned to normal level at 24 h (p > 0.05) after the acute high temperature treatment. These results collectively indicated acute high temperature stress leaded the alternation of glycogen metabolism in the gills of Yesso scallop, glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis and TCA cycle were inhibited, and the glycolysis pathway of glycogen was enhanced to produce more energy for coping with environmental pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyan Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiangbo Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Dongli Jiang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ying Shan
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Schöpe PC, Zinnow V, Ishfaq MA, Smith J, Herrmann P, Shoemaker RH, Walther W, Stein U. Cantharidin and Its Analogue Norcantharidin Inhibit Metastasis-Inducing Genes S100A4 and MACC1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021179. [PMID: 36674695 PMCID: PMC9866560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent and second deadliest cancer worldwide. In addition, metastasis directly causes up to 90% of all CRC deaths, highlighting the metastatic burden of the disease. Biomarkers such as S100A4 and MACC1 aid in identifying patients with a high risk of metastasis formation. High expression of S100A4 or MACC1 and to a greater extent the combination of both biomarkers is a predictor for metastasis and poor patient survival in CRC. MACC1 is a tumor-initiating and metastasis-promoting oncogene, whereas S100A4 has not been shown to initiate tumor formation but can, nevertheless, promote malignant tumor growth and metastasis formation. Cantharidin is a natural drug extracted from various blister beetle species, and its demethylated analogue norcantharidin has been shown in several studies to have an anti-cancer and anti-metastatic effect in different cancer entities such as CRC, breast cancer, and lung cancer. The impact of the natural compound cantharidin and norcantharidin on S100A4 and MACC1 gene expression, cancer cell migration, motility, and colony formation in vitro was tested. Here, for the first time, we have demonstrated that cantharidin and norcantharidin are transcriptional inhibitors of S100A4 and MACC1 mRNA expression, protein expression, and motility in CRC cells. Our results clearly indicate that cantharidin and, to a lesser extent, its analogue norcantharidin are promising compounds for efficient anti-metastatic therapy targeting the metastasis-inducing genes S100A4 and MACC1 for personalized medicine for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Curtis Schöpe
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Viktoria Zinnow
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ahtisham Ishfaq
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janice Smith
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia Herrmann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert H. Shoemaker
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK Partnersite Berlin), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK Partnersite Berlin), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-9406-3432
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Xu JQ, Fu YL, Zhang J, Zhang KY, Ma J, Tang JY, Zhang ZW, Zhou ZY. Targeting glycolysis in non-small cell lung cancer: Promises and challenges. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1037341. [PMID: 36532721 PMCID: PMC9748442 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1037341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disturbance, particularly of glucose metabolism, is a hallmark of tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cancer cells tend to reprogram a majority of glucose metabolism reactions into glycolysis, even in oxygen-rich environments. Although glycolysis is not an efficient means of ATP production compared to oxidative phosphorylation, the inhibition of tumor glycolysis directly impedes cell survival and growth. This review focuses on research advances in glycolysis in NSCLC and systematically provides an overview of the key enzymes, biomarkers, non-coding RNAs, and signaling pathways that modulate the glycolysis process and, consequently, tumor growth and metastasis in NSCLC. Current medications, therapeutic approaches, and natural products that affect glycolysis in NSCLC are also summarized. We found that the identification of appropriate targets and biomarkers in glycolysis, specifically for NSCLC treatment, is still a challenge at present. However, LDHB, PDK1, MCT2, GLUT1, and PFKM might be promising targets in the treatment of NSCLC or its specific subtypes, and DPPA4, NQO1, GAPDH/MT-CO1, PGC-1α, OTUB2, ISLR, Barx2, OTUB2, and RFP180 might be prognostic predictors of NSCLC. In addition, natural products may serve as promising therapeutic approaches targeting multiple steps in glycolysis metabolism, since natural products always present multi-target properties. The development of metabolic intervention that targets glycolysis, alone or in combination with current therapy, is a potential therapeutic approach in NSCLC treatment. The aim of this review is to describe research patterns and interests concerning the metabolic treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Li Fu
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen (Fu Tian) Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Yu Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen (Fu Tian) Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Zhao Y, Chard Dunmall LS, Cheng Z, Wang Y, Si L. Natural products targeting glycolysis in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036502. [PMID: 36386122 PMCID: PMC9663463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many energy metabolism pathways exist in cancer, including glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial respiration. Tumor cells mainly generate energy through glycolysis to maintain growth and biosynthesis of tumor cells under aerobic conditions. Natural products regulate many steps in glycolysis and targeting glycolysis using natural products is a promising approach to cancer treatment. In this review, we exemplify the relationship between glycolysis and tumors, demonstrate the natural products that have been discovered to target glycolysis for cancer treatment and clarify the mechanisms involved in their actions. Natural products, such as resveratrol mostly found in red grape skin, licochalcone A derived from root of Glycyrrhiza inflate, and brusatol found in Brucea javanica and Brucea mollis, largely derived from plant or animal material, can affect glycolysis pathways in cancer by targeting glycolytic enzymes and related proteins, oncogenes, and numerous glycolytic signal proteins. Knowledge of how natural products regulate aerobic glycolysis will help illuminate the mechanisms by which these products can be used as therapeutics to inhibit cancer cell growth and regulate cellular metabolism. Systematic Review Registration: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, https://clinicaltrials.gov/, http://lib.zzu.edu.cn/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Louisa S Chard Dunmall
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhenguo Cheng
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers & Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lingling Si
- National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Cui Y, Li C, Sang F, Cao W, Qin Z, Zhang P. Natural products targeting glycolytic signaling pathways-an updated review on anti-cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1035882. [PMID: 36339566 PMCID: PMC9631946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1035882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is a complex metabolic process that occurs to convert glucose into pyruvate to produce energy for living cells. Normal cells oxidized pyruvate into adenosine triphosphate and carbon dioxide in the presence of oxygen in mitochondria while cancer cells preferentially metabolize pyruvate to lactate even in the presence of oxygen in order to maintain a slightly acidic micro-environment of PH 6.5 and 6.9, which is beneficial for cancer cell growth and metastasis. Therefore targeting glycolytic signaling pathways provided new strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Natural products are important sources for the treatment of diseases with a variety of pharmacologic activities. Accumulated studies suggested that natural products exhibited remarkable anti-cancer properties both in vitro and in vivo. Plenty of studies suggested natural products like flavonoids, terpenoids and quinones played anti-cancer properties via inhibiting glucose metabolism targets in glycolytic pathways. This study provided an updated overview of natural products controlling glycolytic pathways, which also provide insight into druggable mediators discovery targeting cancer glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chuang Li
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Sang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Weiling Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
| | - Zhuo Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
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Xu Y, Wang M, Ning S, Yang Z, Zhou L, Xia X. Development of Glycyrrhetinic Acid and Folate Modified Cantharidin Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206786. [PMID: 36296377 PMCID: PMC9610810 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cantharidin (CTD) is the major component of anticancer drugs obtained from Mylabris Cichorii and has a good inhibitory effect on several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and breast cancer. However, due to its toxicity, oral administration can cause various adverse reactions, limiting its clinical application. The aim of this work was to design glycyrrhetinic acid (GA)- and/or folate (FA)-modified solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the encapsulation of CTD to target HCC. Four CTD-loaded SLNs (cantharidin solid lipid nanoparticles (CSLNs), glycyrrhetinic acid-modified cantharidin solid lipid nanoparticles (GA-CSLNs), folate-modified cantharidin solid lipid nanoparticles (FA-CSLNs), and glycyrrhetinic acid and folate-modified cantharidin solid lipid nanoparticles (GA-FA-CSLNs)) were prepared by the emulsion ultrasonic dispersion method, and their physicochemical parameters were determined (particle size and distribution, morphology, zeta-potential, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, and hemolysis). Additionally, the antitumor activities of the four SLNs were evaluated comprehensively by tests for cytotoxicity, cell migration, cell cycle, apoptosis, cellular uptake, competition suppression assay, and in vivo tumor suppression assay. Four SLNs showed spherical shapes and mean diameters in the range of 75–110 nm with size dispersion (PDI) within the range of 0.19–0.50 and zeta-potential approximately –10 mV. The entrapment efficiency of CTD in SLNs was higher than 95% for all tested formulations, and no hemolysis was observed. Compared to GA-CSLNs or CSLNs, GA-FA-CSLNs and FA-CSLNs showed stronger cytotoxicity on hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2), and the cytotoxicity of GA-FA-CSLNs on hepatocyte cells (L-02) was remarkably reduced compared with other formulations. GA-FA-CSLNs and FA-CSLNs also increased the inhibition of HepG2 cell migration, and FA-CSLNs had the highest apoptosis rate. The cell cycle results indicated that HepG2 cells were arrested mainly in the S phase and G2/M phase. Analysis of competition inhibition experiments showed that GA and FA ligands had targeted effects on HepG2 cells. The in vivo tumor inhibition experiment showed that GA-FA-CSLNs and FA-CSLNs had excellent tumor inhibition ability—their tumor inhibition rates were 96.46% and 89.92%, respectively. Our results indicate that GA-FA-CSLNs and FA-CSLNs have a promising future in the therapeutic intervention of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- The Second Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Zhonglan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (X.X.); Tel.: +86-138-7596-5134 (L.Z.); +86-139-7313-1320 (X.X.)
| | - Xinhua Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (X.X.); Tel.: +86-138-7596-5134 (L.Z.); +86-139-7313-1320 (X.X.)
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9
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Wang D, Wang F, Kong X, Li Q, Shi H, Zhao S, Li W, Li Y, Meng J. The role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer metastasis and potential mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine intervention. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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10
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Yu C, Li Y, Chen G, Wu C, Wang X, Zhang Y. Bioactive constituents of animal-derived traditional Chinese medicinal materials for breast cancer: opportunities and challenges. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:547-563. [PMID: 35794685 PMCID: PMC9264107 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is globally the most common invasive cancer in women and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and endocrine therapy are currently the main treatments for this cancer type. However, some breast cancer patients are prone to drug resistance related to chemotherapy or immunotherapy, resulting in limited treatment efficacy. Consequently, traditional Chinese medicinal materials (TCMMs) as natural products have become an attractive source of novel drugs. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the active components of animal-derived TCMMs, including Ophiocordycepssinensis-derived cordycepin, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of O.sinensis, norcantharidin (NCTD), Chansu, bee venom, deer antlers, Ostreagigas, and scorpion venom, with reference to marked anti-breast cancer effects due to regulating cell cycle arrest, proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. In future studies, the underlying mechanisms for the antitumor effects of these components need to be further investigated by utilizing multi-omics technologies. Furthermore, large-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate the efficacy of bioactive constituents alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Yu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guopeng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chaoyan Wu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yingwen Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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11
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El-Far AH, Al Jaouni SK, Li X, Fu J. Cancer metabolism control by natural products: Pyruvate kinase M2 targeting therapeutics. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3181-3201. [PMID: 35794729 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycolysis is the primary source of energy for cancer growth and metastasis. The shift in metabolism from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis is called the Warburg effect. Cancer progression due to aerobic glycolysis is often associated with the activation of oncogenes or the loss of tumor suppressors. Therefore, inhibition of glycolysis is one of the effective strategies in cancer control. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key glycolytic enzyme overexpressed in breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, and liver cancers. Here, we discuss published studies regarding PKM2 inhibitors from natural products that are promising drug candidates for cancer therapy. We have highlighted the potential of natural PKM2 inhibitors for various cancer types. Moreover, we encourage researchers to evaluate the combinational effects between natural and synthetic PKM2 inhibitors. Also, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaotao Li
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,School of Arts and Sciences, New York University-Shanghai, Shanghai, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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12
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Dai Y, Liu Y, Li J, Jin M, Yang H, Huang G. Shikonin inhibited glycolysis and sensitized cisplatin treatment in non-small cell lung cancer cells via the exosomal pyruvate kinase M2 pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13906-13918. [PMID: 35706397 PMCID: PMC9275963 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2086378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine comfrey is shikonin, a naphthoquinone compound. The focus of this study was to investigate the effect of shikonin on the proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and to explore its underlying molecular biological mechanisms. The results show that shikonin inhibited the viability, proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells A549 and PC9, and induced apoptosis. As the inhibitor of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key enzyme in glycolysis, shikonin inhibited glucose uptake and the production of lactate, the final metabolite of aerobic glycolysis. In vivo chemotherapeutic assay showed that shikonin reduced the tumor volume and weight in NSCLC mice model and increased the sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy. Histoimmunology experiments showed the combination of shikonin and cisplatin downregulated the expression of PKM2 and its transcriptionally regulated downstream gene glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue. In an assessment of glucose metabolism, micro-PET/CT data showed a combination of shikonin and cisplatin inhibited the fluorodeoxy glucose (18F-FDG) uptake into tumor. Since exosomal PKM2 affected the sensitivity to cisplatin in NSCLC cells, we also demonstrated shikonin could inhibit exosome secretion and exosomal PKM2 through the administration of exosomal inhibitor GW4869. Furthermore, shikonin sensitized cisplatin treatment by reducing the extracellular secretion of exosomal PKM2. In conclusion, we suggest that shikonin not only inhibits PKM2 intracellularly but also reduces glycolytic flux and increases cisplatin sensitivity through the exosomal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Dai
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mingming Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zhao W, Liu J, Li Y, Chen Z, Qi D, Zhang Z. Immune Effect of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:731741. [PMID: 34925002 PMCID: PMC8678494 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are heterogeneous, poorly prognostic, and metastatic malignancies that result in a high risk of death for patients. Targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer has been extremely challenging due to the lack of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Clinical treatment regimens for triple-negative breast cancer are often based on paclitaxel and platinum drugs, but drug resistance and side effects from the drugs frequently lead to treatment failure, thus requiring the development of new therapeutic platforms. In recent years, research on traditional Chinese medicine in modulating the immune function of the body has shown that it has the potential to be an effective treatment option against triple-negative breast cancer. Active components of herbal medicines such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and polysaccharides have been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by activating inflammatory immune responses and can modulate tumor-related signaling pathways to further inhibit the invasion of triple-negative breast cancer. This paper reviews the immunomodulatory mechanisms of different herbal active ingredients against triple-negative breast cancer and provides an outlook on the challenges and directions of development for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer with herbal active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhao
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yaqun Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zichao Chen
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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14
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Liu X, Wang C, Li S, Qu L, Yin F, Lu D, Luo H, Chen X, Luo Z, Cui N, Wang X, Kong L. Parthenolide Derivatives as PKM2 Activators Showing Potential in Colorectal Cancer. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17304-17325. [PMID: 34847663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
As a vital kinase in the glycolysis system, PKM2 is extensively expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) to support the energy and biosynthetic needs. In this study, we designed a series of parthenolide (PTL) derivatives through a stepwise structure optimization, and an excellent derivate 29e showed good activity on PKM2 (AC50 = 86.29 nM) and displayed significant antiproliferative activity against HT29 (IC50 = 0.66 μM) and SW480 (IC50 = 0.22 μM) cells. 29e decreased the expression of total PKM2, prevented nucleus translocation of PKM2 dimer, and inhibited PKM2/STAT3 signaling pathway. 29e remarkably increased OCR and decreased the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). The antiproliferative effect of 29e depended on PKM2, and the Cys424 of PKM2 was the key binding site. Furthermore, 29e significantly suppressed tumor growth in the HT29 xenograft model without obvious toxicity. These outcomes demonstrate that 29e is a promising drug candidate for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lailiang Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fucheng Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehua Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinye Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwen Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningjie Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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15
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Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and is associated with high mortality rates despite the continuously advancing treatment strategies. Glucose is essential for cancer cell metabolism owing to the Warburg effect. During the process of glucose metabolism, various glycolytic metabolites, such as serine and glycine metabolites, are produced and other metabolic pathways, such as the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), are associated with the process. Glucose is transported into the cell by glucose transporters, such as GLUT. Breast cancer shows high expressions of glucose metabolism-related enzymes and GLUT, which are also related to breast cancer prognosis. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is a high-grade breast cancer, is especially dependent on glucose metabolism. Breast cancer also harbors various stromal cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells as tumor microenvironment, and there exists a metabolic interaction between these stromal cells and breast cancer cells as explained by the reverse Warburg effect. Breast cancer is heterogeneous, and, consequently, its metabolic status is also diverse, which is especially affected by the molecular subtype, progression stage, and metastatic site. In this review, we will focus on glucose metabolism and glucose transporters in breast cancer, and we will additionally discuss their potential applications as cancer imaging tracers and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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16
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Hu S, Chang J, Ruan H, Zhi W, Wang X, Zhao F, Ma X, Sun X, Liang Q, Xu H, Wang Y, Yang Y. Cantharidin inhibits osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis by directly targeting miR-214-3p/DKK3 axis to inactivate β-catenin nuclear translocation and LEF1 translation. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2504-2522. [PMID: 34326690 PMCID: PMC8315017 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.51638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the leading primary bone cancer in adolescents and children, osteosarcoma patients with metastasis show a five-year-survival-rate of 20-30%, without improvement over the past 30 years. Wnt/β-catenin is important in promoting osteosarcoma development. DKK3 is a Wnt/β-catenin antagonist and predicted to have the specific binding site in 3′-UTR with miR-214-3p. Methods: miR-214-3p and DKK3 levels were investigated in human osteosarcoma tissues and cells by RT-qPCR; the prognostic importance of DKK3 level in osteosarcoma patients was determined with Log-rank test; direct binding between DKK3 with miR-214-3p was identified with targetscan; anti-osteosarcoma mechanism of cantharidin was investigated by miR-214-3p silence/over-expression with or without cantharidin treatment, and nuclear/cytoplasmic protein assay in osteosarcoma cells. Results: Down-regulated DKK3 indicated poor prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Up-regulated miR-214-3p promoted proliferation and migration, while suppressed apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by increasing β-catenin nuclear translocation and LEF1 translation via degradation of DKK3. Cantharidin suppressed viabilities, migration and invasion, while promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in 143B and U-2 OS cells via down-regulating miR-214-3p to up-regulate DKK3, thus inhibited p-GSK-3β expression, β-catenin nuclear translocation and LEF1 translation. Meanwhile, cantharidin inhibited tumor growth in xenograft-bearing mice with 143B cell injection in tibia. Conclusion: miR-214-3p mediated Wnt/β-catenin/LEF1 signaling activation by targeting DKK3 to promote oncogenesis of osteosarcoma; cantharidin inhibited proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells via down-regulating miR-214-3p to up-regulate DKK3 and decrease β-catenin nuclear translocation, indicating that cantharidin may be a prospective candidate for osteosarcoma treatment by targeting miR-214-3p/DKK3/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopu Hu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junli Chang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongfeng Ruan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenlan Zhi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fulai Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xingyuan Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key laboratory of theory and therapy of muscles and bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
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17
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Ren Y, Kinghorn AD. Antitumor potential of the protein phosphatase inhibitor, cantharidin, and selected derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 32:116012. [PMID: 33454654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cantharidin is a potent natural protein phosphatase monoterpene anhydride inhibitor secreted by several species of blister beetle, with its demethylated anhydride analogue, (S)-palasonin, occurring as a constituent of the higher plant Butea frondosa. Cantharidin shows both potent protein phosphatase inhibitory and cancer cell cytotoxic activities, but possible preclinical development of this anhydride has been limited thus far by its toxicity. Thus, several synthetic derivatives of cantharidin have been prepared, of which some compounds exhibit improved antitumor potential and may have use as lead compounds. In the present review, the potential antitumor activity, structure-activity relationships, and development of cantharidin-based anticancer drug conjugates are summarized, with protein phosphatase-related and other types of mechanisms of action discussed. Protein phosphatases play a key role in the tumor microenvironment, and thus described herein is also the potential for developing new tumor microenvironment-targeted cancer chemotherapeutic agents, based on cantharidin and its naturally occurring analogues and synthetic derivatives.
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18
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Chong ZX, Yeap SK, Ho WY. Roles of circulating microRNA(s) in human breast cancer. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 695:108583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Zhou J, Su CM, Chen HA, Du S, Li CW, Wu H, Tsai SH, Yeh YT. Cryptanshinone Inhibits the Glycolysis and Inhibits Cell Migration Through PKM2/β-Catenin Axis in Breast Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8629-8639. [PMID: 32922039 PMCID: PMC7457727 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s239134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent gynecologic malignancies worldwide. Despite the high sensitivity in response to chemotherapy, drug resistance occurred frequently in clinical treatment. Cryptotanshinone (CTS) is a herbal medicine and has been identified as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative drug. Methods In vitro assays, including the cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, Western blot analysis, transwell migration/invasion assays, and cell scratch assay were used to explore the biological activities and working mechanism of CTS. Breast cancer cells were also transfected with PKM2 expressing vectors to define the molecular mechanisms involved in CTS-mediated anti-tumor activity. Results We found that CTS shows anti-proliferative effects and decreases the clonogenic ability of breast cancer cells. We also found that CTS inhibited the migration and invasion activity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by different analyzed methods. CTS also downregulated the levels of glycolysis-related proteins, such as PKM2, LDHA, and HK2. In addition, overexpression of PKM2 recovered CTS-mediated suppression of cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell mobility of breast cancer cells. We also found PKM2 was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues and invasive ductal breast carcinoma compared to normal tissues and patients with high PKM2 expression had worse overall survival and metastasis-free survival outcomes. Conclusion CTS inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. The involved mechanism may refer to the downregulation of the PKM2/β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Zhou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Ningbo AJcore Biosciences Inc, High-tech Zone, Ningbo City, People's Republic of China
| | - Chih-Ming Su
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shicong Du
- Ningbo AJcore Biosciences Inc, High-tech Zone, Ningbo City, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wei Li
- Ningbo AllBiolife Biotech Inc, High-tech Zone, Ningbo City, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Ningbo AJcore Biosciences Inc, High-tech Zone, Ningbo City, People's Republic of China
| | - Shin-Han Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Information Technology Office, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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20
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Naz F, Wu Y, Zhang N, Yang Z, Yu C. Anticancer Attributes of Cantharidin: Involved Molecular Mechanisms and Pathways. Molecules 2020; 25:E3279. [PMID: 32707651 PMCID: PMC7397086 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a preeminent threat to the human race, causing millions of deaths each year on the Earth. Traditionally, natural compounds are deemed promising agents for cancer treatment. Cantharidin (CTD)-a terpenoid isolated from blister beetles-has been used extensively in traditional Chinese medicines for healing various maladies and cancer. CTD has been proven to be protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF-1) inhibitor, which can be potential targets for its anticancer activity. Albeit, it harbors some toxicities, its immense anticancer potential cannot be overlooked, as the cancer-specific delivery of CTD could help to rescue its lethal effects. Furthermore, several derivatives have been designed to weaken its toxicity. In light of extensive research, the antitumor activity of CTD is evident in both in vitro as well as in vivo cancer models. CTD has also proven efficacious in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and it can also target some drug-resistant cancer cells. This mini-review endeavors to interpret and summarize recent information about CTD anticancer potential and underlying molecular mechanisms. The pertinent anticancer strength of CTD could be employed to develop an effective anticarcinogenic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhao Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (F.N.); (Y.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Changyuan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (F.N.); (Y.W.); (N.Z.)
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21
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Al-Azzam N. Sirtuin 6 and metabolic genes interplay in Warburg effect in cancers. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 66:169-175. [PMID: 32523242 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Under oxygen availability, normal cells undergo mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to metabolize glucose and yield up to 36 ATPs per glucose molecule for cellular functions, and undergo non-oxidative metabolism (glycolysis) under hypoxic and proliferating conditions to yield 2 ATP per glucose. These cells metabolize glucose to pyruvate via glycolysis followed by conversion of pyruvate to lactate via lactate dehydrogenase. However, cancer cells have the ability to undergo glycolysis and ferment glucose to lactate regardless of oxygen availability; a phenomenon first addressed by Otto Warburg and called, "Warburg effect". Numerous glycolytic genes/proteins have been identified in tumors; that include glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), pyruvate kinase-M2 splice isoform (PKM2), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-A). Histone deacetylase sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), an epigenetic regulator, is highly expressed in various cancers. SIRT6 plays an important role in Warburg effect by regulating many glycolytic genes. Loss of SIRT6 enhances tumor growth via enhancing glycolysis. This review is mainly concerned with exploring the most recent advances in understanding the roles of the metabolic genes (GLUT1, HK2, PKM2, and LDH-A) and the epigenetic regulator SIRT6 in cancer metabolism and how SIRT6 can modulate these metabolic genes expression and its possible use as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosayba Al-Azzam
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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22
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Song M, Wang X, Luo Y, Liu Z, Tan W, Ye P, Fu Z, Lu F, Xiang W, Tang L, Yao L, Nie Y, Xiao J. Cantharidin suppresses gastric cancer cell migration/invasion by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via CCAT1. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 317:108939. [PMID: 31945315 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cantharidin (CTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine that shows an anticancer effects in multiple types of cancer cells. However, the mechanism of CTD anti-cancer function in gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism that CTD inhibits proliferation and migration through suppression of the PI3K/Akt signaling. CTD induced GC cell apoptosis and inhibited metastasis measured by CCK8 assays as well as wound healing assays and transwell assays. Mechanistic investigations suggested that CTD modulated the PI3K/Akt signaling via western-blot and quantitative q-PCR. In addition, we identified and confirmed CCAT1 as a novel direct target of CTD inhibited PI3K/AKt signaling expression. In conclusion, our results provide new point into the critical role of CTD in suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling via down-regulation of CCAT1, resulting in suppression GC cell growth and migration/invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Song
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Nankai University, School of Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfei Wang
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Luo
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilin Liu
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Tan
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Ye
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Fu
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 1, Hainan general hospital, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Lu
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanping Xiang
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghan Tang
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yao
- The Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqiang Nie
- The Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Xiao
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Barbosa AM, Martel F. Targeting Glucose Transporters for Breast Cancer Therapy: The Effect of Natural and Synthetic Compounds. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010154. [PMID: 31936350 PMCID: PMC7016663 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism is widely accepted to be a cancer hallmark. The deviant energetic metabolism of cancer cells-known as the Warburg effect-consists in much higher rates of glucose uptake and glycolytic oxidation coupled with the production of lactic acid, even in the presence of oxygen. Consequently, cancer cells have higher glucose needs and thus display a higher sensitivity to glucose deprivation-induced death than normal cells. So, inhibitors of glucose uptake are potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Overexpression of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUT), mainly GLUT1, in breast cancer cells is firmly established, and the consequences of GLUT inhibition and/or knockout are under investigation. Herein we review the compounds, both of natural and synthetic origin, found to interfere with uptake of glucose by breast cancer cells, and the consequences of interference with that mechanism on breast cancer cell biology. We will also present data where the interaction with GLUT is exploited in order to increase the efficiency or selectivity of anticancer agents, in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Barbosa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Fátima Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-042-6654
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24
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Zhou L, Zou M, Zhu K, Ning S, Xia X. Development of 11-DGA-3- O-Gal-Modified Cantharidin Liposomes for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173080. [PMID: 31450608 PMCID: PMC6749572 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide, and its morbidity and mortality increase each year. The disease has a short course and high mortality, making it a serious threat to human health. Purpose: The objective of this study was to create novel liver-targeting nanoliposomes to encapsulate cantharidin (CTD) as a potential treatment for hepatic carcinoma. Methods: 3-Galactosidase-30-stearyl deoxyglycyrrhetinic acid (11-DGA-3-O-Gal)-modified liposomes (11-DGA-3-O-Gal-CTD-lip) for the liver-targeted delivery of CTD were prepared via the film-dispersion method and characterized. In vitro analyses of the effects on cellular cytotoxicity, cell migration, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis were carried out and an in vivo pharmacokinetics study and tissue distribution analysis were performed. Results: Compared with unmodified liposomes (CTD-lip), 11-DGA-3-O-Gal-CTD-lip showed higher cytotoxicity and increased the inhibition of HepG2 cell migration, but they did not increase the apoptotic rate of cells. The inhibition mechanism of 11-DGA-3-O-Gal-CTD-lip on hepatocellular carcinoma was partly through cell cycle arrest at the S phase. Analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that 11-DGA-3-O-Gal-CTD-lip were eliminated more rapidly than CTD-lip. Regarding tissue distribution, the targeting efficiency of 11-DGA-3-O-Gal-CTD-lip to the liver was (41.15 ± 3.28)%, relative targeting efficiency was (1.53 ± 0.31)%, relative uptake rate was( 1.69 ± 0.37)%, and peak concentration ratio was (2.68 ± 0.12)%. Conclusion: 11-DGA-3-O-Gal-CTD-lip represent a promising nanocarrier for the liver-targeted delivery of antitumor drugs to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Manshu Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xinhua Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
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25
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Walsh HR, Cruickshank BM, Brown JM, Marcato P. The Flick of a Switch: Conferring Survival Advantage to Breast Cancer Stem Cells Through Metabolic Plasticity. Front Oncol 2019; 9:753. [PMID: 31552162 PMCID: PMC6736574 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Within heterogeneous tumors, cancer stem cell (CSC) populations exhibit the greatest tumor initiation potential, promote metastasis, and contribute to therapy resistance. For breast cancer specifically, CSCs are identified by CD44highCD24low cell surface marker expression and increased aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. In general, bulk breast tumor cells possess altered energetics characterized by aerobic glycolysis. In contrast, breast CSCs appear to have adaptive metabolic plasticity that allows these tumor-initiating cells to switch between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, depending on factors present in the tumor microenvironment (e.g., hypoxia, reactive oxygen species, availability of glucose). In this article, we review the regulatory molecules that may facilitate the metabolic plasticity of breast CSCs. These regulatory factors include epigenetic chromatin modifiers, non-coding RNAs, transcriptional repressors, transcription factors, energy and stress sensors, and metabolic enzymes. Furthermore, breast cancer cells acquire CSC-like characteristics and altered energetics by undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This energy costly process is paired with reprogrammed glucose metabolism by epigenetic modifiers that regulate expression of both EMT and other metabolism-regulating genes. The survival advantage imparted to breast CSCs by metabolic plasticity suggests that targeting the factors that mediate the energetic switch should hinder tumorigenesis and lead to improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley R Walsh
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Justin M Brown
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Paola Marcato
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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26
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Ji XL, He M. Sodium cantharidate targets STAT3 and abrogates EGFR inhibitor resistance in osteosarcoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5848-5863. [PMID: 31422383 PMCID: PMC6710037 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Overactive EGFR signaling is frequently seen in osteosarcoma cells, and represents a potential therapeutic target. However, feedback activation of STAT3 after EGFR inhibition is linked to treatment resistance, suggesting that combined EGFR/STAT3 inhibition may be needed to overcome this effect. Cantharidin and its analogues have shown strong anticancer effects, including STAT3 inhibition, in several tumor cells. Therefore, we investigated the effects of sodium cantharidate (SC), either as monotherapy and in combination with the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib, on STAT3 activation and osteosarcoma cell growth. Cell viability, migration, and apoptosis assays were performed in human MG63 and U2OS cells, and MG63 xenografts were generated in nude mice to verify the suppression of tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the STAT3 and EGFR phosphorylation statuses in xenografts. We found that SC repressed cell viability and migration and induced apoptosis in vitro, while combined SC and erlotinib treatment enhanced osteosarcoma growth suppression by preventing feedback activation of STAT3. These data support further development of cantharidin-based combination therapies for metastatic and recurrent/refractory osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lu Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
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