1
|
Guerri G, Palozzo A, Straticò P, Varasano V, Celani G, Di Francesco P, Vignoli M, Petrizzi L. 2D-SWE of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint Capsule in Horses. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090478. [PMID: 36136694 PMCID: PMC9501397 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) employs an ultrasound impulse to produce transversely oriented shear waves, which travel through the surrounding tissue according to the stiffness of the tissue itself. The study aimed to assess the reliability of 2D-SWE for evaluating the elastosonographic appearance of the distal attachment of the fetlock joint capsule (DJC) in sound horses and in horses with osteoarthritis (OA) (2). According to a thorough evaluation of metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ), adult horses were divided in a sound Group (H) and in OA Group (P). Thereafter, a 2D-SWE of MCPJs was performed. Shear wave velocity (m/sec) and Young’s modulus (kPa) were calculated independently by two operators at each selected ROI. Statistical analysis was performed with R software. (3) Results: 2D-SWE had good–excellent inter-CC and intra-CC in both groups. Differences in m/s and kPa between Groups H and P were found in transverse scans with lower values in Group P. No correlation with age or DJC thickness was found. (4) Conclusions: 2D-SWE was repeatable and reproducible. In Group H, DJC was statistically stiffer than in Group P only in transverse scan. The technique showed poor sensitivity and specificity in differentiating fetlocks affected by OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guerri
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Adriana Palozzo
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paola Straticò
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Vincenzo Varasano
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Celani
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Vignoli
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lucio Petrizzi
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Località Piano D’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bernardi NS, da Cruz ICK, Maronezi MC, Santos MM, Lera KRJL, Gasser B, Aires LPN, de Lacerda Neto JC, Canola PA, Pozzobon R, Uscategui RAR, Feliciano MAR. Applicability of ARFI elastography in detecting elasticity changes of the equine superficial digital flexor tendon with induced injury. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2022; 63:790-797. [PMID: 35969229 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this prospective, experimental study were to describe changes in the stiffness of the equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) after induced injury, deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), accessory ligament (AL-DDFT), and suspensory ligament (SL) during 90 days of healing using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography. Eight healthy horses were selected. Preinjury B mode and ARFI evaluations were performed bilaterally in the palmar metacarpal region. Injury was induced only on the left forelimb (G2) by a single injection of collagenase in SDFT, 15 cm distal to the accessory carpal bone. The right forelimb was used as a control (G1). Evaluations were performed at eight timepoints: one before injury (T0) and seven (T1-T7) after injury (3, 15, 30, 40, 60, 75, and 90 days post-induction). Tendinopathies were visualized as hypoechoic areas with loss of parallel tendon fiber pattern. Injured SDFTs presented mainly cool colors (soft) from T1 to T3, and from T4, there was an increase in warm colors (hard), close to the appearance of tendons of G1. In the first four timepoints, there was a decrease in stiffness compared to G1 (P < 0.001). On T1 and T2, a cutoff value <6.21 m/s to determine tendinopathy of the SDFT was established (75.8% sensitivity and 92.03% specificity). Stiffness changes in the DDFT, AL-DDFT, and SL of injured limbs occurred at different timepoints. Tendinopathy significantly altered the stiffness of the injured tendon and the adjacent tissues. ARFI made it possible to detect these changes, helping to monitor the reparation of this injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nara Saraiva Bernardi
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor Cezar Kniphoff da Cruz
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marjury Cristina Maronezi
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maíra Moreira Santos
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katiucha Rebeca Jennifer Lopes Lera
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Gasser
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Nogueira Aires
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Corrêa de Lacerda Neto
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Aléscio Canola
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Pozzobon
- Sector Imaging Diagnosis, Federal University of the Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária Bairro, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|