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Zhou S, Chen Y, Wang F, Bao Y, Ding X, Xu Z. Assessing the Intensity of Marine Biogenic Influence on the Lower Atmosphere: An Insight into the Distribution of Marine Biogenic Aerosols over the Eastern China Seas. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:12741-12751. [PMID: 37578487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Marine biological activities make a non-negligible contribution to atmospheric aerosols, leading to potential impacts on the regional atmospheric environment and climate. The eastern China seas are highly productive with significant emissions of biogenic substances, but the spatiotemporal variations of marine biogenic aerosols are not well known. Air mass exposure to chlorophyll a (AEC) can be used to indicate the influence of biogenic sources on the atmosphere to a certain degree. In this study, the 12 year (2009-2020) daily AEC were calculated over the eastern China seas, showing the spatial and seasonal patterns of marine biogenic influence intensity which were co-controlled by surface phytoplankton biomass and boundary layer height. By combining the AEC values, relevant meteorological parameters, and extensive observations of a typical biogenic secondary aerosol component, methanesulfonate (MSA), a parameterization scheme for MSA simulation was successfully constructed. This AEC-based approach with observation constraints provides a new insight into the distribution of marine biogenic aerosols. Meanwhile, the wintertime air mass retention over land exhibited a significant decrease, showing a decadal weakening trend of terrestrial transport, which is probably related to the weakening of the East Asian winter monsoon. Thus, marine biogenic aerosols may play an increasingly important role in the studied region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem in Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai 202162, China
| | - Fanghui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yang Bao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiping Ding
- Pudong New District Environmental Monitoring Station, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Zongjun Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Cho SB, Song SK, Shon ZH, Moon SH. Evaluation of air quality simulation with a coupled atmosphere-ocean model: A case study on natural marine and biogenic emissions. Sci Total Environ 2023; 882:163021. [PMID: 36965729 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a chemical transport model (i.e., Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system with brute-force method (BFM)) was used in combination with atmosphere-ocean coupling to evaluate the impact of natural emissions (e.g., marine dimethyl sulfide (DMS), sea salt aerosol (SSA), and biogenic compounds) on the air quality of South Korea in the spring of 2019 (May 1-31). Overall, the coupled simulation results exhibited good agreement with the observations for meteorological fields and air quality (fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3)) compared to those obtained using the non-coupled simulation. The coupling effect in the study area tended to be strong in the presence of relatively strong winds (≥4 m s-1). The mean contributions of natural marine (DMS and SSA) and biogenic emissions to total PM2.5 mass reached ~8.2 % over the marine area and ~ 9.1 % over the land area, respectively. On average, biogenic emissions contributed 8.6 %, 29.3 % (and 27.3 %) to the concentrations of O3, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) (and organic carbon (OC)), respectively, over the land area. Isoprene and monoterpene contributed 40 % and 20 %, respectively, to biogenic SOA production over the land area and biogenic SOA accounted for 1.7 % and 7.8 % of the total O3 and PM2.5, respectively. Secondary aerosol formation was enhanced by gas-to-particle conversion processes due to the coupling effect. Therefore, this modeling study confirmed the non-negligible impact of natural emissions on the air quality in the study area. In addition, the study area is likely to be associated with VOC-limited conditions because of significantly enhanced photochemical O3 production owing to biogenic emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Bin Cho
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Keun Song
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zang-Ho Shon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Moon
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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Song SK, Shon ZH, Bae MS, Cho SB, Moon SH, Kim HS, Son YB, Lee CR. Effects of natural and anthropogenic emissions on the composition and toxicity of aerosols in the marine atmosphere. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:150928. [PMID: 34655634 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of natural dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and ship emissions on marine environments and particulate matter (PM) over the western and southern sea areas around South Korea were studied based on field campaigns from August-September 2017 and May-June 2018 using the Community Multi-scale Air Quality v5.3.2 modeling system. DMS oxidation enhanced the concentrations of both sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfate (SO42-) in PM2.5 by 6.2-6.4% and 2.9-3.6%, respectively, in the marine atmosphere during the study period, whereas it slightly decreased nitrate (NO3-) concentrations (by -1.3%), compared to the simulation without DMS oxidation chemistry. Furthermore, ship emissions increased the concentrations of SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ by 4.5%, 23%, and 7.3%, respectively. Methane sulfonic acid concentration was 0.17 μg m-3, suggesting the importance of the addition channel in the DMS oxidation pathway. The model simulation indicated that ship emissions in the target area contributed dominantly to non-sea-salt SO42-, and the marine DMS emission source was non-negligible. The geographical distribution of PM toxicity (aerosol oxidative potential) was assessed in the marine atmosphere during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Keun Song
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Zang-Ho Shon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Suk Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Bin Cho
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Moon
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Sook Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Baek Son
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Rae Lee
- Marine Research Center, National Park Research Institute, Yeosu 59723, Republic of Korea
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Zhao J, Sarwar G, Gantt B, Foley K, Henderson BH, Pye HOT, Fahey K, Kang D, Mathur R, Zhang Y, Li Q, Saiz-Lopez A. Impact of dimethylsulfide chemistry on air quality over the Northern Hemisphere. Atmos Environ (1994) 2020; 244:117961. [PMID: 33132736 PMCID: PMC7592702 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We implement oceanic dimethylsulfide (DMS) emissions and its atmospheric chemical reactions into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQv53) model and perform annual simulations without and with DMS chemistry to quantify its impact on tropospheric composition and air quality over the Northern Hemisphere. DMS chemistry enhances both sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfate (S O 4 2 - ) over seawater and coastal areas. It enhances annual mean surface SO2 concentration by +46 pptv andS O 4 2 - by +0.33 μg/m3 and decreases aerosol nitrate concentration by -0.07 μg/m3 over seawater compared to the simulation without DMS chemistry. The changes decrease with altitude and are limited to the lower atmosphere. Impacts of DMS chemistry onS O 4 2 - are largest in the summer and lowest in the fall due to the seasonality of DMS emissions, atmospheric photochemistry and resultant oxidant levels. Hydroxyl and nitrate radical-initiated pathways oxidize 75% of the DMS while halogen-initiated pathways oxidize 25%. DMS chemistry leads to more acidic particles over seawater by decreasing aerosol pH. IncreasedS O 4 2 - from DMS enhances atmospheric extinction while lower aerosol nitrate reduces the extinction so that the net effect of DMS chemistry on visibility tends to remain unchanged over most of the seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junri Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Golam Sarwar
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brett Gantt
- Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States
| | - Kristen Foley
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barron H. Henderson
- Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States
| | - Havala O. T. Pye
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kathleen Fahey
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daiwen Kang
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rohit Mathur
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qinyi Li
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
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Li S, Sarwar G, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Zhou S, Chen Y, Yang G, Saiz-Lopez A. Modeling the impact of marine DMS emissions on summertime air quality over the coastal East China Seas. Earth Space Sci 2020; 7:e2020EA001220. [PMID: 33365363 PMCID: PMC7751828 DOI: 10.1029/2020ea001220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
[1] Biogenic emission of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) from seawater is the major natural source of sulfur into the atmosphere. In this study, we use an advanced air quality model (CMAQv5.2) with DMS chemistry to examine the impact of DMS emissions from seawater on summertime air quality over China. A national scale database of DMS concentration in seawater is established based on a five-year observational record in the East China seas including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. We employ a commonly used global database and also the newly developed local database of oceanic DMS concentration, calculate DMS emissions using three different parameterization schemes, and perform five different model simulations for July, 2018. Results indicate that in large coastal areas of China, the average DMS emissions flux obtained with the local database is three times higher than that resulting from the global database, with a mean value of 9.1 μmol m-2 d-1 in the Bohai Sea, 8.4 μmol m-2 d-1 in the Yellow Sea and 13.4 μmol m-2 d-1 in the East China Sea. The total DMS emissions flux calculated with the Nightingale scheme is 42% higher than that obtained with the Liss and Merlivat scheme, but is 15% lower than that obtained with the Wanninkhof scheme. Among the three parameterizations, results of the Liss and Merlivat scheme agree better with the ship-based observations over China's coastal waters. DMS emissions with the Liss and Merlivat parametrization increase atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfate (SO4 2-) concentration over the East China seas by 6.4% and 3.3%, respectively. Our results indicate that although the anthropogenic source is still the dominant contributor of atmospheric sulfur burden in China, biogenic DMS emissions source is nonnegligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Golam Sarwar
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Junri Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), Shanghai 200062, China
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shenqian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Guipeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
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