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Strekalova T, Svirin E, Gorlova A, Sheveleva E, Burova A, Khairetdinova A, Sitdikova K, Zakharova E, Dudchenko AM, Lyundup A, Morozov S. Resilience and Vulnerability to Stress-Induced Anhedonia: Unveiling Brain Gene Expression and Mitochondrial Dynamics in a Mouse Chronic Stress Depression Model. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1782. [PMID: 38136653 PMCID: PMC10741640 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of altered brain mitochondrial regulation in psychiatric pathologies, including Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), has attracted increasing attention. Aberrant mitochondrial functions were suggested to underlie distinct inter-individual vulnerability to stress-related MDD syndrome. In this context, insulin receptor sensitizers (IRSs) that regulate brain metabolism have become a focus of recent research, as their use in pre-clinical studies can help to elucidate the role of mitochondrial dynamics in this disorder and contribute to the development of new antidepressant treatment. Here, following 2-week chronic mild stress (CMS) using predation, social defeat, and restraint, MDD-related behaviour and brain molecular markers have been investigated along with the hippocampus-dependent performance and emotionality in mice that received the IRS dicholine succinate (DS). In a sucrose test, mice were studied for the key feature of MDD, a decreased sensitivity to reward, called anhedonia. Based on this test, animals were assigned to anhedonic and resilient-to-stress-induced-anhedonia groups, using a previously established criterion of a decrease in sucrose preference below 65%. Such assignment was based on the fact that none of control, non-stressed animals displayed sucrose preference that would be smaller than this value. DS-treated stressed mice displayed ameliorated behaviours in a battery of assays: sucrose preference, coat state, the Y-maze, the marble test, tail suspension, and nest building. CMS-vulnerable mice exhibited overexpression of the inflammatory markers Il-1β, tnf, and Cox-1, as well as 5-htt and 5-ht2a-R, in various brain regions. The alterations in hippocampal gene expression were the closest to clinical findings and were studied further. DS-treated, stressed mice showed normalised hippocampal expression of the plasticity markers Camk4, Camk2, Pka, Adcy1, Creb-ar, Nmda-2r-ar, and Nmda-2r-s. DS-treated and non-treated stressed mice who were resilient or vulnerable to anhedonia were compared for hippocampal mitochondrial pathway regulation using Illumina profiling. Resilient mice revealed overexpression of the mitochondrial complexes NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome bc1, cytochrome c oxidase, F-type and V-type ATPases, and inorganic pyrophosphatase, which were decreased in anhedonic mice. DS partially normalised the expression of both ATPases. We conclude that hippocampal reduction in ATP synthesis is associated with anhedonia and pro-inflammatory brain changes that are ameliorated by DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Strekalova
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Evgeniy Svirin
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Anna Gorlova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Elizaveta Sheveleva
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Alisa Burova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Adel Khairetdinova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Kseniia Sitdikova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Elena Zakharova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Alexander M. Dudchenko
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Aleksey Lyundup
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Dmitry Ulyanov St. 19, Moscow 117036, Russia;
- Research and Education Resource Center, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Sergey Morozov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
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