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Tang X, Lai CH, Malhi NK, Chadha R, Luo Y, Liu X, Yuan D, Tapia A, Abdollahi M, Zhang G, Calandrelli R, Shiu YT, Wang ZV, Rhee JW, Zhong S, Natarajan R, Chen ZB. Genetic Deletion of the LINC00520 Homolog in Mouse Aggravates Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:31. [PMID: 37218991 PMCID: PMC10204496 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hypertension is a complex, multifactorial disease that is caused by genetic and environmental factors. Apart from genetic predisposition, the mechanisms involved in this disease have yet to be fully understood. We previously reported that LEENE (lncRNA enhancing endothelial nitric oxide expression, transcribed from LINC00520 in the human genome) regulates endothelial cell (EC) function by promoting the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and vascular growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Mice with genetic deletion of the LEENE/LINC00520 homologous region exhibited impaired angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in a diabetic hindlimb ischemia model. However, the role of LEENE in blood pressure regulation is unknown. (2) Methods: We subjected mice with genetic ablation of leene and wild-type littermates to Angiotensin II (AngII) and monitored their blood pressure and examined their hearts and kidneys. We used RNA-sequencing to identify potential leene-regulated molecular pathways in ECs that contributed to the observed phenotype. We further performed in vitro experiments with murine and human ECs and ex vivo experiments with murine aortic rings to validate the select mechanism. (3) Results: We identified an exacerbated hypertensive phenotype of leene-KO mice in the AngII model, evidenced by higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. At the organ level, we observed aggravated hypertrophy and fibrosis in the heart and kidney. Moreover, the overexpression of human LEENE RNA, in part, restored the signaling pathways impaired by leene deletion in murine ECs. Additionally, Axitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits VEGFR suppresses LEENE in human ECs. (4) Conclusions: Our study suggests LEENE as a potential regulator in blood pressure control, possibly through its function in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Tang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Chih-Hung Lai
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 40705, Taiwan
| | - Naseeb K. Malhi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Rahuljeet Chadha
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yingjun Luo
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xuejing Liu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Dongqiang Yuan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Alonso Tapia
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Riccardo Calandrelli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yan-Ting Shiu
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Zhao V. Wang
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - June-Wha Rhee
- Department of Medicine, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Ilieva M, Uchida S. Potential Involvement of LncRNAs in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:213. [PMID: 36672953 PMCID: PMC9858747 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized by cardiovascular disease and diabetes, cardiometabolic diseases are a major cause of mortality around the world. As such, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that most of the mammalian genome are transcribed as RNA, but only a few percent of them encode for proteins. All of the RNAs that do not encode for proteins are collectively called non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among these ncRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are considered as missing keys to understand the pathogeneses of various diseases, including cardiometabolic diseases. Given the increased interest in lncRNAs, in this study, we will summarize the latest trend in the lncRNA research from the perspective of cardiometabolism and disease by focusing on the major risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases: obesity, cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension. Because genetic inheritance is unavoidable in cardiometabolic diseases, we paid special attention to the genetic factors of lncRNAs that may influence cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark or
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Sriram K, Luo Y, Yuan D, Malhi NK, Tapia A, Samara VA, Natarajan R, Bouman Chen Z. Vascular Regulation by Super Enhancer-Derived LINC00607. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:881916. [PMID: 35837599 PMCID: PMC9274098 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.881916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) play a pivotal role in whole body homeostasis. Recent advances have revealed enhancer-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as essential regulators in EC function. We investigated LINC00607, a super enhancer-derived lncRNA (SE-lncRNA) in human arteries with an emphasis on ECs. Based on public databases and our single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from human arteries collected from healthy and diabetic donors, we found that LINC00607 is abundantly expressed in the arteries and its level is increased in diabetic humans. Using RNA-sequencing, we characterized the transcriptomes regulated by LINC00607 in ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and in basal and diabetic conditions in ECs. Furthermore, through transcriptomic and promoter analysis, we identified c-Myc as an upstream transcription factor of LINC00607. Finally, using scRNA-seq, we demonstrated that modified antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of LINC00607 can reverse dysfunctional changes induced by high glucose and TNFα in ECs. Collectively, our study demonstrates a multi-pronged approach to characterize LINC00607 in vascular cells and its gene regulatory networks in ECs and VSMCs. Our findings provide new insights into the regulation and function of SE-derived lncRNAs in both vascular homeostasis and dysfunction in a cell-type and context-dependent manner, which could have a significant impact on our understanding of epigenetic regulation implicated in cardiovascular health and diseases like diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Sriram
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Yingjun Luo
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
- Yingjun Luo
| | - Dongqiang Yuan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Naseeb Kaur Malhi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Alonso Tapia
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Vishnu Amaram Samara
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
- Rama Natarajan
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Duarte, CA, United States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhen Bouman Chen
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Mao L, Yin R, Yang L, Zhao D. Role of advanced glycation end products on vascular smooth muscle cells under diabetic atherosclerosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:983723. [PMID: 36120471 PMCID: PMC9470882 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.983723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease and leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. The progression of AS is a multi-step process leading to high morbidity and mortality. Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammation and insulin resistance which strictly involved in diabetes are closely related to the pathogenesis of AS. A growing number of studies have linked AGEs to AS. As one of the risk factors of cardiac metabolic diseases, dysfunction of VSMCs plays an important role in AS pathogenesis. AGEs are increased in diabetes, participate in the occurrence and progression of AS through multiple molecular mechanisms of vascular cell injury. As the main functional cells of vascular, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play different roles in each stage of atherosclerotic lesions. The interaction between AGEs and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) accelerates AS by affecting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. In addition, increasing researches have reported that AGEs promote osteogenic transformation and macrophage-like transformation of VSMCs, and affect the progression of AS through other aspects such as autophagy and cell cycle. In this review, we summarize the effect of AGEs on VSMCs in atherosclerotic plaque development and progression. We also discuss the AGEs that link AS and diabetes mellitus, including oxidative stress, inflammation, RAGE ligands, small noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong Zhao
- *Correspondence: Longyan Yang, ; Dong Zhao,
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