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Elsawaf AE, Deri AYA, Armanious PS, Khasawneh AM, AlKhaja AM, Yasin AR, Al-Rawi NH, Kawas SA, Shetty SR. Efficiency of Near-Infrared Technology in the Clinical Detection of Carious Lesions: A Systematic Review. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:14-25. [PMID: 36870328 PMCID: PMC10959616 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of dentistry has seen various technological advances regarding caries detection, some lesions still prove to be difficult to detect. A reasonably new detection method, near-infrared (NIR), has shown good results in caries detection. This systematic review aims to compare NIR with conventional methods in terms of caries detection. Online databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, and ProQuest) were used for the literature search. The search was performed from January 2015 till December-2020. A total of 770 articles were selected, of that 17 articles qualified for the final analysis as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The articles were assessed according to a modified Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist, and then synthesis of the review started. The inclusion criteria were clinical trials done in vivo on teeth with active caries of vital or nonvital teeth. This review excluded nonpeer reviewed articles, case reports, case series, opinions, abstracts, non-English written articles, studies of subjects with arrested caries, or teeth with developmental defects of tooth structure and teeth having environmental defects of tooth structure, as well as in-vitro studies. The review compared near-infrared technology with radiography, visual inspection, and laser fluorescence in terms of caries detection, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The sensitivity of NIR ranged from 99.1 to 29.1%. Studies showed that NIR exhibited higher sensitivity for occlusal enamel and dentin caries. The specificity of NIR ranged from 94.1 to 20.0%. In enamel and dentinal occlusal caries, NIR demonstrated lower specificity than that of radiograph. The specificity of NIR in early proximal caries was low. Accuracy was determined in 5 out of 17 studies where the values ranged from 97.1 to 29.1%. The accuracy of NIR was the highest for dentinal occlusal caries. NIR shows promising evidence as an adjunct in caries examination due to its high sensitivity and specificity; however, more studies are required to determine its full potential in different situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Essam Elsawaf
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | - Ahmad Ribhi Yasin
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Sausan Al Kawas
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shishir Ram Shetty
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Perdiou A, Fratila AD, Sava-Rosianu R, Alexa VT, Lalescu D, Jumanca D, Galuscan A. In Vivo Performance of Visual Criteria, Laser-Induced Fluorescence, and Light-Induced Fluorescence for Early Caries Detection. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3170. [PMID: 37891991 PMCID: PMC10606100 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13203170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to compare the diagnostic reliability of ICDAS-II visual criteria, light-induced fluorescence (using the VistaCam iX, Dürr Dental, Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany), and laser-induced fluorescence (using the DIAGNOdent Pen, KaVo, Biberach, Germany) on occlusal caries. Permanent and temporary molars were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Out of 160 teeth that met the inclusion criteria, 139 were chosen and examined by two previously trained and calibrated examiners. The kappa value was 0.95 for both VistaCam iX and DIAGNOdent Pen. Results from visual examination and the readings of the two fluorescence devices were computed, lesions being divided into non-cavitated, enamel lesions, and lesions extended to dentin. All statistical analyses were performed using R (version 4.2.2). Spearman's rank correlation was computed to assess the relationship between the scores of diagnostics reliabilities of the three methods mentioned above. There was a positive, statistically significant Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.25, between VistaCam iX and ICDAS II, and a positive, not statistically significant Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.11, between DiagnoDent Pen and ICDAS II. Considering the temporary teeth, there was a positive, statistically significant Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.52, between VistaCam iX and DiagnoDent Pen; a positive, statistically significant Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.35, between VistaCam iX and ICDAS II; and the lowest, not statistically significant Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.16, between DiagnoDent Pen and ICDAS II. Conclusions: In conclusion, ICDAS II and light-induced fluorescence are better diagnostic methods than the laser-induced fluorescence devices for detecting occlusal caries. Clinical Significance: This study may support clinicians in selecting the most efficient tool for diagnosing carious lesion in the earliest stages possible. Furthermore, such technologies raise the availability for more preventive approaches, as opposed to invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Perdiou
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (R.S.-R.); (V.T.A.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
| | - Aurora Doris Fratila
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (R.S.-R.); (V.T.A.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Center in Oral Health (TEXC-OH), 14A Tudor Vladimirescu Ave., 300173 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (R.S.-R.); (V.T.A.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Center in Oral Health (TEXC-OH), 14A Tudor Vladimirescu Ave., 300173 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dacian Lalescu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, King Michael I of Romania from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Daniela Jumanca
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (R.S.-R.); (V.T.A.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Center in Oral Health (TEXC-OH), 14A Tudor Vladimirescu Ave., 300173 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeş” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (R.S.-R.); (V.T.A.); (D.J.); (A.G.)
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Center in Oral Health (TEXC-OH), 14A Tudor Vladimirescu Ave., 300173 Timisoara, Romania
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Zhou X, Yu G, Yin Q, Yang J, Sun J, Lv S, Shi Q. Tooth Type Enhanced Transformer for Children Caries Diagnosis on Dental Panoramic Radiographs. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13. [PMID: 36832177 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to introduce a novel deep learning technique for more accurate children caries diagnosis on dental panoramic radiographs. Specifically, a swin transformer is introduced, which is compared with the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN) methods that are widely used for caries diagnosis. A tooth type enhanced swin transformer is further proposed by considering the differences among canine, molar and incisor. Modeling the above differences in swin transformer, the proposed method was expected to mine domain knowledge for more accurate caries diagnosis. To test the proposed method, a children panoramic radiograph database was built and labeled with a total of 6028 teeth. Swin transformer shows better diagnosis performance compared with typical CNN methods, which indicates the usefulness of this new technique for children caries diagnosis on panoramic radiographs. Furthermore, the proposed tooth type enhanced swin transformer outperforms the naive swin transformer with the accuracy, precision, recall, F1 and area-under-the-curve being 0.8557, 0.8832, 0.8317, 0.8567 and 0.9223, respectively. This indicates that the transformer model can be further improved with a consideration of domain knowledge instead of a copy of previous transformer models designed for natural images. Finally, we compare the proposed tooth type enhanced swin transformer with two attending doctors. The proposed method shows higher caries diagnosis accuracy for the first and second primary molars, which may assist dentists in caries diagnosis.
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Monea M, Eşian D, Vlad RE, Bica CI. In vivo effectiveness of visual inspection and laser fluorescence in the diagnosis of early pit-and-fissure carious lesions: A cross-sectional study in a group of Romanian children. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27811. [PMID: 34766591 PMCID: PMC8589235 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
General practitioners are still facing great challenges in the management of occlusal caries. Therefore, the development of better diagnostic protocols and assessment of caries activity might improve the results of nonoperative treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of visual inspection based on ICDAS-II (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) and DiagnoDent pen in the detection of pit-and-fissure early lesions in young permanent molars. The evaluation of 237 occlusal surfaces and caries risk assessment were performed in 96 children aged 7 to 15 years. The presence of pit-and-fissure noncavitated lesions was recorded using ICDAS-II scoring system and laser fluorescence. Statistical analysis was performed using McNemar test, with a level of significance of P < .05. The caries risk was measured for all participants. In 109 occlusal surfaces both methods identified enamel changes (46%) and in 62 cases both methods excluded the carious lesion (26.2%). The statistical analysis showed a significant moderate agreement between ICDAS-II code and DiagnoDent pen measurements (McNemar chi-squared statistic 9.5, P = .002 and Cohen kappa coefficient = 0.427). The majority of children (69.8%) had moderate caries risk and the most frequent risk factors recorded were sugar intake between meals, lack of regular dental control and poor oral hygiene. We concluded that ICDAS-II is a valuable and reliable diagnostic tool for early pit-and-fissure lesions and could be used alone during dental examination in children. The evaluation of caries risk should become clinical routine, as parameters belonging to high risk were frequently recorded in our study group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Monea
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Daniela Eşian
- Department of Pedodontics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Ramona Elena Vlad
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Cristina Ioana Bica
- Department of Pedodontics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Romania
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