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Zhang R, Wang F, You Z, Deng D, He J, Yan W, Quan J, Wang J, Yan S. Approved immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a large-scale meta-analysis and systematic review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:82. [PMID: 38319412 PMCID: PMC10847200 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was performed to assess the benefits and safety profile of approved immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Eligible studies were searched from Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed databases based on a well-established strategy. Following the exclusion of ineligible studies, 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with control group, immune checkpoint inhibitors were associated with improved ORR (OR 3.03, 95% CI 2.26-4.05, P < 0.00001), SD (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.95, P = 0.02), OS (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.68-0.83, P < 0.00001), and PFS (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.63-0.87, P < 0.0003). However, no significant differences were observed in DCR (OR 1.33, 95% CI 0.97-1.81, P = 0.07), PD (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.67-1.21, P = 0.48), and all caused any-grade adverse events (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.62-2.39, P = 0. 57), all caused ≥ grade 3 adverse events (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.97-1.25, P = 0.14), treatment-related any-grade adverse events (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.55-2.32, P = 0.73), and treatment-related ≥ grade 3 events (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.34-1.97, P = 0.65) between the two groups. After subgroup analysis conducted, patients in the immune checkpoint inhibitor group compared with targeted drug group showed significant improvements in OS (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.66-0.84, P < 0.00001) and PFS (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.61-0.91, P = 0.004). Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated peculiar benefits in the treatment of HCC with an acceptable safety profile. Compared to targeted drugs, immune checkpoint inhibitors still offer advantages in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, there is still considerable room for further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
- Center for Eugenics Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Center for Eugenics Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Zhiyu You
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Dongyang Deng
- Center for Eugenics Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Jiangyan He
- Center for Eugenics Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Wentao Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Jian Quan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anshun Hospital of Guizhou Aviation Industry Group, Guizhou, 561099, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, Kunming Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Shujuan Yan
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Tianhe District, No.9 Jinsui Road, Zhujiang New Town, Guangzhou, 510623, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou Province, China.
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Zhang P, Zhou C, Ren X, Jing Q, Gao Y, Yang C, Shen Y, Zhou Y, Hu W, Jin F, Xu H, Yu L, Liu Y, Tong X, Li Y, Wang Y, Du J. Inhibiting the compensatory elevation of xCT collaborates with disulfiram/copper-induced GSH consumption for cascade ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Redox Biol 2024; 69:103007. [PMID: 38150993 PMCID: PMC10788306 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.103007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death globally, which is characterized by complicated pathophysiology, high recurrence rate, and poor prognosis. Our previous study has demonstrated that disulfiram (DSF)/Cu could be repurposed for the treatment of HCC by inducing ferroptosis. However, the effectiveness of DSF/Cu may be compromised by compensatory mechanisms that weaken its sensitivity. The mechanisms underlying these compensatory responses are currently unknown. Herein, we found DSF/Cu induces endoplasmic reticulum stress with disrupted ER structures, increased Ca2+ level and activated expression of ATF4. Further studies verified that DSF/Cu induces both ferroptosis and cuproptosis, accompanied by the depletion of GSH, elevation of lipid peroxides, and compensatory increase of xCT. Comparing ferroptosis and cuproptosis, it is interesting to note that GSH acts at the crossing point of the regulation network and therefore, we hypothesized that compensatory elevation of xCT may be a key aspect of the therapeutic target. Mechanically, knockdown of ATF4 facilitated the DSF/Cu-induced cell death and exacerbated the generation of lipid peroxides under the challenge of DSF/Cu. However, ATF4 knockdown was unable to block the compensatory elevation of xCT and the GSH reduction. Notably, we found that DSF/Cu induced the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, promoted the half-life of xCT protein, and dramatically dampened the ubiquitination-proteasome mediated degradation of xCT. Moreover, both pharmacologically and genetically suppressing xCT exacerbated DSF/Cu-induced cell death. In conclusion, the current work provides an in-depth study of the mechanism of DSF/Cu-induced cell death and describes a framework for the further understanding of the crosstalk between ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Inhibiting the compensatory increase of xCT renders HCC cells more susceptible to DSF/Cu, which may provide a promising synergistic strategy to sensitize tumor therapy and overcome drug resistance, as it activates different programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoting Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueying Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiangan Jing
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhuan Shen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanye Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifan Jin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingyan Yu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jing Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital(Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Chen Y, Zhang B, Zhong C, Zhou Y, Xue L, Luo C, Yi L, Gong Q, Long Y. let-7g sensitized liver cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil by downregulating ABCC10 expression. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14396. [PMID: 38054583 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with advanced liver cancer may benefit from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy. However, most of them eventually faced drug resistance, resulting in a poor prognosis. The present study aims to explore the potential mechanism of let-7g/ABCC10 axis in the regulation of 5-FU resistance in liver cancer cells. Huh-7 cells were used to construct 5-FU resistant Huh-7/4X cells. CCK8, flow cytometry, and TUNEL staining were used to detect the characterization of Huh-7 cells and Huh-7/4X cells. Double luciferase report, PCR, and western blot analyses were used to detect the regulatory effects between let-7g and ABCC10. The levels of biomarkers related to cell cycle progression and apoptosis were detected by western blot assays. The role of let-7g in 5-FU sensitivity of liver cancer cells was evaluated in nude mice. Compared with LX-2 cells, the expression of let-7g was decreased in Hep3B, HepG2, Huh-7, and SK-Hep1 cells, with the lowest expression in Huh-7 cells. The sensitivity of Huh-7 cell to 5-FU was positively correlated with let-7g expression. Transfection of let-7g mimics inhibited the viability of Huh-7/4X cells by prolonging the G1 phase, with the downregulation of ABCC10, PCNA, Cyclin D1, and CDK4. Meanwhile, let-7g promoted apoptosis to increase 5-FU sensitivity of Huh-7/4X by downregulating ABCC10, Bcl-XL as well as upregulating Bax, C-caspase 3, and C-PARP. Dual-luciferase assay further confirmed that let-7g inhibited ABCC10 expression by binding to the ABCC10 3'-UTR region. Furthermore, let-7g increased the sensitivity of Huh-7/4X to 5-FU in vitro and in vivo, which can be reversed by ABCC10 overexpression. In conclusion, let-7g sensitized liver cancer cells to 5-FU by downregulating ABCC10 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Translational Medicine Centre, Hunan Cancer Hospital / The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oncoplastic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Bocheng Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Hunan Cancer Hospital / The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oncoplastic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, P. R. China
| | - Cui Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Luo
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oncoplastic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Liang Yi
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oncoplastic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ying Long
- Translational Medicine Centre, Hunan Cancer Hospital / The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Oncoplastic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Kong J, Xu S, Dai Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang P. Study of the Fe 3O 4@ZIF-8@Sor Composite Modified by Tannic Acid for the Treatment of Sorafenib-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS Omega 2023; 8:39174-39185. [PMID: 37901534 PMCID: PMC10601084 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents fail in clinical chemotherapy in the absence of targeting and acquired resistance. We, therefore, synthesized Fe3O4@ZIF-8@Sor@TA nanocomposite drugs based on the drug delivery properties of nanomaterials. ZIF-8 is a nanomaterial with a porous structure that can load anticancer drugs. The nanodrug used the paramagnetic property of Fe3O4 to deliver sorafenib (Sor) precisely to the tumor site, then used the pH responsiveness of ZIF-8 to slowly release Sor in the tumor microenvironment, and finally used tannic acid (TA) to inhibit P-glycoprotein to suppress the Sor resistance. The results of material characterization presented that the prepared material was structurally stable and was able to achieve a cumulative drug release of 38.2% at pH 5.0 for 72 h. The good biocompatibility of the composite was demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments, which could improve antitumor activity and reduce Sor resistance through magnetic targeting TA. In conclusion, the Fe3O4@ZIF-8@Sor@TA material prepared in this study demonstrated high antitumor activity in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, promising to reduce drug resistance and providing a novel research approach for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Kong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University
of Medicine, Xiangyang City 441000, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University
of Medicine, Xiangyang City 441000, China
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University
of Medicine, Xiangyang City 441000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University
of Medicine, Xiangyang City 441000, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University
of Medicine, Xiangyang City 441000, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University
of Medicine, Xiangyang City 441000, China
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Bahaa Eldeen NM, Kamel MM, Mohamed A, Kamar SS, Rashed L, ShamsEldeen AM. Melatonin Mitigates the Progression of Chemically Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats via Targeting Wnt/Β-Catenin Pathway, and Small Noncoding miR-let-7b. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 12:403-414. [PMID: 38618269 PMCID: PMC11015929 DOI: 10.61186/rbmb.12.3.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Melatonin, the controlling hormone of the sleep-wake cycle, has acquired attention due to its role in immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, as well as its proapoptotic effects. Wnt/β-catenin signaling can modulate cancer progression by promoting cell division and migration, while miR-let-7b may inhibit cell growth, migration, and invasion by affecting the function of adaptive immune cells. This work was designed to detect the effect of using melatonin as an immunomodulating therapeutic approach to control the progression of chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Thirty male rats were equally divided into control, HCC, and melatonin-HCC groups. Animals in the HCC and melatonin-HCC groups were injected with diethylnitrosamine (intraperitoneal single dose) followed by repeated carbon-tetrachloride subcutaneous injection once weekly for six weeks. Melatonin was given from the first week of the study and continued during the process of HCC induction. Results In the HCC group, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Wnt/β-catenin expression significantly increased, while there was a downregulation of microRNA Let7b. Melatonin administration reversed these changes, along with an increase in hepatic content of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and caspase-3. Conclusions Melatonin exerted hepatic immunomodulating changes, in addition to proapoptotic and antiangiogenic effects, illustrated by increased IL-2, caspase-3, and decreased VEGF levels, respectively. Moreover, the use of melatonin during hepatocarcinogenesis positively modulated the disrupted expression of microRNA let7b and Wnt/β-catenin significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moataz Maher Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abbas Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Samaa Samir Kamar
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University.
- Histology Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Laila Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abstract
For more than 40 years, the epipodophyllotoxin drug etoposide is prescribed to treat cancer. This semi-synthetic compound remains extensively used to treat advanced small-cell lung cancer and in various chemotherapy regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation, and other anticancer protocols. Etoposide is a potent topoisomerase II poison, causing double-stranded DNA breaks which lead to cell death if they are not repaired. It is also a genotoxic compound, responsible for severe side effects and secondary leukemia occasionally. Beyond its well-recognized function as an inducer of cancer cell death (a "killer on the road"), etoposide is also useful to treat immune-mediated inflammatory diseases associated with a cytokine storm syndrome. The drug is essential to the treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and the macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), in combination with a corticosteroid and other drugs. The use of etoposide to treat HLH, either familial or secondary to a viral or parasitic infection, or treatment-induced HLH and MAS is reviewed here. Etoposide dampens inflammation in HLH patients via an inhibition of the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, IFN-γ and TNF-α, and reduction of the secretion of the alarmin HMGB1. The modulation of cytokines production by etoposide contributes to deactivate T cells and to dampen the immune stimulation associated to the cytokine storm. This review discussed the clinical benefits and mechanism of action of etoposide (a "rider on the storm") in the context of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, notably life-threatening HLH and MAS. The question arises as to whether the two faces of etoposide action can apply to other topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Consulting Scientific Office, Lille (Wasquehal) 59290, France; University of Lille, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, 59000 Lille, France; University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020 - UMR1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000 Lille, France.
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Chen YL, Hsieh CC, Chu PM, Chen JY, Huang YC, Chen CY. Roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases in hepatocellular carcinoma progression (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 49:48. [PMID: 36660927 PMCID: PMC9887465 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents almost 80% of all liver cancers, is the sixth most common cancer and is the second‑highest cause of cancer‑related deaths worldwide. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which are encoded by the largest family of phosphatase genes, play critical roles in cellular responses and are implicated in various signaling pathways. Moreover, PTPs are dysregulated and involved in various cellular processes in numerous cancers, including HCC. Kinases and phosphatases are coordinators that modulate cell activities and regulate signaling responses. There are multiple interacting signaling networks, and coordination of these signaling networks in response to a stimulus determines the physiological outcome. Numerous issues, such as drug resistance and inflammatory reactions in the tumor microenvironment, are implicated in cancer progression, and the role of PTPs in these processes has not been well elucidated. Therefore, the present review focused on discussing the relationship of PTPs with inflammatory cytokines and chemotherapy/targeted drug resistance, providing detailed information on how PTPs can modulate inflammatory reactions and drug resistance to influence progression in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Li Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Chuan Hsieh
- Division of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, I‑Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chun Huang
- Aging and Diseases Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Chen C, Liang T, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Zhang M, Feng D, Tao J, Si T, Cai M. Systems Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Investigate the Mechanism of Ruangan Lidan Decoction for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:2940654. [PMID: 36578460 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2940654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
epatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading contributors to cancer mortality worldwide. Currently, the prevention and treatment of HCC remains a major challenge. As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, Ruangan Lidan decoction (RGLD) has been proved to own the effect of relieving HCC symptoms. However, due to its biological effects and complex compositions, its underlying mechanism of actions (MOAs) have not been fully clarified yet. In this study, we proposed a pharmacological framework to systematically explore the MOAs of RGLD against HCC. We firstly integrated the active ingredients and potential targets of RGLD. We next highlighted 25 key targets that played vital roles in both RGLD and HCC disease via a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Furthermore, an ingredient-target network of RGLD consisting of 216 ingredients with 306 targets was constructed, and multilevel systems pharmacology analyses indicated that RGLD could act on multiple biological processes related to the pathogenesis of HCC, such as cellular response to hypoxia and cell proliferation. Additionally, integrated pathway analysis of RGLD uncovered that RGLD might treat HCC through regulating various pathways, including MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and ERBB signaling pathway. Survival analysis results showed that HCC patients with low expression of VEGFA, HIF1A, CASP8, and TOP2A were related with a higher survival rate than those with high expression, indicating the potential clinical significance for HCC. Finally, molecular docking results of core ingredients and targets further proved the feasibility of RGLD in the treatment of HCC. Overall, this study indicates that RGLD may treat HCC through multiple mechanisms, which also provides a potential paradigm to investigate the MOAs of TCM prescription.
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Liu Y, Xie Q, Ma Y, Lin C, Li J, Hu B, Liu C, Zhao Y. Nanobubbles containing PD-L1 Ab and miR-424 mediated PD-L1 blockade, and its expression inhibition to enable and potentiate hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy in mice. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang J, Han H, Wang L, Wang W, Yang M, Qin Y. Overcoming the therapeutic resistance of hepatomas by targeting the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:988956. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the majority of primary liver cancers and is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Multifactorial drug resistance is regarded as the major cause of treatment failure in HCC. Accumulating evidence shows that the constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor vasculature, immune cells, physical factors, cytokines, and exosomes may explain the therapeutic resistance mechanisms in HCC. In recent years, anti-angiogenic drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown satisfactory results in HCC patients. However, due to enhanced communication between the tumor and TME, the effect of heterogeneity of the microenvironment on therapeutic resistance is particularly complicated, which suggests a more challenging research direction. In addition, it has been reported that the three-dimensional (3D) organoid model derived from patient biopsies is more intuitive to fully understand the role of the TME in acquired resistance. Therefore, in this review, we have focused not only on the mechanisms and targets of therapeutic resistance related to the contents of the TME in HCC but also provide a comprehensive description of 3D models and how they contribute to the exploration of HCC therapies.
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Cheng CC, Ho AS, Peng CL, Chang J, Sie ZL, Wang CL, Chen YL, Chen CY. Sorafenib suppresses radioresistance and synergizes radiotherapy-mediated CD8 + T cell activation to eradicate hepatocellular carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109110. [PMID: 36037651 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is applied to eradicate tumors in the clinic. However, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits resistance against RT. It is demonstrated that RT directly inhibits tumor growth but which induces type I interferons (IFNs) expression to phosphorylate STATs and increase STATs-downstream PD-L1 levels in the survival tumor cells. Since sorafenib is capable of suppressing STATs, we, therefore, hypothesize that sorafenib suppresses IFNs-mediated radioresistance and PD-L1 in the residual tumor cells and may synergistically enhance RT-mediated reactivation of CD8+ T immunological activity to eradicate HCC cells. We found that combined RT, sorafenib, and PBMCs significantly suppress the colony formation in the HCC cells, whereas CD8+ T cells expressed high granzyme B (GZMB) and perforin (PRF1) in co-cultured with RT-treated HCC cells. We demonstrated RT significantly inhibited HCC cell viability but induced IFNα and IL-6 expression in the RT-treated HCC cells, resulting in immune checkpoint PD-L1 and anti-apoptosis MCL1 and BCL2 overexpression in the non-RT HCC cells. We found that sorafenib decreased RT-PLC5 medium (RT-PLC5-m)-mediated cell growth by suppressing IFNα- and IL-6-mediated STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation. Sorafenib also reduced IFNα-mediated PD-L1 levels in HCC cells. Meanwhile, RT-PLC5-m reactivated CD8+ T cells and non-CD8+ PBMCs, resulting in high IFNγ and IL-2 levels in CD8+ T cells, and cytokines IFNα, IFNγ, IL-2, and IL-6 in non-CD8+ PBMCs. Particularly, CD8+ T cells expressed higher GZMB and PRF1 and non-CD8+ PBMCs expressed higher IFNα, IFNγ, IL-2, IL-6, CXCL9, and CXCL10 in co-cultured with RT-treated HCC cells compared to parental cells. Although we demonstrated that sorafenib slightly inhibited RT-mediated GZMB and PRF1 expression in CD8+ T cells, and cytokines levels in non-CD8+ PBMCs. Based on sorafenib significantly suppressed IFNα- and IL-6-mediated radioresistance and PD-L1 expression, we demonstrated that sorafenib synergized RT and immune surveillance for suppressing PLC5 cell viability in vitro. In conclusion, this study revealed that RT induced IFNα and IL-6 expression to phosphorylate STAT1 and STAT3 by autocrine and paracrine effect, leading to radioresistance and PD-L1 overexpression in HCC cells. Sorafenib not only suppressed IFNα- and IL-6-mediated PLC5 cell growth but also inhibited IFNα-mediated PD-L1 expression, synergistically enhancing RT-mediated CD8+ T cell reactivation against HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chia Cheng
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Sheng Ho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Liang Peng
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan.
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Zong-Lin Sie
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Li Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The complexity of the tumor microenvironment presents significant challenges to cancer therapy, while providing opportunities for targeted drug delivery. Using characteristic signals of the tumor microenvironment, various stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems can be constructed for targeted drug delivery to tumor sites. Among these, the pH is frequently utilized, owing to the pH of the tumor microenvironment being lower than that of blood and healthy tissues. pH-responsive polymer carriers can improve the efficiency of drug delivery in vivo, allow targeted drug delivery, and reduce adverse drug reactions, enabling multifunctional and personalized treatment. pH-responsive polymers have gained increasing interest due to their advantageous properties and potential for applicability in tumor therapy. In this review, recent advances in, and common applications of, pH-responsive polymer nanomaterials for drug delivery in cancer therapy are summarized, with a focus on the different types of pH-responsive polymers. Moreover, the challenges and future applications in this field are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Chu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengxiang Gao
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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Ali Q, Yu C, Hussain A, Ali M, Ahmar S, Sohail MA, Riaz M, Ashraf MF, Abdalmegeed D, Wang X, Imran M, Manghwar H, Zhou L. Genome Engineering Technology for Durable Disease Resistance: Recent Progress and Future Outlooks for Sustainable Agriculture. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:860281. [PMID: 35371164 PMCID: PMC8968944 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.860281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Crop production worldwide is under pressure from multiple factors, including reductions in available arable land and sources of water, along with the emergence of new pathogens and development of resistance in pre-existing pathogens. In addition, the ever-growing world population has increased the demand for food, which is predicted to increase by more than 100% by 2050. To meet these needs, different techniques have been deployed to produce new cultivars with novel heritable mutations. Although traditional breeding continues to play a vital role in crop improvement, it typically involves long and laborious artificial planting over multiple generations. Recently, the application of innovative genome engineering techniques, particularly CRISPR-Cas9-based systems, has opened up new avenues that offer the prospects of sustainable farming in the modern agricultural industry. In addition, the emergence of novel editing systems has enabled the development of transgene-free non-genetically modified plants, which represent a suitable option for improving desired traits in a range of crop plants. To date, a number of disease-resistant crops have been produced using gene-editing tools, which can make a significant contribution to overcoming disease-related problems. Not only does this directly minimize yield losses but also reduces the reliance on pesticide application, thereby enhancing crop productivity that can meet the globally increasing demand for food. In this review, we describe recent progress in genome engineering techniques, particularly CRISPR-Cas9 systems, in development of disease-resistant crop plants. In addition, we describe the role of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurban Ali
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Disease and Pest Insects, College of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenjie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Disease and Pest Insects, College of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Amjad Hussain
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mohsin Ali
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sunny Ahmar
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology, and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Muhammad Aamir Sohail
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dyaaaldin Abdalmegeed
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Disease and Pest Insects, College of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Corsi F, Capradossi F, Pelliccia A, Briganti S, Bruni E, Traversa E, Torino F, Reichle A, Ghibelli L. Apoptosis as Driver of Therapy-Induced Cancer Repopulation and Acquired Cell-Resistance (CRAC): A Simple In Vitro Model of Phoenix Rising in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031152. [PMID: 35163077 PMCID: PMC8834753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cells stimulate compensatory proliferation through the caspase-3-cPLA-2-COX-2-PGE-2-STAT3 Phoenix Rising pathway as a healing process in normal tissues. Phoenix Rising is however usurped in cancer, potentially nullifying pro-apoptotic therapies. Cytotoxic therapies also promote cancer cell plasticity through epigenetic reprogramming, leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), chemo-resistance and tumor progression. We explored the relationship between such scenarios, setting-up an innovative, straightforward one-pot in vitro model of therapy-induced prostate cancer repopulation. Cancer (castration-resistant PC3 and androgen-sensitive LNCaP), or normal (RWPE-1) prostate cells, are treated with etoposide and left recovering for 18 days. After a robust apoptotic phase, PC3 setup a coordinate tissue-like response, repopulating and acquiring EMT and chemo-resistance; repopulation occurs via Phoenix Rising, being dependent on high PGE-2 levels achieved through caspase-3-promoted signaling; epigenetic inhibitors interrupt Phoenix Rising after PGE-2, preventing repopulation. Instead, RWPE-1 repopulate via Phoenix Rising without reprogramming, EMT or chemo-resistance, indicating that only cancer cells require reprogramming to complete Phoenix Rising. Intriguingly, LNCaP stop Phoenix-Rising after PGE-2, failing repopulating, suggesting that the propensity to engage/complete Phoenix Rising may influence the outcome of pro-apoptotic therapies. Concluding, we established a reliable system where to study prostate cancer repopulation, showing that epigenetic reprogramming assists Phoenix Rising to promote post-therapy cancer repopulation and acquired cell-resistance (CRAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Corsi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (L.G.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4095 (F.C.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4218 (L.G.)
| | - Francesco Capradossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelliccia
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Briganti
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Bruni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
| | - Enrico Traversa
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (L.G.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4095 (F.C.); Tel.: +39-06-7259-4218 (L.G.)
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