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Araujo JMM, Monteiro JM, Silva DHDS, Veira AK, Silva MRC, Ferraz FA, Braga FHR, de Siqueira EP, Monteiro ADS. Candida krusei M4CK Produces a Bioemulsifier That Acts on Melaleuca Essential Oil and Aids in Its Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1686. [PMID: 38136720 PMCID: PMC10740703 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface-active compounds (SACs) of microbial origin are an active group of biomolecules with potential use in the formulation of emulsions. In this sense, the present study aimed to isolate and select yeasts from fruits that could produce SACs for essential oil emulsions. The Candida krusei M4CK was isolated from the Byrsonima crassifolia fruit to make SACs. This emulsification activity (E24) was equal to or greater 50% in all carbon sources, such as olive oil, sunflower oil, kerosene, hexane, and hexadecane. E24 followed exponential growth according to the growth phase. The stability of emulsions was maintained over a wide range of temperatures, pH, and salinity. The OMBE4CK (melaleuca essential oil emulsion) had better and more significant inhibitory potential for biofilm reduction formation. In addition, bioemulsifier BE4CK alone on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm showed few effective results, while there was a significant eradication for Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. The biofilms formed by S. aureus were eradicated in all concentrations of OMBE4CK. At the same time, the preformed biofilm by E. coli and P. aeruginosa were removed entirely at concentrations of 25 mg/mL, 12.5 mg/mL, and 6.25 mg/mL. The results show that the bioemulsifier BE4CK may represent a new potential for antibiofilm application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Mayra Mendes Araujo
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, BIONORTE, Saint Louis 65055-310, Brazil; (J.M.M.A.); (J.M.M.)
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade CEUMA, Saint Louis 65075-120, Brazil; (D.H.d.S.S.); (A.K.V.); (F.A.F.)
| | - Joveliane Melo Monteiro
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, BIONORTE, Saint Louis 65055-310, Brazil; (J.M.M.A.); (J.M.M.)
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade CEUMA, Saint Louis 65075-120, Brazil; (D.H.d.S.S.); (A.K.V.); (F.A.F.)
| | | | - Amanda Karoline Veira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade CEUMA, Saint Louis 65075-120, Brazil; (D.H.d.S.S.); (A.K.V.); (F.A.F.)
| | - Maria Raimunda Chagas Silva
- Laboratório de Ciências do Ambiente, Universidade CEUMA, Saint Louis 65075-120, Brazil; (M.R.C.S.); (F.H.R.B.)
| | - Fernanda Avelino Ferraz
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade CEUMA, Saint Louis 65075-120, Brazil; (D.H.d.S.S.); (A.K.V.); (F.A.F.)
| | - Fábio H. Ramos Braga
- Laboratório de Ciências do Ambiente, Universidade CEUMA, Saint Louis 65075-120, Brazil; (M.R.C.S.); (F.H.R.B.)
| | - Ezequias Pessoa de Siqueira
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Brazil;
| | - Andrea de Souza Monteiro
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, BIONORTE, Saint Louis 65055-310, Brazil; (J.M.M.A.); (J.M.M.)
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada, Universidade CEUMA, Saint Louis 65075-120, Brazil; (D.H.d.S.S.); (A.K.V.); (F.A.F.)
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Nascimento T, Gomes D, Simões R, da Graça Miguel M. Tea Tree Oil: Properties and the Therapeutic Approach to Acne-A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1264. [PMID: 37371994 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory dermatological pathology that affects mostly young people. However, it can also appear in adulthood, mainly in women. It has a high psychosocial impact, not only at the time of active lesions but also due to the consequences of lesions such as scarring and hyperpigmentation. Several factors are involved in the physiopathology of acne and the constant search for active ingredients is a reality, namely phytotherapeutic ingredients. Tea tree oil is an essential oil extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betch) Cheel with known antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a candidate for the treatment of acne. This review aims to describe the various properties of tea tree oil that make it a possible ingredient to use in the treatment of acne and to present several human studies that have evaluated the efficacy and safety of using tea tree oil in the treatment of acne. It can be concluded that tea tree oil has good antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties that result in a decrease in the number of inflammatory lesions, mainly papules, and pustules. However, given the diversity of study designs, it is not possible to draw concrete conclusions on the efficacy and safety of this oil in the treatment of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Nascimento
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve (ESSUAlg), Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 2, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 2, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Diana Gomes
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Simões
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria da Graça Miguel
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Iseppi R, Condò C, Messi P. Synergistic Inhibition of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by Melaleuca alternifolia Chell (Tea Tree) and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Essential Oils in Association with Oxacillin. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050846. [PMID: 37237749 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a major therapeutic priority. This trend indicates the need for alternative agents to antibiotics, such as natural compounds of plant origin. By assessing membrane permeability, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of Melaleuca alternifolia and Eucalyptus globulus essential oils (EOs) against three strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Using the checkerboard method, the efficacy of single EOs, in association with each other or in combination with oxacillin, was quantified by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentrations (FIC Index). All EOs showed a reduction in bacterial load, an alteration of membrane permeability which leads to an increase in its function, resulting in the release of nucleic acids and proteins. The treatment with EO-oxacillin combinations and associated EO-EO resulted in a synergistic effect in most of the tests performed. EO-EO association showed a high activity in the alteration of the membrane, increasing the permeability to about 80% in all the MRSA strains treated. In conclusion, the combination of EOs and antibiotics represents a valid therapeutic support against MRSA bacteria, allowing for a decrease in the antibiotic concentration needed for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Iseppi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carla Condò
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Messi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
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